BIO FINAL EXAM Questions & Answers 100% Correct!!

Methylation and acetylation, which involve chemical tags covering DNA and histones, respectively, each contribute to the... - ANSWEREpigenome What is the difference between the DNA code and epigenome? The DNA code is _____. - ANSWERFixed for life, while the epigenome is flexible. Consider the case of identical twins Joe and Sam, who are infants. If their DNA code is sequenced, what would one most likely find? Their DNA sequences _____. - ANSWERAre nearly carbon copies Consider the case of the identical twins Sam and Joe once again, but they are now 60 years old. What is the most likely finding if their epigenomes are examined? - ANSWERTheir epigenomes differ from one another. When cells are exposed to chemicals that damage their DNA, what is the typical response of the cell? - ANSWERNormal biochemical repair processes in the cell fix any changes In the "sneaky salmon" case study, why are female mimics still found in each generation? - ANSWERThey have a different reproductive strategy from dominant males and it works. A specific gene is known to code for 3 different but relevant related proteins. This could be due to what? - ANSWERAlternative RNA splicing Even though the 2 cells have numerous transcription factors and many are present in both cells, the lens cell makes the crystallin protein (not albumin), whereas the liver cell makes albumin (not crystallin). What explains this cell specificity? - ANSWERSpecific transcription factors made in the cell determine which genes are expressed. The shape of an organ, the number of brain cells in an embryonic brain, the removal of mutated cells, and the webbing cells between the toes of a human embryo are all regulated by what? - ANSWERCertain cells dying Gene regulation - ANSWERMaternal effect genes (bicoid and nanos) Gap genes Pair rule genes Homeotic genes Scientists showed that bicoid mRNA, and then its bicoid protein, is normally found in the highest concentrations in the fly's anterior. What would happen if Bicoid were injected at