AMSCO - 5.6 Reading Notes - AP History Advanced test 2024

As industrialization spread, each country experienced competing pressures between __________________________ of traditional values and ____________________________. - answersPreservation; modernization Did the Ottoman Empire adopt Western ideas? - answersNo What two things led to unrest in the Ottoman Empire? - answers1. Rampant corruption 2. Ethnic nationalism Describe the Ottoman Empire after WWI. - answersThough they feared the results of a power vacuum from a total collapse of the Ottoman Empire, they dismantled it after WWI. Why was China unable to promote industrialization? - answersIts problematic time during 19th century left a central government too weak to promote industrialization effectively for decades. Why did Japan want to adopt Western innovations? - answersIt felt it would help make it the equal of Western countries. Describe the Ottoman Empire in the 1800s. - answersThe Ottoman Empire underwent palace coups, declining trade, and weakening leadership in the 1800s. How did Muhammad Ali come to power in Egypt? - answersIn the conflict with the Mamluks, an Albanian Ottoman officer, Muhammad Ali, rose to prominence, and local leaders selected him to be the new governor of Egypt. How did Muhammad Ali reform Egypt? - answersBy making over the country's military on a European model. He also established schools, sent military officers to be educated in France, and started an official newspaper-- the first in the Islamic world. What was the long-term results of Ali heavily taxing the poor? - answersThe government could control the valuable cotton production and make money on the export of cotton/other agricultural products. How did Ali industrialize Egypt? - answersHe had textile factories built to compete with those of the French and British. In Cairo, he had factories built to produce armaments. Why did trading states want to interact with Japan? - answersThey wanted to be able to refuel in Japan as they sailed to and from China and other parts of East Asia. Who was Matthew Perry and what effect did he have on Japan? - answersHe led a naval squad; sailed into Yedo and Tokyo Bay, asking for trade privileges. (Japan) Faced with the power of the U.S. warships, the Japanese gave in to U.S. demands. Why did many Japanese people feel as though they needed to adopt Western technology? - answersSo it could protect its traditional culture. What was the Meiji Restoration? - answersA Japanese reform movement that returned power to the emperor and embraced western ideas. What did the Japanese reforms do? - answers Abolished feudalism by the Charter Oath Established a constitutional monarchy Established equality before the late and abolished cruel punishments Reorganized the military- Created new school system that expanded educational opportunities Built railroads and roads Financially supported Industrialization in key industries of tea, silk, weaponry, shipbuilding, and sake (rice wine) How did the Japanese government pay for their advancements? - answersHigh agricultural tax. What was a negative effect of industrialization in Japan? - answersAccounts of abuse and exploitation of female Japanese mill workers are similar to the experiences that British female mill workers had recorded decades earlier. Define zaibatsu and describe their role in Japanese industrialization: - answersPowerful Japanese family business organizations — encouraged innovation in technology.