DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHY AND PACS 3RD EDITION BY CARTER CHAPTER1 9 TESTBANK . QUESTIONS WITH 100 CORRECT AND VERIFIED ANSWERS AND EXPLAINATION.

Communication Systems Carter: Digital Radiography and PACS, 3rd Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Film and intensifying screens are primarily used in a. computed radiography (CR). b. digital radiography (DR). c. conventional radiography. ANS: C 3. Intensifying screens a. absorb light. b. emit light. c. absorb scatter. d. emit positive electronsANS: B radiography. 4. Which modality was the first to use the principle of digital imaging? a. Computed tomography (CT) b. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) c. Ultrasonography d. Cardiac catheterization ANS: A OBJ: Define the term dig 5. Who was the first to incorporate digital imaging with the CT scanner? a. Paul Lauterbur b. Godfrey Hounsfield c. Sol Nudelman d. M. Paul Capp ANS: B OBJ: Define the term digital imaging. 6. Teleradiology, moving images via telephone lines to and m/teostte locations, was first conceptualized by a. Paul Lauterbur. b. M. Paul Capp. c. Albert Jutras. d. Sol Nudelman. ANS: C OBJ: Define digital imaging and communications in medicine. 7. The invention of CT is heralded as a. the advanced use of three-dimensional computation in medical imaging. b. one of the greatest milestones in medical imaging. c. the stepping stone for the development of MRI. 8. Early reconstruction of raw CT data took a few _ to form a recognizable image. a. minutes 13. Teleradiography incorporated to produce radiographic images. satellite feeds cable lines T1 cables ANS: D OBJ: Explain what a PACS is and how it is used. 14. One of the early goals related to the development of PACSo/test a. reduce costs related to overstaffing. b. allow radiologists to read stat films from a hospital while at home. c. provide a means to move battlefield images to an established hospital. d. eliminate the need for chemical processing. ANS: C OBJ: Explain what a PACS is and how it is used. 15. CR acquires an image through a. conventional film/screen processing using a digital scanner. b. the heating of a thermoluminescent device. c. an electrically charged cassette. d. the use of a storage phosphor plate. ANS: D OBJ: Describe the latent image formation process for PSP image capture. 16. Storage phosphor plates are similar to a. intensifying screens. b. xeromammography cassettes. c. flat panel detectors. d. cardboard cassettes. ANS: A OBJ: Describe the latent image formation process for PSP image capture. 17. In a DR system, which of the following are needed to produce a radiographic image? a. X-ray absorber and a CCD b. Intensifying screen and a TFT c. Storage phosphor plate and a CCD d. Storage phosphor plate and a TFT ANS: A OBJ: Compare and contrast the latent image formation processes. 18. The two elements needed to convert light signals into an electrical signal while using indirect capture DR are TFT and a. photodiodes. b. photoconductors. c. phototransistors. d. photostators. ANS: A OBJ: Compare and contrast the latent image formation processes. 19. The x-ray absorber typically used in direct capture DR is a a. photodiode. b. phototransistor. c. photoconductor. d. photoelectron. ANS: C OBJ: Compare and contrast the latent image formation processes. 20. Technologist efficiency ratings are generally the same p/teasrting conventional radiography with radiography. a. computed b. digital ANS: A OBJ: Compare and contrast the latent image formation processes. 21. Compared with a 90-second processing time found in conventional radiography, image acquisition with DR has now been reduced to a. instantaneous acquisition. b. 1–2 seconds. c. 3–5 seconds. d. 6–8 seconds. ANS: C OBJ: Compare and contrast the latent image formation processes. 22. The active element in a storage phosphor is a. lithium. b. glutaraldehyde. c. europium. d. barium fluorohalide. ANS: D OBJ: Compare and contrast the latent image formation processes. 23. In reference to PSP image capture, to release the latent image, which of the following devices is scanned over the phosphor plate? a. Photomultiplier tube b. Fluorescent light c. Focused laser light d. Lithium crystal ANS: C OBJ: Describe the latent image me/stesstfor PSP image capture. 24. Which of the following best describes the sequence for PSP image capture? a. Phosphor plate, focused laser light scanner, ,md/tiegsittal-analog converter, review station b. Phosphor plate, focused laser light scanner, photodensitometer, digital-analog converter, review station c. Phosphor plate, focused laser light scanner, me/rte,sat nalog-digital converter, review station d. Phosphor plate, focused laser light scanner, photomultiplier, analog-digital converter, review station ANS: D OBJ: Compare and contrast the latent image formation processes. 25. X-ray energy related to direct capture DR will stimulate a a. photodensitometer b. scintillator c. TFT array d. charge-coupled device ANS: B OBJ: Compare and contrast the latent image formation processes. 26. The converts x-ray energy directly to a digital electrical signal. a. photoconductor b. photomultiplier c. scintillator. d. TLD ANS: A OBJ: Compare and contrast the latent image formation processes. 27. Exposure latitude is to conventional radiography as is to DR. a. characteristic response b. linear manner c. subject contrast d. dynamic range ANS: D OBJ: Compare and contrast the latent r/mtesattion processes. . ANS: A OBJ: Explain what a PACS is and how it is used. TRUE/FALSE 1. Light exposing the film is in direct proportion to the amount and energy of the incident photon upon the screen. ANS: T OBJ: Explain latent image formation for conventional radiography. 2. The earliest CT of the head took several hours to acquire e /stelsitce of information. ANS: T OBJ: Define the term digital imaging. 3. When switching from a conventional diagnostic m/testot one that incorporates CR, major equipment changes are to be expected. ANS: F 4. 5. ANS: T 6. ANS: F 7. ANS: T 8. language. ANS: T ANS: B OBJ: Differentiate between analog and im/teasgt es. 2. The continuous and varying levels of brightness and colors describe images. a. analog b. digital c. medical d. radiographic ANS: B OBJ: Differentiate between analog and im/teastg es. 3. Critical characteristics of a digital image include all of the following except ANS: C 4. ANS: D 5. a. c. bit. d. byte. ANS: B 6. a. pitch. b. depth. c. height. d. width. ANS: B OBJ: Define pixel and image matrix and characteristics of each. 7. If a pixel has a bit depth of 29, the number of gray tones e/ltecsta n produce is a. 256. b. 512. c. 1024. ANS: B OBJ: Define pixel and image matrix and characteristics of each. 8. The size of the pixel is determined by the a. bit. b. bit depth. c. matrix. ANS: C OBJ: Define pixel and image matrix and characteristics of each. 9. Which of the following statements is not true? a. Exposure index refers to the amount of exposure to the patient. b. Exposure index refers to the amount of exposure to e/treesct eptor. c. Exposure is not uniformly represented across manufacturers. d. Exposure index standardization is beneficial to the technologist. ANS: A OBJ: Discriminate between standard e/teassture for exposure indicators. 10. The measurement for radiation that was incident on the image receptor for a particular exposure is known as a. Gy. b. KSTD. c. KIND. d. KTGT. ANS: C OBJ: Discriminate between standard units of measure for exposure indicators. 11. Deviation index is the difference between and e/tsesset d in logarithmic fashion. a. actual exposure (KIND); target exposure (KTGT) b. standard exposure (KSTD); actual exposure (KIND) c. standard exposure (KSTD); target exposure (KTGT) ANS: A OBJ: Discriminate between standard units of measure for exposure indicators. 12. Factors that can adversely affect the pixel values expressed in the deviation index include all of the following except a. gonadal shielding within the image. b. a prosthesis within the image. c. failure of the system to recognize the exposure d. failure of the system to recognize the collimated border. ANS: C OBJ: Discriminate between standard units of measure for exposure indicators. 13. How dark or light a digital image appears on a display monitor is known as a. density. b. contrast resolution. c. brightness. d. spatial resolution. ANS: C OBJ: Define image brightness. 14. The ability of a digital system to display subtle changes in shades of gray is called a. image quality. b. contrast resolution. c. contrast resolution. d. dynamic resolution. ANS: B OBJ: Discuss the differences between spatial and contrast resolution. 17. “The sum of the components in a recording system ma/tteesrt than the system as a whole” is a definition of a. modulation transfer function (MTF). b. enhanced visualization image processing. c. digital image contrast and density latitude. d. principles of contrast enhancement. ANS: A OBJ: Discuss the implications of image noise, MTF, and a/tnestut m efficiency. 18. A perfect image processing system would have an MTF of a. 1%. b. 10%. c. 100%. d. 1000%. ANS: C OBJ: Discuss the implications of image noise, MTF, and detective quantum efficiency. 19. The more light spread, the the MTF. a. higher b. lower c. more equal d. None of these ANS: B OBJ: Discuss the implications of image noise, MTF, and detective quantum efficiency. 20. The range of exposure values the image detector is able to produce is known as a. dynamic range. b. modulation transfer. c. latitude. d. detective quantum efficiency. ANS: C OBJ: Define exposure latitude