NUR 514 / NUR514 EXAM 5 RENAL CONCEPTS. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES

65. Which patient diagnosis or treatment is most consistent with prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI)? A. IV tobramycin B. Incompatible blood transfusion C. Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis D. Dissecting abdominal aortic aneurysm 66. A patient donated a kidney via a laparoscopic donor nephrectomy to a nonrelated recipient. The patient is having significant pain and refuses to get up to walk. How should the nurse respond? A. Allow the patient to rest and try again tomorrow. B. Encourage a short walk around the patient's room. C. Have the transplant psychologist convince her to walk. D. Tell the patient she is lucky she did not have an open nephrectomy. 67. Which statement about continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) would be most important when teaching a patient new to the treatment? A. "Maintain a daily written record of blood pressure and weight." B. "It is essential that you maintain aseptic technique to prevent peritonitis." C. "You will be allowed a more liberal protein diet once you complete CAPD." D. "Continue regular medical and nursing follow-up visits while performing CAPD." 68. The nurse is caring for a patient who is in the oliguric phase of acute kidney disease. Which action would be appropriate to include in the plan of care? A. Provide foods high in potassium. B. Restrict fluids based on urine output. C. Monitor output from peritoneal dialysis. D. Offer high-protein snacks between meals. 69. A patient with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease has a serum potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. Which finding will the nurse monitor for? A. Fatigue B. Dysrhythmias C. Hypoglycemia D. Elevated triglycerides 70. A with stage 3 CKD is being taught about a low-potassium diet. The nurse knows the patient understands the diet when the patient selects which foods to eat? A. Apple, green beans, and a roast beef sandwich B. Granola made with dried fruits, nuts, and seeds C. Watermelon and ice cream with chocolate sauce D. Bran cereal with ½ banana and milk and orange juice 71. The home care nurse visits a patient receiving peritoneal dialysis. Which statement indicates a need for immediate follow-up by the nurse? A. "Drain time is faster if I rub my abdomen." B. "The fluid draining from the catheter is cloudy." C. "The drainage is bloody when I have my period." D. "I wash around the catheter with soap and water." 72. A patient with a 25-year history of type 1 diabetes is reporting fatigue, edema, and an irregular heartbeat. On assessment, the nurse notes newly developed hypertension and uncontrolled blood glucose levels. Which diagnostic study is most indicative of chronic kidney disease (CKD)? A. Serum creatinine B. Serum potassium C. Microalbuminuria D. Calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 73. A nurse is caring for a client who has impaired renal function. For which of the following findings should the nurse notify the provider? A. First-voided urine in the morning has a strong odor B. Urine output of 2,200 mL in the past 24 hr C. Urine output of 175 mL in the past 8 hours D. Urine is cloudy after sitting in the urinal for 6 hr 74. A nurse is discussing kidney transplant with a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Which of the following should the nurse identify as a contraindication for this treatment? A. Pacemaker B. Breast cancer survivor for 8 years C. 65-years of age D. Alcohol use disorder 75. A nurse is discussing laboratory values associated with the renal system with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the values? A. BUN is decreased in clients who have dehydration. B. Potassium levels are increased in clients who have polyuria. C. Creatinine levels are increased in clients who have acute kidney injury. D. Specific gravity is decreased in clients who have hypovolemia. 76. A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Which of the following are expected findings? (Select all that apply). A. Hypotension B. Bone pain C. Slurred speech D. Bradypnea. E. Pruritus 77. A nurse is teaching a client who has urolithiasis (renal calculi). The nurse should explain that which of the following conditions can increase the risk for renal calculi? A. Iron deficiency B. Protein in the urine C. Dehydration D. Obesity