NSG6005 WEEK 1 QUIZ LATEST ADVANCED
PHARMACOLOGY SOUTH-UNIVERSITY 2024
1. How medication transports through cell:ANS: Medication (agonists) bind
to recep-tors to elicit response
Agonists bind and activate receptor
2. How medication transports through cell:ANS: Antagonists bind and
prevent recep-tor activation (competitive or noncompetitive inhibition)
3. How medication transports through cell:ANS: Medications may bind
allosterically to another site resulting in an increase or a decrease in the
response to the agonist
4. How medication transports through a cell:ANS: Multiple forms of the
same recep-tors can exist and interact with medications
5. How medication transports through a cell:ANS: Medications may be
bound to proteins
6. How medication transports through a cell:ANS: Medications may bind
to multiple types of receptors resulting in altered therapeutic effects and
side effects
7. Ionization:ANS: Plays a significant role in absorption, distribution across
membranes, and renal elimination.
8. Passive diffusion:ANS: Being charged is a negative factor
9. Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines:ANS: May take on a charge to
become neutral
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,10. Quaternary amines:ANS: Always charged
11. Charged medications:ANS: Water soluble and more easily eliminated by
the kidneys
12. Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:ANS: Defines role of PH t degree of
ionization:ANS: Log of prontonated=pKa-PH
13. Most drugs:ANS: Weak
acids (donate H+) Weak bases
(accept H+)
14. PH of stomach:ANS: Manipulates base or acid of drug
15. Urine:ANS: Can alter absorption or elimination based on PH
16. Distribution:ANS: Requires adequate blood supply. Drug goes to areas of
high blood flow first. Areas of low blood supply have a slower delivery
17. Phase I metabolism:ANS: Oxidation, reduction, deamination, hydrolysis,
sulfonation:ANS:
-OH, -SH, -NH2 added or unmasked.
18. Oxidation:ANS: The combination of a substance with O2
19. Reduction:ANS: The act of reducing
20. Deamination:ANS: Bodily process in which amino groups are removed
from excess proteins. This happens most often in the liver, though it also
occurs in the kidneys.
21. Hydrolysis:ANS: A chemical process in which a molecule of water
is added to a substance.
22. Sulfonation:ANS: An organic reaction in which a hydrogen atom on an
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17
, arene is replaced by a sulfonic acid functional group in an electrophilic
aromatic substitution
23. Cytochrome P450:ANS: Enzymes located in liver or gut involved in these
reactions
24. Phase II metabolism:ANS: Conjugation with an endogenous compound
such as glucuronic acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, methyl compounds, or
amino acids to form a highly polar conjugate.
25. Role of CYP 450 enzymes and drug metabolism:ANS: Phase
I reaction Located in liver
hemoproteins serving as the terminal oxidase
multiple polymorphisms- CYP:ANS:1A2, 2A6, 2C9,
2D6, 2E1, 3A4 Carry out the bulk of hepatic
metabolism
26. Role of CYP 450 enzymes and drug metabolism:ANS: Potential for drug
interac- tions increased with 2 or more drugs metabolized via the same
pathway, especially if the pathway is primary
Some medications induce their own metabolism
27. CYP:ANS:3A4:ANS: Metabolize 50% of all drugs
28. Many different isoforms:ANS:
CYP:ANS:1A2-15%
CYP:ANS:2C9-20%
CYP:ANS:3A4-30%
29. Factors that induce CYP metabolism:ANS:
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PHARMACOLOGY SOUTH-UNIVERSITY 2024
1. How medication transports through cell:ANS: Medication (agonists) bind
to recep-tors to elicit response
Agonists bind and activate receptor
2. How medication transports through cell:ANS: Antagonists bind and
prevent recep-tor activation (competitive or noncompetitive inhibition)
3. How medication transports through cell:ANS: Medications may bind
allosterically to another site resulting in an increase or a decrease in the
response to the agonist
4. How medication transports through a cell:ANS: Multiple forms of the
same recep-tors can exist and interact with medications
5. How medication transports through a cell:ANS: Medications may be
bound to proteins
6. How medication transports through a cell:ANS: Medications may bind
to multiple types of receptors resulting in altered therapeutic effects and
side effects
7. Ionization:ANS: Plays a significant role in absorption, distribution across
membranes, and renal elimination.
8. Passive diffusion:ANS: Being charged is a negative factor
9. Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines:ANS: May take on a charge to
become neutral
1/
17
,10. Quaternary amines:ANS: Always charged
11. Charged medications:ANS: Water soluble and more easily eliminated by
the kidneys
12. Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:ANS: Defines role of PH t degree of
ionization:ANS: Log of prontonated=pKa-PH
13. Most drugs:ANS: Weak
acids (donate H+) Weak bases
(accept H+)
14. PH of stomach:ANS: Manipulates base or acid of drug
15. Urine:ANS: Can alter absorption or elimination based on PH
16. Distribution:ANS: Requires adequate blood supply. Drug goes to areas of
high blood flow first. Areas of low blood supply have a slower delivery
17. Phase I metabolism:ANS: Oxidation, reduction, deamination, hydrolysis,
sulfonation:ANS:
-OH, -SH, -NH2 added or unmasked.
18. Oxidation:ANS: The combination of a substance with O2
19. Reduction:ANS: The act of reducing
20. Deamination:ANS: Bodily process in which amino groups are removed
from excess proteins. This happens most often in the liver, though it also
occurs in the kidneys.
21. Hydrolysis:ANS: A chemical process in which a molecule of water
is added to a substance.
22. Sulfonation:ANS: An organic reaction in which a hydrogen atom on an
2/
17
, arene is replaced by a sulfonic acid functional group in an electrophilic
aromatic substitution
23. Cytochrome P450:ANS: Enzymes located in liver or gut involved in these
reactions
24. Phase II metabolism:ANS: Conjugation with an endogenous compound
such as glucuronic acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, methyl compounds, or
amino acids to form a highly polar conjugate.
25. Role of CYP 450 enzymes and drug metabolism:ANS: Phase
I reaction Located in liver
hemoproteins serving as the terminal oxidase
multiple polymorphisms- CYP:ANS:1A2, 2A6, 2C9,
2D6, 2E1, 3A4 Carry out the bulk of hepatic
metabolism
26. Role of CYP 450 enzymes and drug metabolism:ANS: Potential for drug
interac- tions increased with 2 or more drugs metabolized via the same
pathway, especially if the pathway is primary
Some medications induce their own metabolism
27. CYP:ANS:3A4:ANS: Metabolize 50% of all drugs
28. Many different isoforms:ANS:
CYP:ANS:1A2-15%
CYP:ANS:2C9-20%
CYP:ANS:3A4-30%
29. Factors that induce CYP metabolism:ANS:
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17
