NBME CBSE Exam Questions and Answers
Bulbus cordis
Smooth parts (outflow tract) of left and right ventricles
endocardial cushions
Atrial septum, membranous interventricular septum; AV and semilunar valves
neural crest
Brainpower
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left horn of the sinus venosus
coronary sinus
posterior, sub cardinal, and supra cardinal veins
IVC
Right common cardinal vein and right anterior cardinal vein
SVC
Right horn of sinus venosus
Smooth part of right atrium (sinus venarum)
Patent foramen ovale
failure of septum primum and septum secundum to fuse after birth
Transposition of the great vessels
Tetralogy of Fallot
Persistent truncus arteriosus
, Conotruncal abnormalities associated with failure of neural crest cells to migrate
ductus venosus
connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver
becomes ligamentum venosum
phrenic nerve
innervates the diaphragm and pericardium
S3 heart sound
Increased ventricular filling pressure (e.g., mitral regurgitation, HF), common in dilated
ventricles
normal in kids and pregnant women
S4 heart sound
atrial kick late diastole, right before S1
best heard at apex in LLD position
High atrial pressure.
Stiff/hypertrophic ventricle (aortic stenosis, restrictive cardiomyopathy)
Always abnormal
atria contract
a wave of JVP
c wave
RV contraction (closed tricuspid valve bulging into atrium) wave of JVP
x descent
JVP wave corresponding to downward displacement of closed tricuspid valve during rapid
ventricular ejection phase
reduced or absent in tricuspid regurge
V wave
Bulbus cordis
Smooth parts (outflow tract) of left and right ventricles
endocardial cushions
Atrial septum, membranous interventricular septum; AV and semilunar valves
neural crest
Brainpower
Read More
Previous
Play
Next
Rewind 10 seconds
Move forward 10 seconds
Unmute
0:14
/
0:15
Full screen
left horn of the sinus venosus
coronary sinus
posterior, sub cardinal, and supra cardinal veins
IVC
Right common cardinal vein and right anterior cardinal vein
SVC
Right horn of sinus venosus
Smooth part of right atrium (sinus venarum)
Patent foramen ovale
failure of septum primum and septum secundum to fuse after birth
Transposition of the great vessels
Tetralogy of Fallot
Persistent truncus arteriosus
, Conotruncal abnormalities associated with failure of neural crest cells to migrate
ductus venosus
connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver
becomes ligamentum venosum
phrenic nerve
innervates the diaphragm and pericardium
S3 heart sound
Increased ventricular filling pressure (e.g., mitral regurgitation, HF), common in dilated
ventricles
normal in kids and pregnant women
S4 heart sound
atrial kick late diastole, right before S1
best heard at apex in LLD position
High atrial pressure.
Stiff/hypertrophic ventricle (aortic stenosis, restrictive cardiomyopathy)
Always abnormal
atria contract
a wave of JVP
c wave
RV contraction (closed tricuspid valve bulging into atrium) wave of JVP
x descent
JVP wave corresponding to downward displacement of closed tricuspid valve during rapid
ventricular ejection phase
reduced or absent in tricuspid regurge
V wave
