Bio 255 Final Exam 181 Questions with Verified Solutions 2024 Update.
1. The neurohypophysis or posterior lobe of the pituitary gland is not a true endocrine gland
because - ANS it is only a hormone storage area receiving hormones made by the
hypothalamus for release
2. The hormone made by the pineal gland is - ANS melatonin
3. Several hormones are synthesizes in the hypothalamus and transported to the anterior
pituitary gland. The mechanism of transportation from hypothalamus to anterior through
the - ANS hypophyseal portal system
4. The parathyroid glands maintain adequate levels of blood calcium. This is accomplished
through - ANS targeting the bone and activating osteoclasts so that calcium will be
released.
5. The fasting hormone, made by your pancreas while you sleep to maintain you blood
glucose is - ANS glucagon
6. Autotroph cells in the pituitary produce a hormone that controls mammary gland milk
synthesis. This hormone is called - ANS prolactin
7. The parathyroid glands are derived from - ANS endoderm
8. When we ingest large molecules such as lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins, they must
be broken into smaller molecules. This series of reactions is called - ANS digestion
9. The sheets of peritoneal membrane holding the digestive tract in place are called - ANS
mesenteries
10. The function of the hepatic portal circulation is to - ANS send absorbed nutrients to the
liver for metabolic processing or storage
11. The function of goblet cells of the gastrointestinal tract mucosa is to - ANS??
12. The mouth is lined with - ANS stratified squamous epithelium
13. Tooth structure includes - ANS a thin periodontal ligament holding the tooth in place
14. Which tongue papillae type has no taste buds, but functions to give the tongue
roughness and provide friction? - ANS Fusiform
15. The gradual demineralization of tooth enamel and dentin by bacterial is called - ANS
caries
16. The primary function of the anal sphincters is to - ANS prevent defecation until
convenient
17. Parietal cells of the stomach produce - ANS hydrochloric acid
18. The structures of small intestine cells providing microscopic finger-like projections into
the lumen of the small intestine to provide increased for food molecule absorption? -
ANS Microvilli
19. Chuffer cells are - ANS found in the liver and responsible for removing bacteria and
worn-out cells
20. Which is an exocrine product of the pancreas? - ANS Lipase Enzyme
21. The terminal portion of the small intestine is known as the - ANS Ileum
, 25. The first major branch of the renal artery is - ANS segmental
26. Correct statement about nephrons: - ANS The parietal layer of the glomerular capsule is
simple squamous epithelium
27. Which of the following statements describes the histology of the uterus? - ANS They are
trilayered
28. The area of the urinary bladder outlined by openings for the ureters and urethra is
important clinically because infections tend to persist here. This area is known as? -
ANS Trigon
29. Which of the following best describes urinary function in older adults (70 years or older)?
- ANS Bladder control may decline with aging
30. The darts and premaster muscles are important to the integrity of the male reproductive
system. Which of the following is true about the role they play? - ANS the regulate the
testes' temperature
31. The duct system of the male reproductive system includes - ANS the ducts deferens, a
duct that runs from the epididymis up into the pelvic cavity
32. Which of the following glands surround the urethra and produces citrate and enzymes
that help activate the sperm? - ANS The prostate
33. The basic difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis is - ANS in oogenesis,
one mature ovum is produce, and in spermatogenesis four mature sperm are produced
from the parent cell.
34. The cells that produce testosterone in the testis are called - ANS interstitial cells
35. Which of the following is a correct statement about uterine tubes? - ANS The
infundibulum is the funnel-shaped region near the ovary
36. Which layer of the uterus regenerates the layer shed each month with menstruation? -
ANS Endometrium, stratum basalts
37. Correct statement about mammary glands: - ANS in lactating females, glandular alveoli
produce milk
38. Meiosis in the female results in the production of - ANS one ovum and 2-3 polar bodies
39. Which bursts during ovulation, releasing the ovum? - ANS Vesicular follicle
40. Development of male reproductive structures depends on which of the following events?
- ANS Secretion of male hormones prenatally and lasting into the first few months after
birth
41. Soboba was a six month old boy with feeding problems. Soon after each time he was
fed, Soboba would grimace in extreme pain and vomit. He was extremely irritable and
His doctor said he had gastro esophageal reflux, which is often treatable with
medication. What sphincter is not working properly in Soboba? - ANS Lower Esophageal
sphincter
42. The cells lining the urinary bladder are shed into the urine if there is a bladder infection.
These cells are - ANS transitional epithelium
43. Primary sperocytes produce spermatids by __. This produces __ sperm cells. - ANS
Meiosis, 4
44. Smooth muscle cells are found in the gastrointestinal tracts - ANS mucosa and muscular
1. The neurohypophysis or posterior lobe of the pituitary gland is not a true endocrine gland
because - ANS it is only a hormone storage area receiving hormones made by the
hypothalamus for release
2. The hormone made by the pineal gland is - ANS melatonin
3. Several hormones are synthesizes in the hypothalamus and transported to the anterior
pituitary gland. The mechanism of transportation from hypothalamus to anterior through
the - ANS hypophyseal portal system
4. The parathyroid glands maintain adequate levels of blood calcium. This is accomplished
through - ANS targeting the bone and activating osteoclasts so that calcium will be
released.
5. The fasting hormone, made by your pancreas while you sleep to maintain you blood
glucose is - ANS glucagon
6. Autotroph cells in the pituitary produce a hormone that controls mammary gland milk
synthesis. This hormone is called - ANS prolactin
7. The parathyroid glands are derived from - ANS endoderm
8. When we ingest large molecules such as lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins, they must
be broken into smaller molecules. This series of reactions is called - ANS digestion
9. The sheets of peritoneal membrane holding the digestive tract in place are called - ANS
mesenteries
10. The function of the hepatic portal circulation is to - ANS send absorbed nutrients to the
liver for metabolic processing or storage
11. The function of goblet cells of the gastrointestinal tract mucosa is to - ANS??
12. The mouth is lined with - ANS stratified squamous epithelium
13. Tooth structure includes - ANS a thin periodontal ligament holding the tooth in place
14. Which tongue papillae type has no taste buds, but functions to give the tongue
roughness and provide friction? - ANS Fusiform
15. The gradual demineralization of tooth enamel and dentin by bacterial is called - ANS
caries
16. The primary function of the anal sphincters is to - ANS prevent defecation until
convenient
17. Parietal cells of the stomach produce - ANS hydrochloric acid
18. The structures of small intestine cells providing microscopic finger-like projections into
the lumen of the small intestine to provide increased for food molecule absorption? -
ANS Microvilli
19. Chuffer cells are - ANS found in the liver and responsible for removing bacteria and
worn-out cells
20. Which is an exocrine product of the pancreas? - ANS Lipase Enzyme
21. The terminal portion of the small intestine is known as the - ANS Ileum
, 25. The first major branch of the renal artery is - ANS segmental
26. Correct statement about nephrons: - ANS The parietal layer of the glomerular capsule is
simple squamous epithelium
27. Which of the following statements describes the histology of the uterus? - ANS They are
trilayered
28. The area of the urinary bladder outlined by openings for the ureters and urethra is
important clinically because infections tend to persist here. This area is known as? -
ANS Trigon
29. Which of the following best describes urinary function in older adults (70 years or older)?
- ANS Bladder control may decline with aging
30. The darts and premaster muscles are important to the integrity of the male reproductive
system. Which of the following is true about the role they play? - ANS the regulate the
testes' temperature
31. The duct system of the male reproductive system includes - ANS the ducts deferens, a
duct that runs from the epididymis up into the pelvic cavity
32. Which of the following glands surround the urethra and produces citrate and enzymes
that help activate the sperm? - ANS The prostate
33. The basic difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis is - ANS in oogenesis,
one mature ovum is produce, and in spermatogenesis four mature sperm are produced
from the parent cell.
34. The cells that produce testosterone in the testis are called - ANS interstitial cells
35. Which of the following is a correct statement about uterine tubes? - ANS The
infundibulum is the funnel-shaped region near the ovary
36. Which layer of the uterus regenerates the layer shed each month with menstruation? -
ANS Endometrium, stratum basalts
37. Correct statement about mammary glands: - ANS in lactating females, glandular alveoli
produce milk
38. Meiosis in the female results in the production of - ANS one ovum and 2-3 polar bodies
39. Which bursts during ovulation, releasing the ovum? - ANS Vesicular follicle
40. Development of male reproductive structures depends on which of the following events?
- ANS Secretion of male hormones prenatally and lasting into the first few months after
birth
41. Soboba was a six month old boy with feeding problems. Soon after each time he was
fed, Soboba would grimace in extreme pain and vomit. He was extremely irritable and
His doctor said he had gastro esophageal reflux, which is often treatable with
medication. What sphincter is not working properly in Soboba? - ANS Lower Esophageal
sphincter
42. The cells lining the urinary bladder are shed into the urine if there is a bladder infection.
These cells are - ANS transitional epithelium
43. Primary sperocytes produce spermatids by __. This produces __ sperm cells. - ANS
Meiosis, 4
44. Smooth muscle cells are found in the gastrointestinal tracts - ANS mucosa and muscular
