Unit 1: PSYC388 A+ Questions and
Answers 2024
Counselling - ANS-Counselling is the skilled and principled use of relationship to
facilitate self-knowledge, emotional acceptance and growth and the optimal
development of personal resources. The overall aim of counsellors is to provide and
opportunity for people to work towards living more satisfyingly and resourcefully.
Counselling relationships will vary according to need but may be concerned with
developmental issues, addressing and resolving specific problems, making decisions,
coping with crisis, developing personal insights and knowledge, working through
feelings or inner conflict or improving relationships with others.
What are the similarities and differences between guidance, counselling, and
psychotherapy? - ANS-Similarities: communication based, help people solve problems,
issues and develop healthy ways to approach choices. Help from an outside party is
beneficial. Clients should be treated with dignity and respect. The client is ultimately the
decision maker. Use a series of counselling skills and involve a relationship between
two or more people using conventions associated with good counselling practice.
Psychotherapy - ANS-Psychotherapy focuses more on problems defined by the
therapist or client and is generally less development and less holistic than counselling.
More likely to use a medical model than other options. Implies the application of a
right/wrong, healthy/unhealthy characterization. May be required when a client is
assumed to have deeply-ingrained maladaptive behaviours. Do not assume they have
the correct answer, but help their clients determine the best decision for themselves.
Processes that seek to help people improve their well-being and increase their ability to
solve problems and make decisions for both present and the future. Considered to be
holistic. PROBLEM-SOLVING
Counselling - ANS-Counselling is more developmentally and holistically orientated.
Tends to be the most developmentally-orientated approach. Do not assume they have
the correct answer, but help their clients determine the best decision for themselves.
Processes that seek to help people improve their well-being and increase their ability to
solve problems and make decisions for both present and the future. Considered to be
holistic. PROBLEM-SOLVING
Guidance - ANS-Guidance: focus on helping their clients make the right decision on
, specific issues, where the guidance counsellor's expertise defines right and wrong.
Focuses on assisting a person to make a time- and context- limited decision(s).
SOLVING THE PROBLEM. Guidance is usually focused on specific issues with time
and context-limited perspective for decision-making. Focuses on an external solution
that fits the possibilities open to the client and is less focuses on feelings. Applying
expertise for making the smartest or wisest choice for a time- and context-limited
decision, for which there is an external criterion, such as getting a job that will work for
one's circumstances, choosing a school or program, etc.
Why are there differences in usage? - ANS-•adherence to certain theoretical
approaches
•licensing demands/requirements
•employer demands, guidelines and expectations
•the history of the client
•professional discipline
•label of specific approach (e.g. Cognitive behaviour therapy)
•scope of practice
•clinician's personal preferences
Why is there confusion? - ANS
What are the implications of having inconsistent usage of the terms? - ANS-•poorer
quality of research in the field
•confusion by those who are trying to learn to be counsellors
•confusion by consumers or potential consumers, because they will be unsure of what
they should expect in their individual circumstances.
Why do you need to understand the complexities of these distinctions? - ANS-It
develops your knowledge about the specifics discussed and helps you recognize the
complex nature of this field.
Changing Demographics of Canada and Counselling - ANS
Clarence Hincks - ANS-A pioneer of Canada's mental health. Medical Doctor Who
experienced periods of depression. Founded the Canadian national committee for
mental hygiene with Beers. Goals included improved facilities for diagnosis and
treatment of mentally ill and efficient, psychiatric assessment of military recruits and
treatment for soldiers experiencing mental difficulties, prevention of mental illness, and
psychological assessment of immigrants after the war.
Answers 2024
Counselling - ANS-Counselling is the skilled and principled use of relationship to
facilitate self-knowledge, emotional acceptance and growth and the optimal
development of personal resources. The overall aim of counsellors is to provide and
opportunity for people to work towards living more satisfyingly and resourcefully.
Counselling relationships will vary according to need but may be concerned with
developmental issues, addressing and resolving specific problems, making decisions,
coping with crisis, developing personal insights and knowledge, working through
feelings or inner conflict or improving relationships with others.
What are the similarities and differences between guidance, counselling, and
psychotherapy? - ANS-Similarities: communication based, help people solve problems,
issues and develop healthy ways to approach choices. Help from an outside party is
beneficial. Clients should be treated with dignity and respect. The client is ultimately the
decision maker. Use a series of counselling skills and involve a relationship between
two or more people using conventions associated with good counselling practice.
Psychotherapy - ANS-Psychotherapy focuses more on problems defined by the
therapist or client and is generally less development and less holistic than counselling.
More likely to use a medical model than other options. Implies the application of a
right/wrong, healthy/unhealthy characterization. May be required when a client is
assumed to have deeply-ingrained maladaptive behaviours. Do not assume they have
the correct answer, but help their clients determine the best decision for themselves.
Processes that seek to help people improve their well-being and increase their ability to
solve problems and make decisions for both present and the future. Considered to be
holistic. PROBLEM-SOLVING
Counselling - ANS-Counselling is more developmentally and holistically orientated.
Tends to be the most developmentally-orientated approach. Do not assume they have
the correct answer, but help their clients determine the best decision for themselves.
Processes that seek to help people improve their well-being and increase their ability to
solve problems and make decisions for both present and the future. Considered to be
holistic. PROBLEM-SOLVING
Guidance - ANS-Guidance: focus on helping their clients make the right decision on
, specific issues, where the guidance counsellor's expertise defines right and wrong.
Focuses on assisting a person to make a time- and context- limited decision(s).
SOLVING THE PROBLEM. Guidance is usually focused on specific issues with time
and context-limited perspective for decision-making. Focuses on an external solution
that fits the possibilities open to the client and is less focuses on feelings. Applying
expertise for making the smartest or wisest choice for a time- and context-limited
decision, for which there is an external criterion, such as getting a job that will work for
one's circumstances, choosing a school or program, etc.
Why are there differences in usage? - ANS-•adherence to certain theoretical
approaches
•licensing demands/requirements
•employer demands, guidelines and expectations
•the history of the client
•professional discipline
•label of specific approach (e.g. Cognitive behaviour therapy)
•scope of practice
•clinician's personal preferences
Why is there confusion? - ANS
What are the implications of having inconsistent usage of the terms? - ANS-•poorer
quality of research in the field
•confusion by those who are trying to learn to be counsellors
•confusion by consumers or potential consumers, because they will be unsure of what
they should expect in their individual circumstances.
Why do you need to understand the complexities of these distinctions? - ANS-It
develops your knowledge about the specifics discussed and helps you recognize the
complex nature of this field.
Changing Demographics of Canada and Counselling - ANS
Clarence Hincks - ANS-A pioneer of Canada's mental health. Medical Doctor Who
experienced periods of depression. Founded the Canadian national committee for
mental hygiene with Beers. Goals included improved facilities for diagnosis and
treatment of mentally ill and efficient, psychiatric assessment of military recruits and
treatment for soldiers experiencing mental difficulties, prevention of mental illness, and
psychological assessment of immigrants after the war.
