AMSCO AP GOV Chapter 1 Accurate Answers 2024

federalism - ANSWERSa system of government that divides the power between the national and state governments Federalists - ANSWERSgroup of people who endorsed the Constitution social contract - ANSWERSagreement between a democratic government and its' people that if violated, the people could take the power back natural law - ANSWERSlaw of God, acknowledged through human sense and reason under which people were born free and equal popular sovereignty - ANSWERSthe people as the ultimate ruling authority republicanism - ANSWERSpolitical ideology in which men were entitled to "life, liberty, and property" and these could not be taken away except under laws created through the consent of the governed participatory democracy - ANSWERSpeople vote directly for laws and other matters that affect them pluralist democracy - ANSWERSnongovernment groups organize to try to exert influence on political decision-making elite democracy - ANSWERSelected representatives make decisions and act as trustees for the people who elected them Declaration of Independence - ANSWERSan official statement which justified the colonies break from Britain, listing the moral and legal justification for the rebellion Articles of Confederation - ANSWERSseries of statements that defined the initial national government and redefined the former colonies as states extradition - ANSWERSstates were expected to return fugitives to states where they had committed crimes and runaway slaves to states that they had fled James Madison - ANSWERShis influence in creating the plan for the new government and his stalwart support of it during the ratification process earned him the nickname Father of the Constitution Virginia Plan - ANSWERSproposed three-branch system of government, bicameral legislature, and made the national government supreme over the states which became blueprint for the Constitution bicameral - ANSWERStwo-house separation of powers - ANSWERSdistinct responsibilities and limits of each branch to keep any one branch from becoming too powerful New Jersey Plan - ANSWERSproposed system of government in which states would retain sovereignty Grand Committee - ANSWERScommittee made up of one delegate from each of the states represented at the convention Great Compromise - ANSWERScompromise between Virginia and New Jersey Plan House of Representatives - ANSWERShouse of Congress which would award seats based on population of state Senate - ANSWERShouse of Congress which would receive two senators from each state regardless of the state's size Three - Fifths Compromise - ANSWERSagreement to count only three of every five slaves to determine representation in the House Electoral College - ANSWERScompromise for choosing Chief Executive in which each state had same number electors as representatives in Congress, and the people would vote for the electors Preamble - ANSWERSmission statement of the Constitution enumerated powers - ANSWERSpowers that are listed out commerce clause - ANSWERSempowers Congress to "regulate commerce with other nations, and among the several states" necessary and proper clause - ANSWERS"Congress shall have power to make all law which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers" granting implicit powers full faith and credit clause - ANSWERSrequires states to be open about their laws and encourages states to respect one another's laws national supremacy - ANSWERSunite the nation under stronger national policy supremacy clause - ANSWERSmakes certain that all states must adhere to the Constitution Federalist Papers - ANSWERSseries of essays written to argue in favor of the Constitution Anti-Federalists - ANSWERSgroup of people who opposed the Constitution Bill of Rights - ANSWERSlist of rights that guaranteed basic liberties USA PATRIOT Act - ANSWERSlaw covering intelligence gathering and sharing by executive branch agencies, points of criminal procedure, and border protection. allowed govt agencies to share significant info on suspects especially phone taps (allows invasion of privacy) representative republic - ANSWERScollection of sovereign states gathered for the national interest, national needs, and national defense checks and balances - ANSWERSlimiting powers each branch can use on the others veto - ANSWERSpresident rejects a bill pocket veto - ANSWERSpresident refusing to sign a bill at the end of a legislative session, killing the bill two-thirds override - ANSWERSeach house of Congress separately votes in favor of a vetoed bill by a supermajority of two-thirds can make a vetoed bill into law advice and consent - ANSWERSthe Senate's formal approval on presidential appointments impeachment - ANSWERSan accusation, an indictment of wrongdoing judicial review - ANSWERSfederal courts can deem an act of the legislature unconstitutional when deciding on a case reserved powers - ANSWERSpowers given to the states