Pregnancy Changes - Ch 4 Questions With Complete Solutions

4. Which finding in the urine analysis of a pregnant woman is considered a variation of normal? a. Proteinuria b. Glycosuria c. Bacteria d. Ketonuria correct answer: ANS: B Small amounts of glucose may indicate "physiologic spilling," which occurs because the filtered load exceeds the renal tubules' ability to absorb them. The presence of protein could indicate kidney disease or preeclampsia. Urinary tract infections are associated with bacteria in the urine. An increase in ketones indicates that the patient is exercising too strenuously or has an inadequate fluid and food intake. Which suggestion is appropriate for the pregnant woman who is experiencing nausea and vomiting? a. Eat only three meals a day so the stomach is empty between meals. b. Drink plenty of fluids with each meal. c. Eat dry crackers or toast before arising in the morning. d. Drink coffee or orange juice immediately on arising in the morning. correct answer: ANS: C This will assist with the symptoms of morning sickness. It is also important for the woman to arise slowly. Instruct the woman to eat five to six small meals rather than three full meals per day. Nausea is more intense when the stomach is empty. Fluids should be taken separately from meals. Fluids overstretch the stomach and may precipitate vomiting.Coffee and orange juice stimulate acid formation in the stomach. It is best to suggest eating dry carbohydrates when rising in the morning. Which statement related to changes in the breasts during pregnancy is the most accurate? a. During the early weeks of pregnancy there is decreased sensitivity. b. Nipples and areolae become more pigmented. c. Montgomery tubercles are no longer visible around the nipples. d. Venous congestion of the breasts is more visible in the multiparous woman. correct answer: ANS: B Nipples and areolae become more pigmented, and the nipples become more erectile and may express colostrum. Fullness, heightened sensitivity, tingling, and heaviness of the breasts occur in the early weeks of gestation in response to increased levels of estrogen and progesterone. Montgomery tubercles may be seen around the nipples. These sebaceous glands may have a protective role in that they keep the nipples lubricated