What is physiology?
Study of how the body functions
How the 11 organ systems' chemicals and cells all work
together to carry out chemical and physical functions and
processes.
Life processes of human body are maintained at
levels
Chemical level
Cellular level
Tissue level
Organ level
Organ system level
Cells level
Terminology
ANATOMY- the structure of body structures
Where a structure may be located and what it might be used
for
PHYSIOLOGY-how living organism perform their functions
HOMEOSTASIS - how the internal environment stays stable
DISORDER- is an irregularity or disturbance of normal body
function
DISEASE- Process in the body with a specific cause and
characratistic symptoms
SIGN- an objective indication of disease MESSUREABLE
,SYMPTOM-an indication of disease NOT MESSURABLE -
TIREDNESS NAUSUA
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION- signs and symptoms
Medical
terminology
Universal language that enables health professionals to
communicate with one another
Medical terms are made up of parts of words or building blocks
Prefects
word elements attached to the beginning of words to modify
meaning
A=Without
IA- CONDITION
Hypo-under
Hyper-above
Brady-slow
Tachy-fast
WORD ROOTS
Root word in the middle
Cardia-heart
Dermia-skin
Gaster-stomach
Athros-joint
Therme heat
Kinen- to move
Myo- muscle
Siffixes
Itis- inflamation
Ia-state or condition
,Body terms
Always clients left and right sides from mid line when
orientating
In relation to body parts
SUPERIOR- above directly
INFIRIOR- below
MEDIAL- towards midline
LATERAL- away from midline when comparing something
The eyes are lateral to the noes as they are not directly above
PROXIMAL-toward point of atachment of limb to the trunk
Elbow is proximal to solder
DISTAL- away from point of attachment of limb to the trunk
Wrist is distal from shoulder
Comparing 2 limbs on the body from attachment
SUPERFICAL-near surface
DEEP- far from surface
POSTERIOR-back surface
Spine to breast bone
ANTERIOR- frount surface
DORSAL-back
VENTRAL-belly
CAUDAL- toward the tail
Planes
Imaginal lines through the body to display certain parts and see
whats going on
Transverse ,horizontal, cross-sectional - separate the body
into a top and bottom part superior and inferior part
Doesn’t have to be equal just horizontal to the floor
Sagittal plane- parell to midline left divides into an equal
right and left section
Parasagittal- divides the body into an uneven left and right side
, Frontal, coronal plane- parell to long axis
Front view and back view- posterior and anterior
BODY CAVITIES
Closed fluid field cavities
Protect the organs
Permits change in organ shape
Thoracic cavity
In the chest- loungs and heart
Abdominopelvic cavity
Most organs in stomach
Levels of organization
Cellular level
Smallest living unit in the body
Tissues level
group of cells working together to preform on or more specific
functions
Organ level
Organs are made up of two or more tissues working together to
preform specific functions
Organ system level
Group of organs that interact to preform particular functions
Organism level
Individual life form i.e. person made up of 11 organ systems
Chemical level, cellular level, tissue
level,
organ level, organ system, organism
level
Study of how the body functions
How the 11 organ systems' chemicals and cells all work
together to carry out chemical and physical functions and
processes.
Life processes of human body are maintained at
levels
Chemical level
Cellular level
Tissue level
Organ level
Organ system level
Cells level
Terminology
ANATOMY- the structure of body structures
Where a structure may be located and what it might be used
for
PHYSIOLOGY-how living organism perform their functions
HOMEOSTASIS - how the internal environment stays stable
DISORDER- is an irregularity or disturbance of normal body
function
DISEASE- Process in the body with a specific cause and
characratistic symptoms
SIGN- an objective indication of disease MESSUREABLE
,SYMPTOM-an indication of disease NOT MESSURABLE -
TIREDNESS NAUSUA
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION- signs and symptoms
Medical
terminology
Universal language that enables health professionals to
communicate with one another
Medical terms are made up of parts of words or building blocks
Prefects
word elements attached to the beginning of words to modify
meaning
A=Without
IA- CONDITION
Hypo-under
Hyper-above
Brady-slow
Tachy-fast
WORD ROOTS
Root word in the middle
Cardia-heart
Dermia-skin
Gaster-stomach
Athros-joint
Therme heat
Kinen- to move
Myo- muscle
Siffixes
Itis- inflamation
Ia-state or condition
,Body terms
Always clients left and right sides from mid line when
orientating
In relation to body parts
SUPERIOR- above directly
INFIRIOR- below
MEDIAL- towards midline
LATERAL- away from midline when comparing something
The eyes are lateral to the noes as they are not directly above
PROXIMAL-toward point of atachment of limb to the trunk
Elbow is proximal to solder
DISTAL- away from point of attachment of limb to the trunk
Wrist is distal from shoulder
Comparing 2 limbs on the body from attachment
SUPERFICAL-near surface
DEEP- far from surface
POSTERIOR-back surface
Spine to breast bone
ANTERIOR- frount surface
DORSAL-back
VENTRAL-belly
CAUDAL- toward the tail
Planes
Imaginal lines through the body to display certain parts and see
whats going on
Transverse ,horizontal, cross-sectional - separate the body
into a top and bottom part superior and inferior part
Doesn’t have to be equal just horizontal to the floor
Sagittal plane- parell to midline left divides into an equal
right and left section
Parasagittal- divides the body into an uneven left and right side
, Frontal, coronal plane- parell to long axis
Front view and back view- posterior and anterior
BODY CAVITIES
Closed fluid field cavities
Protect the organs
Permits change in organ shape
Thoracic cavity
In the chest- loungs and heart
Abdominopelvic cavity
Most organs in stomach
Levels of organization
Cellular level
Smallest living unit in the body
Tissues level
group of cells working together to preform on or more specific
functions
Organ level
Organs are made up of two or more tissues working together to
preform specific functions
Organ system level
Group of organs that interact to preform particular functions
Organism level
Individual life form i.e. person made up of 11 organ systems
Chemical level, cellular level, tissue
level,
organ level, organ system, organism
level
