BLS for Health Care Providers Course 2023 Study Guide
with complete solution
critical thinking
thinking clearly and rationally to identify the connection between information and
actions. When you use critical thinking, you are constantly identifying new information,
adapting to the information logically in order to determine you best next actions and
anticipating how those actions will affect the patient.
you use critical thinking when...
-perform a rapid assessment and determine a course of action
-anticipate roles and functions as part of a team based on the patient's presentation and
condition
-re-evaluate the situation for changes, interpret these changes and modify care
accordingly
problem solving
refers to the ability to use readily available resources to find solutions to challenging
situations or issues that arise.
communication with the team
includes verbal (spoken words) and nonverbal messages conveyed through body
language (gestures and facial expressions)
sender
the person initiating the communication
message
the content of the communication: this must be expressed clearly so that everyone
involved knows exactly what the message is
receiver
the person for whom the message is intended
feedback
the confirmation by the receiver that the message has been received and understood;
an essential element of closed-loop communication
closed-loop communication
a communication technique used to prevent misunderstandings; the receiver confirms
that the message has been received and understood
when communicating (sending) information
-speak clearly and deliberately
-covey information in an organized fashion
-"close the loop" by waiting for feedback from the team member responsible for carrying
out the action. If feedback is not provided, seek it before continuing.
when receiving information
-provide confirmation that you have received the message and that you understand it by
repeating the task back to the sender
-acknowledge initiation and completion of the task
-speak clearly in a calm tone of voice; avoid speaking over others
to effectively communicate with family
,- demonstrate credibility as well as confidence as well as confidence and empathy
-build rapport and establish trust
-speak slowly and in terms the family can understand
-be prepared to repeat information, if necessary
-be open and honest, especially about the patient's condition. minimize family members'
fears as necessary, but avoid giving misleading information or false hope. ("Everything
is going to be okay")
-reassure the family that everything that can be done is being done
example of closed loop communication
sender --> message-->receiver-->feedback
communicating with the family after after a patient's death
-in this situation, provide the information honestly and with compassion, in a
straightforward manner, and include information about events that may follow
-allow the family to begin processing the information
-allow time for the family to begin the grief process. ask whether they would like to
contact or have you contact anyone, such as other family members or clergy
-anticipate a myriad of reactions by family members, such as crying, sobbing, shouting,
anger, screaming or physical lashing out
-wait and answer any questions that the family may have
teamwork
is crucial during resuscitation because the ultimate goal is to save a life. an effective
coordinated effort by the BLS team improves patient outcomes
team leader responsibilities
the team leader overseas the entire emergency situation and ensures that everyone
works as a team to help promote the best possible outcome for the patient
team leader
-assigns and understands team roles
-sets clear expectations
-prioritizes, directs and acts decisively
-encourages and allows team input and interaction
-focuses on the big picture
-monitors performance while providing support
-acts as a role model
-re-evaluates and summarizes progress
-leads a debriefing session
team member responsibilities
-have the necessary knowledge and skills to perform their assigned role
-stay in their assigned role but assist others as needed, as long as they are able to
maintain their own assigned responsibilities
-communicate effectively with the team leader if they:
*feel they are lacking any knowledge or skills to perform assigned roles
*identify something that the team leader may have overlooked
*recognize a dangerous situation or need for urgent action
-share information with other team members
-focus on achieving the goals
,-ask pertinent questions and share pertinent observations
-participate in debriefing sessions
crew resource management
emphasizes the use of all available resources (including people, equipment and
procedures) to promote effective and efficient teamwork and reduce the likelihood of
human error. when following the principles of crew resource management, all members
of the team demonstrate respect for one another and use clear, closed-loop
communication
-being a member of the team is just as important as being a team leader. Everyone on
the team needs to have a voice and be encouraged to speak up if a problem arises
-centers around the team leader, who coordinates the actions and activities of team
members so that the team function effectively and efficiently. it also guides the team
members to communicate directly and openly with the team leader about dangerous or
time-critical decisions
-when a problem arises, team members must get the attention of the team leader, state
their concern, describe the problem as they see it and suggest a solution. the team
leader then provides direction, enables the team to work together to resolve the issue
practicing and debriefing
members of effective high-performance teams keep their skills and knowledge current,
and they practice together regularly. in addition, effective high-performance teams hold
debriefing sessions after each resuscitation event
-the purpose of the debriefing session is to take a closer look at the decisions that were
made and the actions that were taken, with the goal of identifying opportunities for
improvement at the system, team and individual levels
-the team leaser leads the debriefing session, which typically follows a constant format
review
the team leader provides a brief recap of the emergency and the interventions that were
used
analyze
the team reviews and evaluates the qualitative and quantitative data obtained during the
resuscitation effort
reflect
the team reflects on the actions they took and why, discusses the pros and cons of
those actions and identifies changes that could be made to improve future outcomes
summarize
the team recaps the main take-away points and develops a list of action items
Laurens response is an example of what type of communication?
closed-loop communication
this is an example of effective family communication
true
when you asked the daughter to assist you with Mrs. Price, you took advantage of a
readily available resource to find a solution. this is an example of
Problem solving
The team's action best represents which practice used to prevent errors?
crew resource management
, who is the best person to communicate patient status an care completed to the code
team?
team leader
the cardiac chain of survival describes five actions that, when performed in rapid
succession, increase the patient's likelihood of surviving sudden cardiac arrest. Place
the links of the In-Hospital Adult Cardiac Chain of Survival in the correct order
1. surveillance and prevention
2. activation of the emergency response system
3. early CPR
4. early defibrillation
5. integrated post-cardiac arrest care
an adult in the waiting room has collapsed to the floor. The environment is safe. Upon
reaching the person, you use the "shout-tap-shout" sequence to:
check for responsiveness
after performing a rapid assessment, you find that an adult patient is unresponsive, is
not breathing and does not have a pulse. you recognize that the patient is experiencing:
cardiac arrest
a patient reports episode of severe chest pressure that last about 3 to 4 minutes and
are unrelieved by rest or position changes. The patient is pale and diaphoretic. You
suspect a myocardial infarction (MI). Which information would be most important for you
to keep in mind when preparing to care for this patient?
administering aspirin is an immediate care step for cases where MI is suspected
You enter an adult patient's room to provide routine care. Noticing the patient slumped
over in the recliner, you perform a quick visual survey. This includes which of the
following actions?
-determining the need for additional resources
-obtaining an initial impression of the patient
-assessing for safety
An adult patient has stopped breathing but has a pulse. Which action would be
appropriate?
Give 1 ventilation every 5 to 6 seconds
an adult patient who has collapsed is unresponsive. When conducting a rapid
assessment of the patient, you simultaneously check breathing and a carotid pulse for
at least 5 seconds, but no more than
10 seconds
An adult patient is unresponsive. You have opened their airway and are simultaneously
checking for breathing and a pulse. To check for normal breathing, which actions are
appropriate to do?
-look to see whether the chest rises and falls
-feel for breathing against the side of your cheek
-listen for escaping air
You are working with Mr. Henderson in the physical therapy center. He grimaces and
says: " I can't catch my breath." Then he collapses to the ground. You notice he
appears pale and cyanotic. What do you do first?
perform the shout-tap-shout sequence
with complete solution
critical thinking
thinking clearly and rationally to identify the connection between information and
actions. When you use critical thinking, you are constantly identifying new information,
adapting to the information logically in order to determine you best next actions and
anticipating how those actions will affect the patient.
you use critical thinking when...
-perform a rapid assessment and determine a course of action
-anticipate roles and functions as part of a team based on the patient's presentation and
condition
-re-evaluate the situation for changes, interpret these changes and modify care
accordingly
problem solving
refers to the ability to use readily available resources to find solutions to challenging
situations or issues that arise.
communication with the team
includes verbal (spoken words) and nonverbal messages conveyed through body
language (gestures and facial expressions)
sender
the person initiating the communication
message
the content of the communication: this must be expressed clearly so that everyone
involved knows exactly what the message is
receiver
the person for whom the message is intended
feedback
the confirmation by the receiver that the message has been received and understood;
an essential element of closed-loop communication
closed-loop communication
a communication technique used to prevent misunderstandings; the receiver confirms
that the message has been received and understood
when communicating (sending) information
-speak clearly and deliberately
-covey information in an organized fashion
-"close the loop" by waiting for feedback from the team member responsible for carrying
out the action. If feedback is not provided, seek it before continuing.
when receiving information
-provide confirmation that you have received the message and that you understand it by
repeating the task back to the sender
-acknowledge initiation and completion of the task
-speak clearly in a calm tone of voice; avoid speaking over others
to effectively communicate with family
,- demonstrate credibility as well as confidence as well as confidence and empathy
-build rapport and establish trust
-speak slowly and in terms the family can understand
-be prepared to repeat information, if necessary
-be open and honest, especially about the patient's condition. minimize family members'
fears as necessary, but avoid giving misleading information or false hope. ("Everything
is going to be okay")
-reassure the family that everything that can be done is being done
example of closed loop communication
sender --> message-->receiver-->feedback
communicating with the family after after a patient's death
-in this situation, provide the information honestly and with compassion, in a
straightforward manner, and include information about events that may follow
-allow the family to begin processing the information
-allow time for the family to begin the grief process. ask whether they would like to
contact or have you contact anyone, such as other family members or clergy
-anticipate a myriad of reactions by family members, such as crying, sobbing, shouting,
anger, screaming or physical lashing out
-wait and answer any questions that the family may have
teamwork
is crucial during resuscitation because the ultimate goal is to save a life. an effective
coordinated effort by the BLS team improves patient outcomes
team leader responsibilities
the team leader overseas the entire emergency situation and ensures that everyone
works as a team to help promote the best possible outcome for the patient
team leader
-assigns and understands team roles
-sets clear expectations
-prioritizes, directs and acts decisively
-encourages and allows team input and interaction
-focuses on the big picture
-monitors performance while providing support
-acts as a role model
-re-evaluates and summarizes progress
-leads a debriefing session
team member responsibilities
-have the necessary knowledge and skills to perform their assigned role
-stay in their assigned role but assist others as needed, as long as they are able to
maintain their own assigned responsibilities
-communicate effectively with the team leader if they:
*feel they are lacking any knowledge or skills to perform assigned roles
*identify something that the team leader may have overlooked
*recognize a dangerous situation or need for urgent action
-share information with other team members
-focus on achieving the goals
,-ask pertinent questions and share pertinent observations
-participate in debriefing sessions
crew resource management
emphasizes the use of all available resources (including people, equipment and
procedures) to promote effective and efficient teamwork and reduce the likelihood of
human error. when following the principles of crew resource management, all members
of the team demonstrate respect for one another and use clear, closed-loop
communication
-being a member of the team is just as important as being a team leader. Everyone on
the team needs to have a voice and be encouraged to speak up if a problem arises
-centers around the team leader, who coordinates the actions and activities of team
members so that the team function effectively and efficiently. it also guides the team
members to communicate directly and openly with the team leader about dangerous or
time-critical decisions
-when a problem arises, team members must get the attention of the team leader, state
their concern, describe the problem as they see it and suggest a solution. the team
leader then provides direction, enables the team to work together to resolve the issue
practicing and debriefing
members of effective high-performance teams keep their skills and knowledge current,
and they practice together regularly. in addition, effective high-performance teams hold
debriefing sessions after each resuscitation event
-the purpose of the debriefing session is to take a closer look at the decisions that were
made and the actions that were taken, with the goal of identifying opportunities for
improvement at the system, team and individual levels
-the team leaser leads the debriefing session, which typically follows a constant format
review
the team leader provides a brief recap of the emergency and the interventions that were
used
analyze
the team reviews and evaluates the qualitative and quantitative data obtained during the
resuscitation effort
reflect
the team reflects on the actions they took and why, discusses the pros and cons of
those actions and identifies changes that could be made to improve future outcomes
summarize
the team recaps the main take-away points and develops a list of action items
Laurens response is an example of what type of communication?
closed-loop communication
this is an example of effective family communication
true
when you asked the daughter to assist you with Mrs. Price, you took advantage of a
readily available resource to find a solution. this is an example of
Problem solving
The team's action best represents which practice used to prevent errors?
crew resource management
, who is the best person to communicate patient status an care completed to the code
team?
team leader
the cardiac chain of survival describes five actions that, when performed in rapid
succession, increase the patient's likelihood of surviving sudden cardiac arrest. Place
the links of the In-Hospital Adult Cardiac Chain of Survival in the correct order
1. surveillance and prevention
2. activation of the emergency response system
3. early CPR
4. early defibrillation
5. integrated post-cardiac arrest care
an adult in the waiting room has collapsed to the floor. The environment is safe. Upon
reaching the person, you use the "shout-tap-shout" sequence to:
check for responsiveness
after performing a rapid assessment, you find that an adult patient is unresponsive, is
not breathing and does not have a pulse. you recognize that the patient is experiencing:
cardiac arrest
a patient reports episode of severe chest pressure that last about 3 to 4 minutes and
are unrelieved by rest or position changes. The patient is pale and diaphoretic. You
suspect a myocardial infarction (MI). Which information would be most important for you
to keep in mind when preparing to care for this patient?
administering aspirin is an immediate care step for cases where MI is suspected
You enter an adult patient's room to provide routine care. Noticing the patient slumped
over in the recliner, you perform a quick visual survey. This includes which of the
following actions?
-determining the need for additional resources
-obtaining an initial impression of the patient
-assessing for safety
An adult patient has stopped breathing but has a pulse. Which action would be
appropriate?
Give 1 ventilation every 5 to 6 seconds
an adult patient who has collapsed is unresponsive. When conducting a rapid
assessment of the patient, you simultaneously check breathing and a carotid pulse for
at least 5 seconds, but no more than
10 seconds
An adult patient is unresponsive. You have opened their airway and are simultaneously
checking for breathing and a pulse. To check for normal breathing, which actions are
appropriate to do?
-look to see whether the chest rises and falls
-feel for breathing against the side of your cheek
-listen for escaping air
You are working with Mr. Henderson in the physical therapy center. He grimaces and
says: " I can't catch my breath." Then he collapses to the ground. You notice he
appears pale and cyanotic. What do you do first?
perform the shout-tap-shout sequence
