WGU Bio-Chemistry C785 - Module 1, Questions and answers, VERIFIED.

WGU Bio-Chemistry C785 - Module 1, Questions and answers, VERIFIED. Central dogma of molecular biology - -DNA - RNA - Protein a portion of the DNA, a gene, is transcribed to produce a complementary strand of RNA; then the RNA is translated into protein . -The understanding that DNA is used to make RNA and RNA is used to make protein Polymer - -A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together. ex nucleic acids (dna rna) Nucleotides KEY CONCEPTS - --Nucleic acids are polymers of nucleotides. A nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and one or more phosphate groups. -DNA contains adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine deoxyribonucleotides, whereas RNA contains adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil ribonucleotides. -DNA is double-stranded and forms a double helix structure that allows for information storage. Prior to dividing , a cell copies all of its DNA using -DNA replication to ensure all new cells have the DNA they need. -DNA Replication involves the formation of a replication fork, addition of RNA primers to create a "handle" for DNA polymerase, synthesis of the new DNA strand by DNA polymerase, and sealing the DNA backbone by DNA ligase. -RNA is single-stranded and is grouped into three types of RNA: messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA). All three types of RNA play an important role in the central dogma. two types of nucleic acids - -deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) DNA and RNA are - -nucleic acids and polymers, which means they are made up of many smaller units (monomers) connected together, much like a string of pearls. The monomers of nucleic acids are known as nucleotides. Each nucleotide includes a nitrogen-containing base, a five-carbon sugar or pentose (pente means "five