Latest Exam 4 BIO 181 University of Arizona
An agent that increases mutation rate is a - correct answer mutagen
Which of the following causes breaks in one or both go the sugar-phosphate backbones? -
correct answer x-rays
Any heritable change in the genetic material is - correct answer a mutation
Why do data on observable mutant phenotypes underestimate the actual frequency of mutation?
- correct answer -many mutations are in noncoding regions of the genome
-some mutations in protein-coding regions of the genome are synonymous mutations
What curve represents the current understanding of the rate of mutation in human sperm as the
fathers age increases from 20-40? - correct answer straight diagonal line going upward
A family can share a genetic risk of developing cancer if - correct answer a germ-line mutation in
one of the gens implicated in the cancer occurred in an ancestor
In humans, the rate of point mutation tends to be greater in male gametes than in female
gametes because - correct answer male germ-line cells undergo many more divisions than
female germ-line cells
Which mutation in an animal somatic cell would be inherited by the next generation? - correct
answer no mutations get inherited by somatic cells only grem-line cells
_____ mutations affect only the individual in which they occur; _____ mutations are passed
from parent to offspring - correct answer Somatic; germ-line
The use of antibiotics creates mutations in bacteria that make the bacteria resistant to these
antibiotics - correct answer False
Insertions and deletions of single nucleotides: - correct answer cause frameshift mutations
In a muscle cell, myosin binds to actin to case muscle contraction. researchers have found that
rabbit muscle myosin binds to acid from an amoeba. How can this be? - correct answer -The
myosin from amoeba and rabbits is similar due to a distant common ancestor.
-The myosin from amoeba and rabbits is similar due to a distant common ancestor, and the
differences between them do not affect the actin binding site.
, -Proteins whose functions are important to many types of organisms are more likely to be
conserved.
-The differences in myosin between amoeba and rabbits do not affect the actin-binding site of
myosin.
A point mutation that creates a premature stop codon is called ? - correct answer a nonsense
mutation
a mutation can leave the amino acid protein - correct answer unchanged
insertion of one nucleotide in a gene will lead to a frameshift mutation (T/F) - correct answer
true
A point mutation that changes the UAC codon into a UAG codon is a _____ mutation - correct
answer nonsense
codon GAG which codes for glutamic acid, is mutated to GUG which codes for valine. What type
of mutation is this? - correct answer missense
what mutation would most likely have the most severe consequences? - correct answer
frameshift
The human genome contains a family of genes that code for different forms of myosin. How
could this gene family have arise? - correct answer The original myosin gene was duplicated, and
the resulting copies have diverged
In organisms with large genomes, inversions are more likely to be tolerated if the breakpoints
occur in - correct answer noncoding DNA
When non-homologous chromosomes exchange parts, _______ has occurred? - correct answer
reciprocal translocation
Dosage refers to the number of copies each gene in a cell (T/F) - correct answer true
Chromosomal aberrations - correct answer can be caused by errors during cell division
A chromosomal segment that breaks off and attaches to another chromosome is what type of
mutation? - correct answer translocation
mismatch repair, base excision repair, and nucleotide excision repair are similar in that each: -
correct answer uses an undamaged segment of DNA as the template to repair a damaged
segment of DNA
If a covalent bond going adjacent nucleotides in a DNA strand is broken, the break could be
repaired by - correct answer DNA ligase
An agent that increases mutation rate is a - correct answer mutagen
Which of the following causes breaks in one or both go the sugar-phosphate backbones? -
correct answer x-rays
Any heritable change in the genetic material is - correct answer a mutation
Why do data on observable mutant phenotypes underestimate the actual frequency of mutation?
- correct answer -many mutations are in noncoding regions of the genome
-some mutations in protein-coding regions of the genome are synonymous mutations
What curve represents the current understanding of the rate of mutation in human sperm as the
fathers age increases from 20-40? - correct answer straight diagonal line going upward
A family can share a genetic risk of developing cancer if - correct answer a germ-line mutation in
one of the gens implicated in the cancer occurred in an ancestor
In humans, the rate of point mutation tends to be greater in male gametes than in female
gametes because - correct answer male germ-line cells undergo many more divisions than
female germ-line cells
Which mutation in an animal somatic cell would be inherited by the next generation? - correct
answer no mutations get inherited by somatic cells only grem-line cells
_____ mutations affect only the individual in which they occur; _____ mutations are passed
from parent to offspring - correct answer Somatic; germ-line
The use of antibiotics creates mutations in bacteria that make the bacteria resistant to these
antibiotics - correct answer False
Insertions and deletions of single nucleotides: - correct answer cause frameshift mutations
In a muscle cell, myosin binds to actin to case muscle contraction. researchers have found that
rabbit muscle myosin binds to acid from an amoeba. How can this be? - correct answer -The
myosin from amoeba and rabbits is similar due to a distant common ancestor.
-The myosin from amoeba and rabbits is similar due to a distant common ancestor, and the
differences between them do not affect the actin binding site.
, -Proteins whose functions are important to many types of organisms are more likely to be
conserved.
-The differences in myosin between amoeba and rabbits do not affect the actin-binding site of
myosin.
A point mutation that creates a premature stop codon is called ? - correct answer a nonsense
mutation
a mutation can leave the amino acid protein - correct answer unchanged
insertion of one nucleotide in a gene will lead to a frameshift mutation (T/F) - correct answer
true
A point mutation that changes the UAC codon into a UAG codon is a _____ mutation - correct
answer nonsense
codon GAG which codes for glutamic acid, is mutated to GUG which codes for valine. What type
of mutation is this? - correct answer missense
what mutation would most likely have the most severe consequences? - correct answer
frameshift
The human genome contains a family of genes that code for different forms of myosin. How
could this gene family have arise? - correct answer The original myosin gene was duplicated, and
the resulting copies have diverged
In organisms with large genomes, inversions are more likely to be tolerated if the breakpoints
occur in - correct answer noncoding DNA
When non-homologous chromosomes exchange parts, _______ has occurred? - correct answer
reciprocal translocation
Dosage refers to the number of copies each gene in a cell (T/F) - correct answer true
Chromosomal aberrations - correct answer can be caused by errors during cell division
A chromosomal segment that breaks off and attaches to another chromosome is what type of
mutation? - correct answer translocation
mismatch repair, base excision repair, and nucleotide excision repair are similar in that each: -
correct answer uses an undamaged segment of DNA as the template to repair a damaged
segment of DNA
If a covalent bond going adjacent nucleotides in a DNA strand is broken, the break could be
repaired by - correct answer DNA ligase
