AWS CLOUD PRACTITIONER EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
What is Multitenancy?
Idea of sharing underlined hardware between virtual machines -> hypervisor is
responsible for coordinating multitenancy; 1 EC2 is not aware of another EC2 on the
same host.
Name EC2 instance types & families and describe them
Instance types offer different combinations of CPU, memory, storage, networking
capacity; they are grouped under families
- General purpose: good balance for diverse workflows (web servers, code repositories)
- Compute optimized: ideal for compute intensive tasks (gaming servers, high
performance computing HPC, scientific modeling)
- Memory optimized: memory intensive tasks
- Accelerated computing: good for floating point numbers calculations, graphic
processing, data pattern matching, as they use utilize hardware accelerators
- Storage optimized: good for high performance for locally stored data
What is EC2?
Elastic Compute Cloud - A VM, hosted in AWS instead of a personal data center
Describe pricing of EC2 instances
- On-demand: pay only for time when EC2 runs
- Savings plan: low prices for EC2 in exchange for commitment for specific price and
amount of time of EC2 instance usage (dollar/hour) for next 1 or 3 years => the
commitment to spend a particular dollar amount per hour over a specific period
,- Reserved instances: suited for steady workflows, commitment for 1 or 3 year term and
payment (payment options: all upfront, partial upfront, no upfront) => the commitment to
use an instance at a particular price over a specific period,
- Spot instances: 90% off demand price, AWS can reclaim instance when they need it in
short time period, good for workflows that can be interrupted
- Dedicated hosts: host dedicated only for your EC2
Explain EC2 auto scaling
EC2 Auto Scaling - adds instances based on demand and then removes instances
when they are no longer needed
2 types of scaling:
- scale vertically: add more power to the machines when they are running
- scale horizontally: multiply the number of instances
for EC2 Auto Scaling (allows to set automated horizontal scaling) we can set:
- minimum capacity
- desired capacity
- maximum capacity
What is ELB?
Elastic Load Balancing service (ELB) - managed service, runs on region level, ELB is
automatically scalable to handle additional throughput; it communicates with EC2
instances
-> Can communicate front end with back end - to manage the traffic.
Load balancing: takes requests and routes them the instances to be processed
- main task: properly distribute traffic
What is SQS?
Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS): send, store, receive messages between
software components at any volume
- Payload: data contained within the message, stored until processed
,- SQS queues: where messages are placed until they are processed
- example of loosely coupled architecture: single failure won't cause cascading failures
in processing
What is SNS?
Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS): used to send out messages, notifications,
uses pub-sub module
- SNS topic: channel for messages to be delivered, subscribers will receive message
placed there
What does 'serverless compute option' mean? Give an example
You cannot see or access the underlying infrastructure or instances that are hosting
your app; so everything (patching, scaling) is taken care of by AWS
e.g.: AWS Lambda, AWS container services
What is AWS Lambda?
AWS Lambda - server less compute option
- service that allows to create lambda function from your code, configure the trigger
- when trigger is detected the code is run in the prepared environment
- lambda is automatically scalable (when a lot of incoming triggers)
- designed to run code under 15 mins, so for fast responses
What are AWS container services? Explain and provide examples
AWS container services: container orchestration tools
-> container = a docker container
-> container = package for your code, with dependencies, configs etc., these containers
run on the top of EC2 and run in isolation from each other, but host is EC2 instance
e.g.:
1. Amazon Elastic Kubernetes service (EKS)
2. AWS Elastic Container Service (ECS): container orchestrator (number of containers =
cluster), ECS is designed to run containerized apps at scale without managing own
container orchestration software
What is AWS Fargate?
Fargate is a serverless compute engine for containers that works with both Amazon
ECS and EKS
, -> EKS & ECS can run on the top of EC2 but also can be run in AWS Fargate
(serverless compute platform)
When using AWS Fargate, you do not need to provision or manage servers.
AWS Fargate manages your server infrastructure for you. You can focus more on
innovating and developing your applications, and you pay only for the resources that are
required to run your containers.
What is a container?
Container: isolated environment for your code
- a container has no knowledge of your operating system, or your files
- it runs on the environment provided to you by Docker Desktop
- containers have everything that your code needs to run, down to a base operating
system
- You can use Docker Desktop to manage and explore your containers
Describe difference between types of needs and appropriate approaches to use
of compute services in AWS (EC2, Lambda, Container services)
Compute services
- need for host traditional applications, need full access to the OS? => use amazon EC2
- need to host short running functions, service-oriented applications, event driven
applications, no provisioning or managing servers? => use AWS Lambda
- need to run docker container-based workloads on AWS? -> Amazon ECS or Amazon
EKS on EC2 // or when serverless AWS Fargate
Describe what is cloud computing
Cloud computing - on-demand delivery of IT resources over the internet with pay-as-
you-go pricing
What are regions in AWS?
Geographically isolated areas which contain Availability Zones (AZs)
What does regional data sovereignty concept mean?
It means that data lives where region is, not in any other geographical locations
Name and describe 4 main aspects while choosing a Region in AWS to deploy
your services
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
What is Multitenancy?
Idea of sharing underlined hardware between virtual machines -> hypervisor is
responsible for coordinating multitenancy; 1 EC2 is not aware of another EC2 on the
same host.
Name EC2 instance types & families and describe them
Instance types offer different combinations of CPU, memory, storage, networking
capacity; they are grouped under families
- General purpose: good balance for diverse workflows (web servers, code repositories)
- Compute optimized: ideal for compute intensive tasks (gaming servers, high
performance computing HPC, scientific modeling)
- Memory optimized: memory intensive tasks
- Accelerated computing: good for floating point numbers calculations, graphic
processing, data pattern matching, as they use utilize hardware accelerators
- Storage optimized: good for high performance for locally stored data
What is EC2?
Elastic Compute Cloud - A VM, hosted in AWS instead of a personal data center
Describe pricing of EC2 instances
- On-demand: pay only for time when EC2 runs
- Savings plan: low prices for EC2 in exchange for commitment for specific price and
amount of time of EC2 instance usage (dollar/hour) for next 1 or 3 years => the
commitment to spend a particular dollar amount per hour over a specific period
,- Reserved instances: suited for steady workflows, commitment for 1 or 3 year term and
payment (payment options: all upfront, partial upfront, no upfront) => the commitment to
use an instance at a particular price over a specific period,
- Spot instances: 90% off demand price, AWS can reclaim instance when they need it in
short time period, good for workflows that can be interrupted
- Dedicated hosts: host dedicated only for your EC2
Explain EC2 auto scaling
EC2 Auto Scaling - adds instances based on demand and then removes instances
when they are no longer needed
2 types of scaling:
- scale vertically: add more power to the machines when they are running
- scale horizontally: multiply the number of instances
for EC2 Auto Scaling (allows to set automated horizontal scaling) we can set:
- minimum capacity
- desired capacity
- maximum capacity
What is ELB?
Elastic Load Balancing service (ELB) - managed service, runs on region level, ELB is
automatically scalable to handle additional throughput; it communicates with EC2
instances
-> Can communicate front end with back end - to manage the traffic.
Load balancing: takes requests and routes them the instances to be processed
- main task: properly distribute traffic
What is SQS?
Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS): send, store, receive messages between
software components at any volume
- Payload: data contained within the message, stored until processed
,- SQS queues: where messages are placed until they are processed
- example of loosely coupled architecture: single failure won't cause cascading failures
in processing
What is SNS?
Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS): used to send out messages, notifications,
uses pub-sub module
- SNS topic: channel for messages to be delivered, subscribers will receive message
placed there
What does 'serverless compute option' mean? Give an example
You cannot see or access the underlying infrastructure or instances that are hosting
your app; so everything (patching, scaling) is taken care of by AWS
e.g.: AWS Lambda, AWS container services
What is AWS Lambda?
AWS Lambda - server less compute option
- service that allows to create lambda function from your code, configure the trigger
- when trigger is detected the code is run in the prepared environment
- lambda is automatically scalable (when a lot of incoming triggers)
- designed to run code under 15 mins, so for fast responses
What are AWS container services? Explain and provide examples
AWS container services: container orchestration tools
-> container = a docker container
-> container = package for your code, with dependencies, configs etc., these containers
run on the top of EC2 and run in isolation from each other, but host is EC2 instance
e.g.:
1. Amazon Elastic Kubernetes service (EKS)
2. AWS Elastic Container Service (ECS): container orchestrator (number of containers =
cluster), ECS is designed to run containerized apps at scale without managing own
container orchestration software
What is AWS Fargate?
Fargate is a serverless compute engine for containers that works with both Amazon
ECS and EKS
, -> EKS & ECS can run on the top of EC2 but also can be run in AWS Fargate
(serverless compute platform)
When using AWS Fargate, you do not need to provision or manage servers.
AWS Fargate manages your server infrastructure for you. You can focus more on
innovating and developing your applications, and you pay only for the resources that are
required to run your containers.
What is a container?
Container: isolated environment for your code
- a container has no knowledge of your operating system, or your files
- it runs on the environment provided to you by Docker Desktop
- containers have everything that your code needs to run, down to a base operating
system
- You can use Docker Desktop to manage and explore your containers
Describe difference between types of needs and appropriate approaches to use
of compute services in AWS (EC2, Lambda, Container services)
Compute services
- need for host traditional applications, need full access to the OS? => use amazon EC2
- need to host short running functions, service-oriented applications, event driven
applications, no provisioning or managing servers? => use AWS Lambda
- need to run docker container-based workloads on AWS? -> Amazon ECS or Amazon
EKS on EC2 // or when serverless AWS Fargate
Describe what is cloud computing
Cloud computing - on-demand delivery of IT resources over the internet with pay-as-
you-go pricing
What are regions in AWS?
Geographically isolated areas which contain Availability Zones (AZs)
What does regional data sovereignty concept mean?
It means that data lives where region is, not in any other geographical locations
Name and describe 4 main aspects while choosing a Region in AWS to deploy
your services
