PHARMACOLOGY: ANTIBIOTICS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (2023/2024) (VERIFIED ANSWERS)

ESTUDY PHARMACOLOGY: ANTIBIOTICS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (2023/2024) (VERIFIED ANSWERS) antibiotic - ANSWER having the ability to destroy or interfere with the development of a living organism. the term issued most commonly to refer to antibacterial drugs antiseptic - ANSWER one of two types of topical antimicrobial agents; a chemical that inhib its the growth and reproduction of microorganisms without necessarily killing them. also called static agents bactericidal antibiotics - ANSWER antibiotics that kill bacteria bacteriostatic antibiotics - ANSWER antibiotics that do not actually ki ll bacteria but rather inhibit their growth beta -lactam - ANSWER the designation for a broad class of antibiotics that includes 4 subclasses: penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams; so named because of the bata -lactam ring that is p art of the chemical structure of all drugs in this class ESTUDY bata -lactamse - ANSWER any group of enzymes produced by bacteria that catalyze the chemical opening of the crucial beta -lactam ring structures in beta -lactam antibiotics beta -lactamase inhibito rs - ANSWER medications combined with certain penicillin drugs to block the effect of beta -lactamase enzymes colonization - ANSWER the establishment and growth of microorganisms in the skin, open wounds, or mucous membranes, or in secretions without causing infection community -associated infection - ANSWER an infection that is acquired by persons who have not been hos pitalized or has a medical procedure recently definitive therapy - ANSWER the administration of antibiotics based on known results of culture and sensitivity testing identifying the pathogen causing infection disinfectant ESTUDY - ANSWER one of 2 types of topical antimicrobial agents; a chemical is applied to nonliving objects to kill microorganisms. also called cidal agents empiric therapy - ANSWER the administration of antibiotics based on the practitioners judgment of the pathogens most likely to be causing an apparent infection; it involves the presumptive treatment of an infection to avoid treatment delay before specific culture information has been obtained glucose -6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency - ANSWER an inherited disorder in which the red blood cells are partially or completely deficient in glucose -6-phosphate dehydrogenase, a critical enzyme in the metabolism of glucose. certain medications can cause hemolytic anemia in patients with this disorder. this is an example of a host factor related to drug therapy health care -associated infection - ANSWER an infection that is acquired during the course of receiving treatment for another condition in a health care facility. this infection is not present or incubating at the ti me of admission; also known as nosocomial infection host factors - ANSWER factors that are unique to a particular patient that affect the patients susceptibility to infection and response to various antibiotic drugs. examples include a low neutrophil count or lack of immunoglobulins in the blood that carry antibodies infections