Gen Psych Test 2 100% Solved

Gen Psych Test 2 100% Solved Behaviorists believe that human behavior is primarily the result of - Answer-conditioned responses anything in your situation (event) that involves some sort of response - Answer-stimulus the behavior that occurs automatically as a rule of the stimulus (ex. stressed out nervous when you see blue lights) - Answer-response motor or neural reactions - Answer-reflexes triggered by broader events like aging or seasons (ex. migration in butterflies) - Answer- instincts a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience - Answer-learning occurs when an organism makes connections between stimuli or events that occur simultaneously (ex. lightning and thunder) - Answer-associative learning organisms learn to associate events-or stimuli- that repeatedly happen together - Answer-classical conditioning organisms learn to associate events-a behavior and its consequence (reinforcement or punishment) - Answer-operant conditioning the process of watching others and then imitating what they do - Answer-observational learning elicits a reflective response - Answer-unconditioned stimulus (UCS) natural, unlearned reaction to UCS - Answer-unconditional response (UCR) presented immediately before UCS - Answer-neutral stimulus neutral stimulus becomes CS after being associated with UCS - Answer-conditioned stimulus (CS) learned response to previously neutral stimulus - Answer-conditioned response (CR) using a conditioned stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus to get an unconditional response - Answer-higher order/second order conditioning the initial phase of learning where the response is established (has to be predictable) - Answer-acquisition conditional stimulus and unconditioned stimulus may not happen at the same time - Answer-extinction reoccurrence of the previous condition response after some time has past - Answer- spontaneous recovery the organism learns to respond differently to stimuli that are similar - Answer-stimulus discrimination the condition response to stimuli that are similar to the condition stimulus (might want to work on stimulus discrimination) - Answer-stimulus generalization occurs when we learn to not respond to stimuli that is presented repeatedly and we ignore it - Answer-habituation fear responses in Little Albert (attempting to create a phobia within Little Albert) - Answer-Watson and Rayner form of learning that is not immediately expressed in an overt response (may not be evident until there is a reason to demonstrate it) (rats are going to be quicker to get through the maze when there is food at the end) - Answer-latent learning steps to observational learning - Answer-attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation when the adult models the behavior the child is more likely to do it - Answer-Bandura's Bobo doll study organisms learn to associate behaviors with their consequences - Answer-operant conditioning behavior that is followed by pleasant consequences will be repeated and behaviors that are followed by unpleasant consequences will be discouraged - Answer-Thorndike's Law of effect adding a desired stimulus to reinforce doing the homework (telling a kid they will get ice cream if they do their homework) - Answer-positive reinforcement adding something negative to increase the positive response (putting a seatbelt on to make the beeping stop in the car) - Answer-negative reinforcement adding something unpleasant to decrease the behavior - Answer-positive punishment removing something desirable so you decrease behavior (get phone taken away as punishment) - Answer-negative punishment successive approximations of the target behavior are rewarded (giving a treat after dolly rings the bell) (baby steps) - Answer-shaping innate reinforcing qualities (food, water shelter) (things that everyone needs) - Answer- primary reinforcer no inherent value by itself but it is linked with something else (important to one specific person) - Answer-secondary reinforcer reinforced every time the action is done - Answer-continuous reinforcemen