MB (ASCP) Exam TEST WITH COMPLETE VERIFIED SOLUTIONS

Predominant form of DNA - ANSWER Right-handed B DNA and histone interaction is due to what type of bond? - ANSWER Ionic What stains to the minor groove of DNA duplex? - ANSWER SYBR Green What is the most abundant type of RNA? - ANSWER Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) What does RNA act as in a retrovirus? - ANSWER Genome and mRNA What increases half-life of mRNA? - ANSWER 5' Methyl Cap What kind of DNA is most likely to be transcriptionally active? - ANSWER Euchromatin What is the most common type of eukaryotic DNA? - ANSWER Satellite DNA What specimen has the most DNA according to molecular weight? - ANSWER White Blood Cells What amino acids compose histones? - ANSWER Lysine and Arginine Amino acid that all proteins start with: - ANSWER Methionine What protects the DNA strand during replication? - ANSWER Single-stranded binding protein Leading Strand - ANSWER 3' to 5' template Lagging Strand - ANSWER 5' to 3' template What DNA strand is being copied in transcription? - ANSWER Antisense Strand First step after newly formed mRNA is made? - ANSWER Addition of poly(A) tail Every time the chromosome is copied it would become shorter if not for what enzyme? - ANSWER Telomerase What polymerase has repair activity? - ANSWER Beta/Epsilon What polymerase acts on leading strand? - ANSWER Delta What polymerase acts on lagging strand? - ANSWER Alpha Which polymerase is used for mitochondrial replication and repair? - ANSWER Gamma What polymerase binds the 5' end to 3' end of dsDNA? - ANSWER Topoisomerase Which RNA polymerase is mainly for transcription? - ANSWER RNA Pol II Which polymerase is involved with mRNA synthesis? - ANSWER RNA Pol II What inactivates RNAses? - ANSWER Diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC) or bake glassware for 4 to 6 hours at 400C What type of restriction enzyme recognizes palindromic sites? - ANSWER Restriction Enzyme Type II What type of restriction enzyme lacks methylation activity? - ANSWER Restriction Enzyme Type II What is necessary to make cDNA? - ANSWER Reverse transcriptase Number of SNPs in a human genome? - ANSWER 11 billion (10^7) How many genes (base pairs) are in a human haploid genome? - ANSWER 3 billion base pairs The polymerization of acrylamide requires: - ANSWER Catalyst (APS or TEMED) or Light activation How does agarose gel pore size relate to concentration? - ANSWER Inversely proportional What is denatured during a southern blot? - ANSWER Hydrogen bonds (inter-strand bonds) Melting temperature formula - ANSWER Tm = (4C x GC Pairs) + (2C x AT pairs) Which is likely to interfere with fluorescent probe? - ANSWER 5' G Proper GC content of primer - ANSWER 35-65% Inhibitors of PCR - ANSWER Hemoglobin, Heparin, Xylene, Phenol, Cyanol, and Bromophenol Blue Order to add to a PCR reaction: - ANSWER Master mix patient sample positive control negative control Pre Area - ANSWER Positive Pressure Post Area - ANSWER Negative Pressure Which PCR requires two steps for specificity? - ANSWER Nested PCR Which microorganism is detected by branched DNA amplification? - ANSWER DNA or RNA Which technique uses RNA, antibodies, and DNA? - ANSWER Hybrid Capture Assay Use of bisulfite treatment of DNA to determine its pattern of methylation - ANSWER Bisulfite DNA What tests are isothermal? - ANSWER NASBA, TMA, & SDA Which leukemia is associated with FLT3 gene? - ANSWER AML T-cell gene rearrangement is seen in what malignancy? - ANSWER Sezary Syndrome Which translocation causes Acute Premyelocytic Leukemia? - ANSWER t 15;17 Ewing Sarcoma - ANSWER t 11;22 Synovial Sarcoma - ANSWER t X;18 Follicular Lymphoma - ANSWER t 14;18 What genes would be screened in a colorectal panel? - ANSWER MSH2 & MLH1