Growth and Development 1.1
Case Study 1: DNA and Genotyping
I. DNA Structure
- DNA: sequence of nucleotides attached to a chain of deoxyribose phosphates
- Adenine linked to Thymine: one hydrogen bond
- Cytosine linked to Guanine: two hydrogen bonds
- nucleosome: DNA wounds once around 8 H2, H1 binds the 8H2 together forming a
nucleosome
- methylation and condensins can tighten the binding
- nucleosome form 'pearl on a string' formation
- bound area: transcription
- unbound area: possible transcription
- sequence of nucleosomes/loose DNA are called chromatins
- chromosome: condensin condenses DNA, securin/cohesion maintain sister chromatids together
- telomeres are formed at the terminal end of chromosomes to protect the chromosomes from
degradation
- at replication telomeres are partially deleted: a cause of aging
- gene: section of DNA which codes for a protein
Case Study 1: DNA and Genotyping
I. DNA Structure
- DNA: sequence of nucleotides attached to a chain of deoxyribose phosphates
- Adenine linked to Thymine: one hydrogen bond
- Cytosine linked to Guanine: two hydrogen bonds
- nucleosome: DNA wounds once around 8 H2, H1 binds the 8H2 together forming a
nucleosome
- methylation and condensins can tighten the binding
- nucleosome form 'pearl on a string' formation
- bound area: transcription
- unbound area: possible transcription
- sequence of nucleosomes/loose DNA are called chromatins
- chromosome: condensin condenses DNA, securin/cohesion maintain sister chromatids together
- telomeres are formed at the terminal end of chromosomes to protect the chromosomes from
degradation
- at replication telomeres are partially deleted: a cause of aging
- gene: section of DNA which codes for a protein
