NURSING DL-F Final Exam Quizzes | Questions With Correct Answers )Latest Graded A+

NURSING DL-F Final Exam Quizzes | Questions With Correct Answers )Latest Graded A+. Which statement about research hypotheses is true? Selected Answer: A. Qualitative researchers do not develop a priori hypotheses prior to data collection. Answers: A. Qualitative researchers do not develop a priori hypotheses prior to data collection. B. Inductive hypotheses have a theory or conceptual framework as a starting point. C. Simple hypotheses make predictions about a single variable. D. Research articles typically stipulate the null hypotheses. Response Feedback: Quantitative researchers make specific predictions about relationships between variables, but qualitative researchers want to learn from participants without having a priori conjectures. Deductive (not inductive) hypotheses are deduced from general propositions (theories). Hypotheses involve two variables at a minimum—the independent and the dependent variable. Researchers seldom state their hypotheses in the null form.  Question 7 0 out of 10 points Which question is most likely to be a statement of purpose for a grounded theory study? Selected Answer: B. What are the cultural behaviors of immigrant Chinese women going through menopause? Answers: A. What is the process by which immigrant Chinese women adapt to transitions during menopause? B. What are the cultural behaviors of immigrant Chinese women going through menopause? C. What percentage of immigrant Chinese women going through menopause seek health care advice? D. What is the lived experience of immigrant Chinese women going through menopause? Response Feedback: Grounded theory studies focus on processes and social interactions. Cultural behaviors are studied in ethnographies, and phenomenologists focus on lived experiences. A quantitative study, rather than a qualitative one, would seek to learn the percentage of menopausal women who seek health care advice.  Question 8 10 out of 10 points Which sentence is a statement of purpose for a qualitative study? “The purpose of this study is to: Selected Answer: B. describe the lived experience of military veterans suffering from traumatic brain injury.” Answers: A. test the effectiveness of two alternative assessment procedures for reducing the risk of client falls.” B. describe the lived experience of military veterans suffering from traumatic brain injury.” C. examine the relationship between postpartum depression and marital status in new mothers.” D. examine whether men and women differ with regard to their quality of life following chemotherapy.” Response Feedback : Statements of purpose for a qualitative study focus on a phenomenon of interest, and verbs commonly associated with qualitative purpose statements include explore, describe, and understand. A purpose statement such as this one would be for a phenomenologic inquiry. Statements of purpose for quantitative studies identify key study variables and possible relationships between them, as in the other three options.  Question 9 10 out of 10 points What is the qualitative research tradition that is an approach to understanding people’s lived experiences? Selected Answer: A. Phenomenolo gic Answers: A. Phenomenolo gic B. Ethnographic C. Grounded theory D. Experimental Response Feedback: Phenomenology focuses on the lived experiences of humans and is an approach to learning what the life experiences of people are like and what they mean. Experimental research is not a qualitative research tradition. Neither grounded theory nor ethnography—both of which are qualitative research traditions—has lived experience as a central focal point of a study.  Question 10 10 out of 10 points What type of hypothesis is represented by the following prediction? “The fewer social supports an elderly person has, the more likely the individual will be institutionalized.” Selected Answer: C. Directional Answers: A. Nondirection al B. Null C. Directional D. Inductive Response Feedback: Directional hypotheses predict the direction of a relationship, and in this case, there is an explicit prediction about how social supports and institutionalization are related. Nondirectional hypotheses predict the existence of relationships, not their direction. Inductive hypotheses are based on a theory, which is not apparent in this example. Null hypotheses, which express the absence of a relationship, are the hypotheses subjected to statistical testing.  Question 1 10 out of 10 points All of the following are abstractions in which a nurse researcher might be interested. Which would most likely be called a construct? Selected Answer: C. Uncertainty in illness Answers: A. Age B. Body temperature C. Uncertainty in illness D. Client falls Response Feedback: Age, body temperature, and client falls are all abstractions of human characteristics or behaviors and are often scrutinized in nursing studies. Uncertainty in illness is another abstraction, but one that is more clearly constructed (invented) to designate a complex characteristic and so would be considered a construct.  Question 2 10 out of 10 points Which sentence is a statement of purpose for a qualitative study? “The purpose of this study is to: Selected Answer: C. describe the lived experience of military veterans suffering from traumatic brain injury.” Answers: A. examine whether men and women differ with regard to their quality of life following chemotherapy.” B. examine the relationship between postpartum depression and marital status in new mothers.” C. describe the lived experience of military veterans suffering from traumatic brain injury.” D. test the effectiveness of two alternative assessment procedures for reducing the risk of client falls.” Response Feedback : Statements of purpose for a qualitative study focus on a phenomenon of interest, and verbs commonly associated with qualitative purpose statements include explore, describe, and understand. A purpose statement such as this one would be for a phenomenologic inquiry. Statements of purpose for quantitative studies identify key study variables and possible relationships between them, as in the other three options.  Question 3 10 out of 10 points What are the two broad classes of quantitative studies? Selected Answer: A. Experimental and nonexperimental research Answers: A. Experimental and nonexperimental research B. Cause-probing and predictive research C. Quantitative and qualitative research D. Empirical and nonempirical research Response Feedback: A basic distinction in quantitative studies is between experimental research, in which researchers actively intervene (e.g., to test a new intervention), and nonexperimental (observational) research, in which researchers make observations of existing phenomena without intervening. All quantitative research is empirical. Many quantitative studies are cause-probing, and some are predictive, but these two types are not the basic distinction in quantitative research.  Question 4 10 out of 10 points In terms of the PICO framework for asking well-worded questions in an evidence search, a dependent variable corresponds to which component? Selected Answer: A. O Answers: A. O B. C C. P D. I Response Feedback: The dependent variable is an outcome variable—the “O” component. “P” stands for population, “I” stands for intervention or influence, and “C” stands for a comparator for “I.”  Question 5 0 out of 10 points Which term is not used by qualitative researchers to refer to people who participate in a study? Selected Answer: A. Key informants Answers: A. Key informants B. Subjects C. Study participants D. Informants Response Feedback: In a quantitative study, the people being studied are called subjects or study participants. In a qualitative study, the individuals cooperating in the study are called informants, key informants, or study participants. Qualitative researchers avoid using the term “subject” because it implies a passive role, and in qualitative research, the people being studied are considered full, active participants in the process.  Question 6 10 out of 10 points What is a research problem? Selected Answer: A. A situation involving a disturbing condition amenable to disciplined inquiry Answers: A. A situation involving a disturbing condition amenable to disciplined inquiry B. A specific query that researchers want to answer in addressing a problem C. A specific accomplishment that the researcher hopes to achieve by conducting a study D. An argument that spells out the basis for a new study Response Feedback: A research problem is an enigmatic or troubling condition that is amenable to systematic inquiry. A problem is not an argument, although the need to address the problem through research is described in a reasoned argument. Specific queries about the problem are articulated as research questions. The specific accomplishments researchers hope to achieve in a study are the research aims or objectives.  Question 7 10 out of 10 points Which statement about research hypotheses is true?