Maternity Exam 1
Infant Mortality Rate
The percentage of children who die before their first birthday within a particular area or country.
Maternal Mortality Rate
The number of women who die giving birth per 100,000 births
Current Trends affecting Perinatal and women's health nursing
Primary hospital births
Women labor, birth, and recover in the same room
Birthing room warm and homelike
Expectant partners, family, and friends involved in labor and birth experience
Expectant partner or family member in OR during C-section
Labor pain interventions natural childbirth, labor support techniques, analgesics, epidurals, nitrous oxide
Hospital postpartum stay if 48 hours or fewer, birth center stay of 6 hours, in home birth
Infant mortality rate of 5.7/1000 births
Birth defects, prematurity, LBW leading causes of infant mortality
Maternal mortality rate 17.4/100,000 live births
Induction of labor rate of 24.5%
C section rate 31.7%
Increased survival rate for infants born between 24-28 weeks of gestation
Current issues
Teen Pregnancy
Tobacco
,Substance use
Meds
Obesity
Violence
STI
Climate change
Depression and perinatal mood disorders
Racism
Health disparities
The cultural difference when providing care for the maternal-child dyad
Beneficence
to do good
Nonmaleficence
do no harm
Fidelity
Accountable for your responsibilities and loyal to your commitments
Veracity
truthfulness
,Autonomy
Freedom of choice
Justice
the equal and fair distribution of resources, regardless of other factors
Dilemma examples
Court ordered treatment
Withdrawal of life support
Harvesting fetal organs or tissues
IVF and decisions for disposal of remaining fertilized ova
Allocation of resources in pregnancy care during previable period
Fetal surgery
Treatment of genetic disorders or fetal abnormalities found on prenatal screen
Maternal vs fetal rights
Cloning
Genetic engineering
Fetal reduction
Preconception gender selection
Sex selection
Borderline viability
Substance abuse in pregnancy
Drug testing in pregnancy
Using organs from anencephalic infant
Equal access to prenatal care
, sanctity of life vs quality of life for extremely premature or severely disabled infants
x linked
A gene carried on the X chromosome. If a male inherits an X-linked recessive trait from his mother, he
expresses that trait because the Y from his father has no counteracting gene. Females are more likely to
be carriers of X-linked traits but are less likely to express them.
X linked ex
Hemophilia
DMD
Y-linked
Only males have Y chromosomes, passed from fathers to sons, all Y-linked traits are expressed
Recessive
An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present; require 2 alleles to be expressed
Recessive ex
Sickle cell
CF
Tay-Sachs disease
PKU
Infant Mortality Rate
The percentage of children who die before their first birthday within a particular area or country.
Maternal Mortality Rate
The number of women who die giving birth per 100,000 births
Current Trends affecting Perinatal and women's health nursing
Primary hospital births
Women labor, birth, and recover in the same room
Birthing room warm and homelike
Expectant partners, family, and friends involved in labor and birth experience
Expectant partner or family member in OR during C-section
Labor pain interventions natural childbirth, labor support techniques, analgesics, epidurals, nitrous oxide
Hospital postpartum stay if 48 hours or fewer, birth center stay of 6 hours, in home birth
Infant mortality rate of 5.7/1000 births
Birth defects, prematurity, LBW leading causes of infant mortality
Maternal mortality rate 17.4/100,000 live births
Induction of labor rate of 24.5%
C section rate 31.7%
Increased survival rate for infants born between 24-28 weeks of gestation
Current issues
Teen Pregnancy
Tobacco
,Substance use
Meds
Obesity
Violence
STI
Climate change
Depression and perinatal mood disorders
Racism
Health disparities
The cultural difference when providing care for the maternal-child dyad
Beneficence
to do good
Nonmaleficence
do no harm
Fidelity
Accountable for your responsibilities and loyal to your commitments
Veracity
truthfulness
,Autonomy
Freedom of choice
Justice
the equal and fair distribution of resources, regardless of other factors
Dilemma examples
Court ordered treatment
Withdrawal of life support
Harvesting fetal organs or tissues
IVF and decisions for disposal of remaining fertilized ova
Allocation of resources in pregnancy care during previable period
Fetal surgery
Treatment of genetic disorders or fetal abnormalities found on prenatal screen
Maternal vs fetal rights
Cloning
Genetic engineering
Fetal reduction
Preconception gender selection
Sex selection
Borderline viability
Substance abuse in pregnancy
Drug testing in pregnancy
Using organs from anencephalic infant
Equal access to prenatal care
, sanctity of life vs quality of life for extremely premature or severely disabled infants
x linked
A gene carried on the X chromosome. If a male inherits an X-linked recessive trait from his mother, he
expresses that trait because the Y from his father has no counteracting gene. Females are more likely to
be carriers of X-linked traits but are less likely to express them.
X linked ex
Hemophilia
DMD
Y-linked
Only males have Y chromosomes, passed from fathers to sons, all Y-linked traits are expressed
Recessive
An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present; require 2 alleles to be expressed
Recessive ex
Sickle cell
CF
Tay-Sachs disease
PKU
