SCI2023 – Inorganic Chemistry
Periodic table of Element Study Guide
Construction of periodic table
- What is the difference between element, compound and mixture?
Element Compound Mixture
Substances that contains
Substances that cannot
two or more elements Two or more substance
be reduced to simpler
that are chemically that physically combined
materials either by
combined together. It in any proportion and no
physical or chemical
can be broken down by new substance is formed
change
simple chemical reaction
Copper(Cu), Hydrogen (H) Sodium Chloride (NaCl) Sand+rock
- What is Schrödinger equation for?
o Describe wave properties of an electron in terms of its position, mass, total
energy and potential energy
o Wavefunctions obtained by solving the Schrödinger equation is called as
quantum number (n,l,m,s)
o What are nodes? In orbitals
- Electron configuration principle
o Aufbau principle
▪ Fill lower energy orbital first
o Hund’s Rule
▪ Pairing happen after all degenerate orbitals is filled with one
electron each
o Pauli Exclusion
▪ Each electron in an orbital must have different spin
, - What is chemical bonds?
Metallic bonds Ionic bond Covalent bond
Formed between metallic
Metal + non-metal Non-metal+Non-metal
elements
Formed when atomic
Formed by electrostatic orbitals overlap
Metal+metal (alloy)
forces - Sigma bond
- Pi bond
Lewis-dot structure Lewis structure
- Molecular geometry summary
Periodic Tables: Understanding the trends
- Key terms
o Atomic size@radius
o Trend untuk IE dgn EA adalah sama
o Ionization Energy (IE)
▪ Amount of energy needed to remove an electron from a gaseous
atom
▪ Increase in IE results in more energy needed to remove the electron
due to increase in nucleus attraction
▪ High shielding effect, low IE
▪ Exceptions: -
• Alkaline metals (group2) - greater IE and EA than group 13
• Group 15 – greater IE than group 16
Periodic table of Element Study Guide
Construction of periodic table
- What is the difference between element, compound and mixture?
Element Compound Mixture
Substances that contains
Substances that cannot
two or more elements Two or more substance
be reduced to simpler
that are chemically that physically combined
materials either by
combined together. It in any proportion and no
physical or chemical
can be broken down by new substance is formed
change
simple chemical reaction
Copper(Cu), Hydrogen (H) Sodium Chloride (NaCl) Sand+rock
- What is Schrödinger equation for?
o Describe wave properties of an electron in terms of its position, mass, total
energy and potential energy
o Wavefunctions obtained by solving the Schrödinger equation is called as
quantum number (n,l,m,s)
o What are nodes? In orbitals
- Electron configuration principle
o Aufbau principle
▪ Fill lower energy orbital first
o Hund’s Rule
▪ Pairing happen after all degenerate orbitals is filled with one
electron each
o Pauli Exclusion
▪ Each electron in an orbital must have different spin
, - What is chemical bonds?
Metallic bonds Ionic bond Covalent bond
Formed between metallic
Metal + non-metal Non-metal+Non-metal
elements
Formed when atomic
Formed by electrostatic orbitals overlap
Metal+metal (alloy)
forces - Sigma bond
- Pi bond
Lewis-dot structure Lewis structure
- Molecular geometry summary
Periodic Tables: Understanding the trends
- Key terms
o Atomic size@radius
o Trend untuk IE dgn EA adalah sama
o Ionization Energy (IE)
▪ Amount of energy needed to remove an electron from a gaseous
atom
▪ Increase in IE results in more energy needed to remove the electron
due to increase in nucleus attraction
▪ High shielding effect, low IE
▪ Exceptions: -
• Alkaline metals (group2) - greater IE and EA than group 13
• Group 15 – greater IE than group 16
