MC
MICROBIOLOGY & PARASITOLOGY
3
PRELIMS TOPIC
The Science of Microbiology Organisms that live on dead/decaying
organic matter
- Derived from Greek word - Bioremediation: the use of microorganisms to
o Mikros = small remove environmental pollutants
o Bios = life
o Logos = study of - Digestion: animals have microorganisms in their
digestive tract that are essential for digestion
- Study of organisms that can only be seen with
and vitamin synthesis
the aid of microscope
- Is the study of small life forms (microorganisms) o Cellulose digested by the ruminants
(cows, rabbits)
Branches of Microbiology
o Vitamin K and B synthesis on humans
1. Bacteriology
- Medicine: many antibiotics and other drugs are
2. Mycology
naturally synthesized by microbes
3. Virology
4. Phycology o Penicillin is made by a mold Penicillium
5. Protozoology Notatum
6. Parasitology
- Genetic Engineering: recent advances in gene
Microorganisms/microbes sphering allows us to design recombinant
microbes that produce important products
- are minute living things that individually are
o Human growth hormone (dwarfism)
usually too small to be seen with the unaided eye
- they are based/classified based according their o Insulin (diabetes)
ability to cause disease
o Non-pathogenic o Blood clotting factor (hemophilia)
Does not cause disease o Recombinant vaccines
o Pathogenic Hepatitis A and B vaccines
Disease-causing microorganisms o Human hemoglobin (emergency blood
substitute)
Example of Microbes
o Taxol (breast and ovarian cancer)
1. Bacteria/ Bacterium
2. Fungi/ Fungus o Erythropoietin (anemia)
3. Viruses/ Virus o Monoclonal antibodies (disease
diagnosis and prevention)
4. Algae/ Alga
5. Protozoa/ Protozoan - Food Industry: many important foods and
beverages are made with microbes
6. Parasites
Indigenous Flora/Normal flora
Note
- Normal Microbiota
Average diameter of microbes is 0.2 um (0.5-1.0
um) o Microorganisms that colonizes the host
1 um = 10−6 mm without causing diseases
Average length is 2.8 um Opportunistic Microorganisms/ opportunists
- Possesses the potential to cause diseases if they
Why study Microbiology? gain access a part of the body where they don’t
belong or when the host is compromised
- Microbes are essential for life on Earth
- to get to know the indigenous micro flora Categories of disease caused by Microorganisms
[beneficial bacteria] Infectious Results when a pathogen colonizes/
o Lactobacilli – digestive tract Disease inhabits the body and cause disease
o E. coli (non-pathogenic) – prevent other
microorganisms to get into our system Microbial Results when a person ingests a
Intoxication toxin/poisonous substance that has
- develop awareness on the presence of been produced in vitro/outside the body
opportunistic pathogens or opportunists
- to know that photosynthetic algae and bacteria
[cyanobacteria] releases oxygen into the
atmosphere
Importance of Microbes Infectious diseases causing most deaths in 1988
- Decomposers: break down dead and decaying Disease Cause Deaths/Year
matter and recycle nutrients that can be used by Acute respiratory Bacterial or 4,400,000
other organisms viral
o Saphrophytes
Hannah Adan 1
MICROBIOLOGY & PARASITOLOGY
3
PRELIMS TOPIC
The Science of Microbiology Organisms that live on dead/decaying
organic matter
- Derived from Greek word - Bioremediation: the use of microorganisms to
o Mikros = small remove environmental pollutants
o Bios = life
o Logos = study of - Digestion: animals have microorganisms in their
digestive tract that are essential for digestion
- Study of organisms that can only be seen with
and vitamin synthesis
the aid of microscope
- Is the study of small life forms (microorganisms) o Cellulose digested by the ruminants
(cows, rabbits)
Branches of Microbiology
o Vitamin K and B synthesis on humans
1. Bacteriology
- Medicine: many antibiotics and other drugs are
2. Mycology
naturally synthesized by microbes
3. Virology
4. Phycology o Penicillin is made by a mold Penicillium
5. Protozoology Notatum
6. Parasitology
- Genetic Engineering: recent advances in gene
Microorganisms/microbes sphering allows us to design recombinant
microbes that produce important products
- are minute living things that individually are
o Human growth hormone (dwarfism)
usually too small to be seen with the unaided eye
- they are based/classified based according their o Insulin (diabetes)
ability to cause disease
o Non-pathogenic o Blood clotting factor (hemophilia)
Does not cause disease o Recombinant vaccines
o Pathogenic Hepatitis A and B vaccines
Disease-causing microorganisms o Human hemoglobin (emergency blood
substitute)
Example of Microbes
o Taxol (breast and ovarian cancer)
1. Bacteria/ Bacterium
2. Fungi/ Fungus o Erythropoietin (anemia)
3. Viruses/ Virus o Monoclonal antibodies (disease
diagnosis and prevention)
4. Algae/ Alga
5. Protozoa/ Protozoan - Food Industry: many important foods and
beverages are made with microbes
6. Parasites
Indigenous Flora/Normal flora
Note
- Normal Microbiota
Average diameter of microbes is 0.2 um (0.5-1.0
um) o Microorganisms that colonizes the host
1 um = 10−6 mm without causing diseases
Average length is 2.8 um Opportunistic Microorganisms/ opportunists
- Possesses the potential to cause diseases if they
Why study Microbiology? gain access a part of the body where they don’t
belong or when the host is compromised
- Microbes are essential for life on Earth
- to get to know the indigenous micro flora Categories of disease caused by Microorganisms
[beneficial bacteria] Infectious Results when a pathogen colonizes/
o Lactobacilli – digestive tract Disease inhabits the body and cause disease
o E. coli (non-pathogenic) – prevent other
microorganisms to get into our system Microbial Results when a person ingests a
Intoxication toxin/poisonous substance that has
- develop awareness on the presence of been produced in vitro/outside the body
opportunistic pathogens or opportunists
- to know that photosynthetic algae and bacteria
[cyanobacteria] releases oxygen into the
atmosphere
Importance of Microbes Infectious diseases causing most deaths in 1988
- Decomposers: break down dead and decaying Disease Cause Deaths/Year
matter and recycle nutrients that can be used by Acute respiratory Bacterial or 4,400,000
other organisms viral
o Saphrophytes
Hannah Adan 1
