,
,
,
,impacted by a hurricane causing massive flooding and severe wind damage. The Federal
government declared this to be a natural disaster which has recently ended. During this period
Anthony's initial enrollment period expired. Anthony asks you how he can now obtain Medicare
coverage. What should you say?
Answer✔: Anthony is eligible for a special enrollment period (SEP) because he missed an
enrollment period due to the impact of the Federally declared disaster. This SEP will allow
Anthony to enroll in Part B up to six months after the end of the emergency declaration. Anthony
may enroll in premium-free Part A at any time and his Part A coverage will be retroactive for up
to 6 months.
QUESTION
Ms. Lewis has aggressive cancer and would like to know if Medicare will cover hospice services
in case she needs them. What should you tell her? - Answer✔: Medicare covers hospice services,
and they will be available for her.
QUESTION
Edward suffered from serious kidney disease. As a result, Edward became eligible for Medicare
coverage due to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). A close relative donated their kidney and
Edward successfully underwent transplant surgery 12 months ago. Edward is now age 50 and
asks you if his Medicare coverage will continue, what should you say? - Answer✔: Individuals
eligible for Medicare based on ESRD generally lose eligibility 36 months after the month in
which the individual receives a kidney transplant unless they are eligible for Medicare on another
basis such as age or disability. Edward may, however, remain enrolled in Part B but solely for
coverage of immunosuppressive drugs if he has no other health care coverage that would cover
the drugs.
QUESTION
Mrs. Foster is covered by Original Medicare. She sustained a hip fracture and is being
successfully treated for that condition. However, she and her physicians feel that after her
lengthy hospital stay, she will need a month or two of nursing and rehabilitative care. What
should you tell them about Original Medicare's coverage of care in a skilled nursing facility? -
Answer✔: Medicare will cover Mrs. Foster's skilled nursing services provided during the first 20
days of her stay, after which she would have a copay until she has been in the facility for 100
days.
,Madeline Martinez was widowed several years ago. Her husband worked for many years and
contributed into the Medicare system. He also left a substantial estate which provides Madeline
with an annual income of approximately $130,000. Madeline, who has only worked part-time for
the last three years, will soon turn age 65 and hopes to enroll in Original Medicare. She comes to
you for advice. What should you tell her? - Answer✔: You should tell Madeline that she will be
able to enroll in Medicare Part A without paying monthly premiums due to her husband's long
work record and participation in the Medicare system. You should also tell Madeline that she
will pay Part B premiums at more than the standard lowest rate but less than the highest rate due
her substantial income.
Mrs. Thomas is 66 years old, has coverage under an employer plan, and will retire next year. She
heard she must enroll in Part B at the beginning of the year to ensure no gap in coverage. What
can you tell her? - Answer✔: She may enroll at any time while she is covered under her
employer plan, but she will have a special eight-month enrollment period after the last month on
her employer plan that differs from the standard general enrollment period, during which she
may enroll in Medicare Part B.
Mildred Savage enrolled in Allcare Medicare Advantage plan several years ago. Mildred
recently learned that she is suffering from inoperable cancer and has just a few months to live.
She would like to spend these final months in hospice care. Mildred's family asks you whether
hospice benefits will be paid for under the Allcare Medicare Advantage plan. What should you
say? - Answer✔: Mildred may remain enrolled in Allcare and make a hospice election. Hospice
benefits will be paid for by Original Medicare under Part A and Allcare will continue to pay for
any non-hospice services.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct about a Medicare Savings Account (MSA)
Plans?
I. MSAs may have either a partial network, full network, or no network of providers.
II. MSA plans cover Part A and Part B benefits but not Part D prescription drug benefits.
III. An individual who is enrolled in an MSA plan is responsible for a minimal deductible of
$500 indexed for inflation.
IV. Non-network providers must accept the same amount that Original Medicare would pay them
as payment in full. - Answer✔: I, II, and IV only
,Mr. Arias, a naturalized citizen, previously enrolled in Medicare Part B but has recently stopped
paying his Part B premium. Mr. Arias is still covered by Part A. He would like to enroll in a
Medicare Advantage (MA) plan and is still covered by Part A. What should you tell him? -
Answer✔: He is not eligible to enroll in a Medicare Advantage plan until he re-enrolls in
Medicare Part B.
Mrs. Lester is age 75 and enjoys a comfortable but not extremely high-income level. She wishes
to enroll in an MA MSA plan that she heard about from her neighbor. She also wants to have
prescription drug coverage since her doctor recently prescribed several expensive medications.
Currently, she is enrolled in Original Medicare and a standalone Part D plan. How would you
advise Mrs. Lester? - Answer✔: Mrs. Lester may enroll in an MA MSA plan and remain in her
current standalone Part D prescription drug plan.
Herber Noble is turning 65 next month, Herber legally entered the United States over twenty
years ago but is not a citizen. Since his entry into the country, Herber has worked at Smallcap
Incorporated and contributed to the Medicare system. Herber suffers from diabetes. He will soon
retire and asks you if he can enroll in a Medicare Advantage plan that you represent. How would
you respond? - Answer✔: Herber is eligible to enroll in Medicare Advantage as long as he is
entitled to Part A and enrolled in Part B. Herber should go to the Social Security website to
enroll in Medicare Part A and B if he has not done so already. Once he is enrolled, he can choose
a Medicare Advantage plan.
Mr. Bryant enjoys a comfortable retirement income. He recently had surgery and expected that
he would have certain services and items covered by the plan with minimal out-of-pocket costs
because his MA-PD coverage has been very good. However, when he received the bill, he was
surprised to see large charges in excess of his maximum out-of-pocket limit that included some
services and items he thought would be fully covered. He called you to ask what he could do?
What could you tell him? - Answer✔: You can offer to review the plans appeal process to help
him ask the plan to review the coverage decision.
Mr. Dalton is in excellent health, lives in his own home, and has a sizeable income from his
investments. He has a friend enrolled in a Medicare Advantage Special Needs Plan (SNP). His
friend has mentioned that the SNP charges very low cost-sharing amounts and Mr. Dalton would
like to join that plan. What should you tell him? - Answer✔: SNPs limit enrollment to certain
subpopulations of beneficiaries. Given his current situation, he is unlikely to qualify and would
not be able to enroll in the SNP.
,Mr. Kumar is considering a Medicare Advantage HMO and has questions about his ability to
access providers. What should you tell him? - Answer✔: In most Medicare Advantage HMOs,
Mr. Kumar must generally obtain his services only from providers within the plan's network
(except in an emergency or where care is unavailable within the network).
Mr. Anderson wants to know whether he is eligible to sign up for a Private fee-for-service
(PFFS) plan. What questions would you need to ask to determine his eligibility? - Answer✔:
You would need to ask Mr. Anderson if he is entitled to Part A, enrolled in Part B, and if he lives
in the PFFS plan's service area.
Mr. Abbott has heard that he can sign up for a product called "Medicare Advantage" but is not
sure about what type of plan designs are available through this program. What should you tell
him about the types of health plans that are available through the Medicare Advantage program?
- Answer✔: There are Medicare health plans such as HMOs, PPOs, PFFS, and MSAs.
Mr. Trevino notes that a Private Fee-for-Service (PFFS) plan available in his area has an
attractive premium. He wants to know if he must use doctors in a network as his current HMO
plan requires him to do. What should you tell him? - Answer✔: He may receive health care
services from any doctor allowed to bill Medicare, if he shows the doctor the plan's identification
card and the doctor agrees to accept the PFFS plan's payment terms and conditions, which could
include balance billing.
Mrs. Robles is considering a Medicare Advantage PPO and has questions about which providers
she can go to for her health care. What should you tell her? - Answer✔: Mrs. Robles can obtain
care from any provider who participates in Original Medicare, but generally will have a higher
cost-sharing amount if she sees a provider who/that is not a part of the PPO network.
Tariq is a Medicare beneficiary who is considering switching to a Medicare Advantage plan
during this year's open enrollment season. He has read about prior authorization and the need for
referrals in the newspapers and asks you what type of plans can require prior authorization. What
do you say? - Answer✔: HMOs can require prior authorization for out-of-network services
except for emergency services and certain other carved-out services. HMOs may also require
referrals for in-network specialist services.
,Henrietta Ross is an elderly individual enrolled in a fully integrated dual-eligible (FIDE) special
needs plan (SNP). Henrietta's daughter Gladys asks you to explain what a FIDE-SNP offers her
mother. What do you say? - Answer✔: FIDE-SNPs provide individuals access to Medicare and
Medicaid benefits under a single organization that has both a Medicare Advantage and Medicaid
managed care contract with CMS.
Mrs. Joy, age 65, is entitled to Part A but has not yet enrolled in Part B. She is considering
enrolling in a Medicare Advantage plan (Part C). What should you advise her to do before she
can enroll in a Medicare Advantage plan? - Answer✔: To join a Medicare Advantage plan, she
also must enroll in Part B.
Mr. Barrow has diabetes and heart trouble and is generally satisfied with the care he has received
under Original Medicare, but he would like to know more about Medicare Advantage Special
Needs Plans (SNPs). What could you tell him? - Answer✔: SNPs have special programs for
enrollees with chronic conditions, like Mr. Barrow, and they provide prescription drug coverage
that could be very helpful as well.
Mrs. Sanchez cares for her frail elderly mother, Maria, who lives in North Carolina. She is
worried that without additional support, her mother will need to go into a nursing home. Mrs.
Sanchez asks you if there is any Medicare plan that might allow her mother to remain in the
community rather than going into a nursing home. How should you advise Mrs. Sanchez? -
Answer✔: There are Programs of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE) for frail elderly
beneficiaries certified as needing a nursing home level of care but are able to live safely in the
community at the time of enrolment.
Dr. Elizabeth Morgan does not contract with the ABC PFFS plan but accepts the plan's terms and
conditions for payment. Mary Rodgers sees Dr. Morgan for treatment. How much may Dr.
Morgan charge? - Answer✔: Dr. Morgan can charge Mary Rogers no more than the cost sharing
specified in the PFFS plan's terms and condition of payment which may include balance billing
up to 15% of the Medicare rate.
Mr. Pham is a Qualified Medicare Beneficiary (QMB). He enrolls in a Medicare Advantage
HMO. Shortly thereafter, Mr. Pham visits his primary care provider (PCP), Dr. Maria Sanchez.
Mr. Pham complains of a bad cold and receives care - a Medicare-covered service. The normal
copayment is $40. How much may Dr. Sanchez collects? - Answer✔: The minimal copayment
that would apply under Medicaid, regardless of what the plan requires of other enrollees.
, Raymond is a middle-income Medicare beneficiary. He has chronic bronchitis, putting him at
severe risk for pneumonia. Otherwise, he has no problems functioning. Which type of SNP is
likely to be most appropriate for him? - Answer✔: C-SNP
Mrs. Nelson likes a Private Fee-for-Service (PFFS) plan available in her area that does not
include drug coverage. She wants to enroll in the plan and enroll in a stand-alone prescription
drug plan. What should you tell her? - Answer✔: She could enroll in a PFFS plan and a stand-
alone Medicare prescription drug plan.
Mrs. Nguyen is a retired federal worker with coverage under a Federal Employee Health
Benefits (FEHB) plan that includes creditable drug coverage. She is ready to turn 65 and become
Medicare eligible for the first time. What issues might she consider about whether to enroll in a
Medicare prescription drug plan? - Answer✔: She could compare the coverage to see if the
Medicare Part D plan offers better benefits and coverage than the FEHB plan for the specific
medications she needs and whether any additional benefits are worth the Part D premium costs
on top of her FEHB contribution.
Mrs. Duran is enrolled in a prescription drug plan. She has heard about something called True-
Out-Pocket costs or "TrOOP" and asks you if any of the following count toward reaching the
catastrophic coverage phase. What do you say?
I. Her annual PDP deductible
II. Supplemental coverage provided by an employer group waiver plan
III. The off formulary drug her doctor prescribed but she pays for because the plan denied her
exception request
IV. Her over-the-counter (OTC) allergy medication. - Answer✔: I and II only
Mrs. Castro has just turned 65, is in excellent health and has a relatively high income. She uses
no medications and sees no reason to spend money on a Medicare prescription drug plan if she
does not need the coverage. She currently does not have creditable coverage. What could you tell
her about the implications of such a decision? - Answer✔: If she does not sign up for a Medicare
prescription drug plan as soon as she is eligible to do so, and if she does sign up at a later date,
her premium will be permanently increased by 1% of the national average premium for every
month that she was not covered.
,
,
,impacted by a hurricane causing massive flooding and severe wind damage. The Federal
government declared this to be a natural disaster which has recently ended. During this period
Anthony's initial enrollment period expired. Anthony asks you how he can now obtain Medicare
coverage. What should you say?
Answer✔: Anthony is eligible for a special enrollment period (SEP) because he missed an
enrollment period due to the impact of the Federally declared disaster. This SEP will allow
Anthony to enroll in Part B up to six months after the end of the emergency declaration. Anthony
may enroll in premium-free Part A at any time and his Part A coverage will be retroactive for up
to 6 months.
QUESTION
Ms. Lewis has aggressive cancer and would like to know if Medicare will cover hospice services
in case she needs them. What should you tell her? - Answer✔: Medicare covers hospice services,
and they will be available for her.
QUESTION
Edward suffered from serious kidney disease. As a result, Edward became eligible for Medicare
coverage due to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). A close relative donated their kidney and
Edward successfully underwent transplant surgery 12 months ago. Edward is now age 50 and
asks you if his Medicare coverage will continue, what should you say? - Answer✔: Individuals
eligible for Medicare based on ESRD generally lose eligibility 36 months after the month in
which the individual receives a kidney transplant unless they are eligible for Medicare on another
basis such as age or disability. Edward may, however, remain enrolled in Part B but solely for
coverage of immunosuppressive drugs if he has no other health care coverage that would cover
the drugs.
QUESTION
Mrs. Foster is covered by Original Medicare. She sustained a hip fracture and is being
successfully treated for that condition. However, she and her physicians feel that after her
lengthy hospital stay, she will need a month or two of nursing and rehabilitative care. What
should you tell them about Original Medicare's coverage of care in a skilled nursing facility? -
Answer✔: Medicare will cover Mrs. Foster's skilled nursing services provided during the first 20
days of her stay, after which she would have a copay until she has been in the facility for 100
days.
,Madeline Martinez was widowed several years ago. Her husband worked for many years and
contributed into the Medicare system. He also left a substantial estate which provides Madeline
with an annual income of approximately $130,000. Madeline, who has only worked part-time for
the last three years, will soon turn age 65 and hopes to enroll in Original Medicare. She comes to
you for advice. What should you tell her? - Answer✔: You should tell Madeline that she will be
able to enroll in Medicare Part A without paying monthly premiums due to her husband's long
work record and participation in the Medicare system. You should also tell Madeline that she
will pay Part B premiums at more than the standard lowest rate but less than the highest rate due
her substantial income.
Mrs. Thomas is 66 years old, has coverage under an employer plan, and will retire next year. She
heard she must enroll in Part B at the beginning of the year to ensure no gap in coverage. What
can you tell her? - Answer✔: She may enroll at any time while she is covered under her
employer plan, but she will have a special eight-month enrollment period after the last month on
her employer plan that differs from the standard general enrollment period, during which she
may enroll in Medicare Part B.
Mildred Savage enrolled in Allcare Medicare Advantage plan several years ago. Mildred
recently learned that she is suffering from inoperable cancer and has just a few months to live.
She would like to spend these final months in hospice care. Mildred's family asks you whether
hospice benefits will be paid for under the Allcare Medicare Advantage plan. What should you
say? - Answer✔: Mildred may remain enrolled in Allcare and make a hospice election. Hospice
benefits will be paid for by Original Medicare under Part A and Allcare will continue to pay for
any non-hospice services.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct about a Medicare Savings Account (MSA)
Plans?
I. MSAs may have either a partial network, full network, or no network of providers.
II. MSA plans cover Part A and Part B benefits but not Part D prescription drug benefits.
III. An individual who is enrolled in an MSA plan is responsible for a minimal deductible of
$500 indexed for inflation.
IV. Non-network providers must accept the same amount that Original Medicare would pay them
as payment in full. - Answer✔: I, II, and IV only
,Mr. Arias, a naturalized citizen, previously enrolled in Medicare Part B but has recently stopped
paying his Part B premium. Mr. Arias is still covered by Part A. He would like to enroll in a
Medicare Advantage (MA) plan and is still covered by Part A. What should you tell him? -
Answer✔: He is not eligible to enroll in a Medicare Advantage plan until he re-enrolls in
Medicare Part B.
Mrs. Lester is age 75 and enjoys a comfortable but not extremely high-income level. She wishes
to enroll in an MA MSA plan that she heard about from her neighbor. She also wants to have
prescription drug coverage since her doctor recently prescribed several expensive medications.
Currently, she is enrolled in Original Medicare and a standalone Part D plan. How would you
advise Mrs. Lester? - Answer✔: Mrs. Lester may enroll in an MA MSA plan and remain in her
current standalone Part D prescription drug plan.
Herber Noble is turning 65 next month, Herber legally entered the United States over twenty
years ago but is not a citizen. Since his entry into the country, Herber has worked at Smallcap
Incorporated and contributed to the Medicare system. Herber suffers from diabetes. He will soon
retire and asks you if he can enroll in a Medicare Advantage plan that you represent. How would
you respond? - Answer✔: Herber is eligible to enroll in Medicare Advantage as long as he is
entitled to Part A and enrolled in Part B. Herber should go to the Social Security website to
enroll in Medicare Part A and B if he has not done so already. Once he is enrolled, he can choose
a Medicare Advantage plan.
Mr. Bryant enjoys a comfortable retirement income. He recently had surgery and expected that
he would have certain services and items covered by the plan with minimal out-of-pocket costs
because his MA-PD coverage has been very good. However, when he received the bill, he was
surprised to see large charges in excess of his maximum out-of-pocket limit that included some
services and items he thought would be fully covered. He called you to ask what he could do?
What could you tell him? - Answer✔: You can offer to review the plans appeal process to help
him ask the plan to review the coverage decision.
Mr. Dalton is in excellent health, lives in his own home, and has a sizeable income from his
investments. He has a friend enrolled in a Medicare Advantage Special Needs Plan (SNP). His
friend has mentioned that the SNP charges very low cost-sharing amounts and Mr. Dalton would
like to join that plan. What should you tell him? - Answer✔: SNPs limit enrollment to certain
subpopulations of beneficiaries. Given his current situation, he is unlikely to qualify and would
not be able to enroll in the SNP.
,Mr. Kumar is considering a Medicare Advantage HMO and has questions about his ability to
access providers. What should you tell him? - Answer✔: In most Medicare Advantage HMOs,
Mr. Kumar must generally obtain his services only from providers within the plan's network
(except in an emergency or where care is unavailable within the network).
Mr. Anderson wants to know whether he is eligible to sign up for a Private fee-for-service
(PFFS) plan. What questions would you need to ask to determine his eligibility? - Answer✔:
You would need to ask Mr. Anderson if he is entitled to Part A, enrolled in Part B, and if he lives
in the PFFS plan's service area.
Mr. Abbott has heard that he can sign up for a product called "Medicare Advantage" but is not
sure about what type of plan designs are available through this program. What should you tell
him about the types of health plans that are available through the Medicare Advantage program?
- Answer✔: There are Medicare health plans such as HMOs, PPOs, PFFS, and MSAs.
Mr. Trevino notes that a Private Fee-for-Service (PFFS) plan available in his area has an
attractive premium. He wants to know if he must use doctors in a network as his current HMO
plan requires him to do. What should you tell him? - Answer✔: He may receive health care
services from any doctor allowed to bill Medicare, if he shows the doctor the plan's identification
card and the doctor agrees to accept the PFFS plan's payment terms and conditions, which could
include balance billing.
Mrs. Robles is considering a Medicare Advantage PPO and has questions about which providers
she can go to for her health care. What should you tell her? - Answer✔: Mrs. Robles can obtain
care from any provider who participates in Original Medicare, but generally will have a higher
cost-sharing amount if she sees a provider who/that is not a part of the PPO network.
Tariq is a Medicare beneficiary who is considering switching to a Medicare Advantage plan
during this year's open enrollment season. He has read about prior authorization and the need for
referrals in the newspapers and asks you what type of plans can require prior authorization. What
do you say? - Answer✔: HMOs can require prior authorization for out-of-network services
except for emergency services and certain other carved-out services. HMOs may also require
referrals for in-network specialist services.
,Henrietta Ross is an elderly individual enrolled in a fully integrated dual-eligible (FIDE) special
needs plan (SNP). Henrietta's daughter Gladys asks you to explain what a FIDE-SNP offers her
mother. What do you say? - Answer✔: FIDE-SNPs provide individuals access to Medicare and
Medicaid benefits under a single organization that has both a Medicare Advantage and Medicaid
managed care contract with CMS.
Mrs. Joy, age 65, is entitled to Part A but has not yet enrolled in Part B. She is considering
enrolling in a Medicare Advantage plan (Part C). What should you advise her to do before she
can enroll in a Medicare Advantage plan? - Answer✔: To join a Medicare Advantage plan, she
also must enroll in Part B.
Mr. Barrow has diabetes and heart trouble and is generally satisfied with the care he has received
under Original Medicare, but he would like to know more about Medicare Advantage Special
Needs Plans (SNPs). What could you tell him? - Answer✔: SNPs have special programs for
enrollees with chronic conditions, like Mr. Barrow, and they provide prescription drug coverage
that could be very helpful as well.
Mrs. Sanchez cares for her frail elderly mother, Maria, who lives in North Carolina. She is
worried that without additional support, her mother will need to go into a nursing home. Mrs.
Sanchez asks you if there is any Medicare plan that might allow her mother to remain in the
community rather than going into a nursing home. How should you advise Mrs. Sanchez? -
Answer✔: There are Programs of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE) for frail elderly
beneficiaries certified as needing a nursing home level of care but are able to live safely in the
community at the time of enrolment.
Dr. Elizabeth Morgan does not contract with the ABC PFFS plan but accepts the plan's terms and
conditions for payment. Mary Rodgers sees Dr. Morgan for treatment. How much may Dr.
Morgan charge? - Answer✔: Dr. Morgan can charge Mary Rogers no more than the cost sharing
specified in the PFFS plan's terms and condition of payment which may include balance billing
up to 15% of the Medicare rate.
Mr. Pham is a Qualified Medicare Beneficiary (QMB). He enrolls in a Medicare Advantage
HMO. Shortly thereafter, Mr. Pham visits his primary care provider (PCP), Dr. Maria Sanchez.
Mr. Pham complains of a bad cold and receives care - a Medicare-covered service. The normal
copayment is $40. How much may Dr. Sanchez collects? - Answer✔: The minimal copayment
that would apply under Medicaid, regardless of what the plan requires of other enrollees.
, Raymond is a middle-income Medicare beneficiary. He has chronic bronchitis, putting him at
severe risk for pneumonia. Otherwise, he has no problems functioning. Which type of SNP is
likely to be most appropriate for him? - Answer✔: C-SNP
Mrs. Nelson likes a Private Fee-for-Service (PFFS) plan available in her area that does not
include drug coverage. She wants to enroll in the plan and enroll in a stand-alone prescription
drug plan. What should you tell her? - Answer✔: She could enroll in a PFFS plan and a stand-
alone Medicare prescription drug plan.
Mrs. Nguyen is a retired federal worker with coverage under a Federal Employee Health
Benefits (FEHB) plan that includes creditable drug coverage. She is ready to turn 65 and become
Medicare eligible for the first time. What issues might she consider about whether to enroll in a
Medicare prescription drug plan? - Answer✔: She could compare the coverage to see if the
Medicare Part D plan offers better benefits and coverage than the FEHB plan for the specific
medications she needs and whether any additional benefits are worth the Part D premium costs
on top of her FEHB contribution.
Mrs. Duran is enrolled in a prescription drug plan. She has heard about something called True-
Out-Pocket costs or "TrOOP" and asks you if any of the following count toward reaching the
catastrophic coverage phase. What do you say?
I. Her annual PDP deductible
II. Supplemental coverage provided by an employer group waiver plan
III. The off formulary drug her doctor prescribed but she pays for because the plan denied her
exception request
IV. Her over-the-counter (OTC) allergy medication. - Answer✔: I and II only
Mrs. Castro has just turned 65, is in excellent health and has a relatively high income. She uses
no medications and sees no reason to spend money on a Medicare prescription drug plan if she
does not need the coverage. She currently does not have creditable coverage. What could you tell
her about the implications of such a decision? - Answer✔: If she does not sign up for a Medicare
prescription drug plan as soon as she is eligible to do so, and if she does sign up at a later date,
her premium will be permanently increased by 1% of the national average premium for every
month that she was not covered.
