FUNDAMENTALS OF PROFESSIONAL NURSING (N150A) PRACTICE TEST
1. What best describes nurses as a care provider?
A. Determine client’s need
B. Provide direct nursing care
C. Help client recognize and cope with stressful psychological situation
D. Works in combined effort with all those involved in patient’s care
Rationale: A. You can never provide nursing care if you don't know what are the needs of the
client. How can you provide an effective postural drainage if you do not know where is the bulk
of the client's secretion? Therefore, the best description of a care provider is the accurate and
prompt determination of the client's need to be able to render an appropriate nursing care.
Reference: Fundamentals of Nursing, Kozier and Erb’s
Core competency: CORE COMPETENCY 1: Demonstrate knowledge based on health/illness
status of individual/ groups
Nursing process: assessment
Cognitive domain: knowledge
2. Refers to the degree of resistance the potential host has against a certain pathogen
A. Susceptibility
B. Immunity
C. Virulence
D. Etiology
Rationale: a. Immunity is the ABSOLUTE Resistance to a pathogen considering that person
has an INTACT IMMUNITY while susceptibility is the DEGREE of resistanca. Degree of
resistance means how well the individual would combat the pathogens and repel infection or
invasion of these disease causing organisms. A susceptible person is someone who has a
very low degree of resistance to combat pathogens. An Immune person is someone that can
easily repel specific pathogens. However, remember that even if a person is IMMUNE
[Vaccination] Immunity can always be impaired in cases of chemotherapy, HIV, Burns, etc.
Reference: Fundamentals of Nursing, Kozier and Erb’s
Core competency: CORE COMPETENCY 1: Demonstrate knowledge based on health/illness
status of individual/ groups
Nursing process: assessment
Cognitive domain: knowledge
3. Diseases that result from changes in the normal structure, from recognizable
anatomical changes in an organ or body tissue is termed as
A. Functional
B. Occupational
, C. Inorganic
D. Organic
Rationale: d. As the word implies, ORGANIC Diseases are those that causes a CHANGE in the
structure of the organs and systems. Inorganic diseases is synonymous with FUNCTIONAL
diseases wherein, There is no evident structural, anatomical or physical change in the structure
of the organ or system but function is altered due to other causes, which is usually due to
abnormal response of the organ to stressors. Therefore, ORGANIC BRAIN SYNDROME are
anatomic and physiologic change in the BRAIN that is NON PROGRESSIVE BUT
IRREVERSIBLE caused by alteration in structure of the brain and it's supporting structure
which manifests different sign and symptoms of neurological, physiologic and psychologic
alterations. Mental disorders manifesting symptoms of psychoses without any evident organic
or structural damage are termed as INORGANIC PSYCHOSES while alteration in the organ
structures that causes symptoms of bizarre psychotic behavior is termed as ORGANIC
PSYCHOSES.
Reference: Fundamentals of Nursing, Kozier and Erb’s
Core competency: CORE COMPETENCY 1: Demonstrate knowledge based on health/illness
status of individual/ groups
Nursing process: assessment
Cognitive domain: knowledge
4. In what level of prevention according to Leavell and Clark does the nurse support the
client in obtaining OPTIMAL HEALTH STATUS after a disease or injury?
A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Tertiary
D. None of the above
Rationale: c. Perhaps one of the easiest concept but asked frequently in the NLA. Primary
refers to preventions that aim in preventing the diseasa. Examples are healthy lifestyle, good
nutrition, knowledge seeking behaviors etc. Secondary prevention deal with early diagnostics,
case finding and treatments. Examples are monthly breast self exam, Chest X-RAY, Antibiotic
treatment to cure infection, Iron therapy to treat anemia etc. Tertiary prevention aims on
maintaining optimum level of functioning during or after the impact of a disease that threatens
to alter the normal body functioninc. Examples are prosthetics fitting for an amputated leg after
an accident, Self-monitoring of glucose among diabetics, TPA Therapy after stroke etc.
Reference: Fundamentals of Nursing, Kozier and Erb’s
Core competency: CORE COMPETENCY 1: Demonstrate knowledge based on health/illness
status of individual/ groups
Nursing process: assessment
Cognitive domain: comprehension
5. Which is the best way to disseminate information to the public?
,A. Newspaper
, B. School bulletins
C. Community bill boards
D. Radio and Television
Rationale: d. The best way to disseminate information to the public is by TELEVISION followed
by RADIO. This is how the DOH establishes it’s IEC Programs other than publishing posters,
leaflets and brochures. An emerging new way to disseminate is through the internet.
Reference: Fundamentals of Nursing, Kozier and Erb’s
Core competency: CORE COMPETENCY 1: Demonstrate knowledge based on health/illness
status of individual/ groups
Nursing process: assessment
Cognitive domain: comprehension
6. Also known as STERILE TECHNIQUE
A. Surgical Asepsis
B. Medical Asepsis
C. Sepsis
D. Asepsis
Rationale: a. Surgical Asepsis is also known as STERILE TECHNIQUE while Medical Asepsis
is synonymous with CLEAN TECHNIQUE.
Reference: Fundamentals of Nursing, Kozier and Erb’s
Core competency: CORE COMPETENCY 1: Demonstrate knowledge based on health/illness
status of individual/ groups
Nursing process: assessment
Cognitive domain: knowledge
7. This is a process of removing pathogens but not their spores.
A. Sterilization
B. Auto claving
C. Disinfection
D. Medical asepsis
Rationale: c. Both A and B are capable of killing spores. Autoclaving is a form of Sterilization.
Medical Asepsis is a PRACTICE designed to minimize or reduce the transfer of pathogens, also
known as your CLEAN TECHNIQUA. Disinfection is the PROCESS of removing pathogens but
not their spores.
Reference: Fundamentals of Nursing, Kozier and Erb’s
Core competency: CORE COMPETENCY 1: Demonstrate knowledge based on health/illness
status of individual/ groups
1. What best describes nurses as a care provider?
A. Determine client’s need
B. Provide direct nursing care
C. Help client recognize and cope with stressful psychological situation
D. Works in combined effort with all those involved in patient’s care
Rationale: A. You can never provide nursing care if you don't know what are the needs of the
client. How can you provide an effective postural drainage if you do not know where is the bulk
of the client's secretion? Therefore, the best description of a care provider is the accurate and
prompt determination of the client's need to be able to render an appropriate nursing care.
Reference: Fundamentals of Nursing, Kozier and Erb’s
Core competency: CORE COMPETENCY 1: Demonstrate knowledge based on health/illness
status of individual/ groups
Nursing process: assessment
Cognitive domain: knowledge
2. Refers to the degree of resistance the potential host has against a certain pathogen
A. Susceptibility
B. Immunity
C. Virulence
D. Etiology
Rationale: a. Immunity is the ABSOLUTE Resistance to a pathogen considering that person
has an INTACT IMMUNITY while susceptibility is the DEGREE of resistanca. Degree of
resistance means how well the individual would combat the pathogens and repel infection or
invasion of these disease causing organisms. A susceptible person is someone who has a
very low degree of resistance to combat pathogens. An Immune person is someone that can
easily repel specific pathogens. However, remember that even if a person is IMMUNE
[Vaccination] Immunity can always be impaired in cases of chemotherapy, HIV, Burns, etc.
Reference: Fundamentals of Nursing, Kozier and Erb’s
Core competency: CORE COMPETENCY 1: Demonstrate knowledge based on health/illness
status of individual/ groups
Nursing process: assessment
Cognitive domain: knowledge
3. Diseases that result from changes in the normal structure, from recognizable
anatomical changes in an organ or body tissue is termed as
A. Functional
B. Occupational
, C. Inorganic
D. Organic
Rationale: d. As the word implies, ORGANIC Diseases are those that causes a CHANGE in the
structure of the organs and systems. Inorganic diseases is synonymous with FUNCTIONAL
diseases wherein, There is no evident structural, anatomical or physical change in the structure
of the organ or system but function is altered due to other causes, which is usually due to
abnormal response of the organ to stressors. Therefore, ORGANIC BRAIN SYNDROME are
anatomic and physiologic change in the BRAIN that is NON PROGRESSIVE BUT
IRREVERSIBLE caused by alteration in structure of the brain and it's supporting structure
which manifests different sign and symptoms of neurological, physiologic and psychologic
alterations. Mental disorders manifesting symptoms of psychoses without any evident organic
or structural damage are termed as INORGANIC PSYCHOSES while alteration in the organ
structures that causes symptoms of bizarre psychotic behavior is termed as ORGANIC
PSYCHOSES.
Reference: Fundamentals of Nursing, Kozier and Erb’s
Core competency: CORE COMPETENCY 1: Demonstrate knowledge based on health/illness
status of individual/ groups
Nursing process: assessment
Cognitive domain: knowledge
4. In what level of prevention according to Leavell and Clark does the nurse support the
client in obtaining OPTIMAL HEALTH STATUS after a disease or injury?
A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Tertiary
D. None of the above
Rationale: c. Perhaps one of the easiest concept but asked frequently in the NLA. Primary
refers to preventions that aim in preventing the diseasa. Examples are healthy lifestyle, good
nutrition, knowledge seeking behaviors etc. Secondary prevention deal with early diagnostics,
case finding and treatments. Examples are monthly breast self exam, Chest X-RAY, Antibiotic
treatment to cure infection, Iron therapy to treat anemia etc. Tertiary prevention aims on
maintaining optimum level of functioning during or after the impact of a disease that threatens
to alter the normal body functioninc. Examples are prosthetics fitting for an amputated leg after
an accident, Self-monitoring of glucose among diabetics, TPA Therapy after stroke etc.
Reference: Fundamentals of Nursing, Kozier and Erb’s
Core competency: CORE COMPETENCY 1: Demonstrate knowledge based on health/illness
status of individual/ groups
Nursing process: assessment
Cognitive domain: comprehension
5. Which is the best way to disseminate information to the public?
,A. Newspaper
, B. School bulletins
C. Community bill boards
D. Radio and Television
Rationale: d. The best way to disseminate information to the public is by TELEVISION followed
by RADIO. This is how the DOH establishes it’s IEC Programs other than publishing posters,
leaflets and brochures. An emerging new way to disseminate is through the internet.
Reference: Fundamentals of Nursing, Kozier and Erb’s
Core competency: CORE COMPETENCY 1: Demonstrate knowledge based on health/illness
status of individual/ groups
Nursing process: assessment
Cognitive domain: comprehension
6. Also known as STERILE TECHNIQUE
A. Surgical Asepsis
B. Medical Asepsis
C. Sepsis
D. Asepsis
Rationale: a. Surgical Asepsis is also known as STERILE TECHNIQUE while Medical Asepsis
is synonymous with CLEAN TECHNIQUE.
Reference: Fundamentals of Nursing, Kozier and Erb’s
Core competency: CORE COMPETENCY 1: Demonstrate knowledge based on health/illness
status of individual/ groups
Nursing process: assessment
Cognitive domain: knowledge
7. This is a process of removing pathogens but not their spores.
A. Sterilization
B. Auto claving
C. Disinfection
D. Medical asepsis
Rationale: c. Both A and B are capable of killing spores. Autoclaving is a form of Sterilization.
Medical Asepsis is a PRACTICE designed to minimize or reduce the transfer of pathogens, also
known as your CLEAN TECHNIQUA. Disinfection is the PROCESS of removing pathogens but
not their spores.
Reference: Fundamentals of Nursing, Kozier and Erb’s
Core competency: CORE COMPETENCY 1: Demonstrate knowledge based on health/illness
status of individual/ groups
