Chapter 11: Antiviral Drugs Introductory Clinical Pharmacology 12th Edition by Susan M Ford

Introductory Clinical Pharmacology 12th Edition by Susan M Ford 1. A nurse is obtaining the medication history of a client who is to start acyclovir. The nurse discovers this client is currently taking theophylline. The nurse should question the use of acyclovir due to which contraindication? a. Increases the risk for acyclovir toxicity b. Increases the risk of seizures in clients with respiratory problems c. Increases serum level of theophylline in clients taking theophylline d. Increased serum levels of antiviral valacyclovir Answer: C Rationale: When clients receiving theophylline treatment are administered acyclovir, there is an increase in the serum level of theophylline, thus placing the client at risk for theophylline toxicity. The serum levels of acyclovir do not increase. Increased levels of valacyclovir occur if the client is taking valacyclovir, not theophylline. Taking acyclovir with theophylline does not increase the risk of seizures. Question Format: Multiple Choice Chapter: 11 Learning Objective: 5 Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential Integrated Process: Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process) Reference: p. 129, Unlabeled Use of Antiviral Drugs 2. The nurse monitoring a client receiving saquinavir assesses the client for responses. Which reaction requires priority response? a. Increase in client's weight b. Evidence of liver dysfunction c. Photosensitivity d. Allergic skin reaction Answer: A Rationale: Clients taking saquinavir experience redistribution of body fat, with the movement to the center of the body. The nurse should spend time with these clients, encouraging them to verbalize their feelings regarding this change in appearance. Taking saquinavir does not cause liver dysfunction, photosensitivity, or any allergic skin reactions. Question Format: Multiple Choice Chapter: 11 Learning Objective: 5 Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies Integrated Process: Clinical Problem-solving Process (Nursing Process) Reference: p. 137, Disturbed Body Image 3. The nurse is preparing discharge planning and education for a client who will continue antiviral therapy at home. Which points should the nurse include in the teaching session? a. “A slight elevation in temperature is normal and needn't be reported.” b. “Double the dosage of the drug if you miss a dose.” c. “Stop taking the drug as soon as the symptoms of the infection disappear.” d. “Make sure to notify your primary health care provider if you develop any adverse reactions.” Answer: D Rationale: The nurse should instruct the client to report adverse reactions to the primary health care provider. The nurse should also tell the client to report any increase in temperature, even if it is a slight increase. If the client misses a dose, the next dose should be taken as soon as remembered, but it should not be doubled. The nurse should also instruct the client to take the drug exactly as directed for the full course of therapy, even if the symptoms of the infection disappear. Question Format: Multiple Choice Chapter: 11 Learning Objective: 5 Cognitive Level: Apply Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning Reference: p. 138, Educating the Client and Family 4. The nurse notes a 25-year-old female client who is to begin antiretroviral therapy is currently taking oral contraceptives. The nurse should point out the combination can result in which interaction? a. Decreased effectiveness of antiviral therapy b. Increased risk of vaginal bleeding c. Decreased effectiveness of birth control pills d. Increased serum level of the antiretroviral