Nucleotides and Nucleic acids (OCR)

Nucleotides and Nucleic acids (OCR)



Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) - ANSWER-A double helix with two polynucleotide
chains held together by hydrogen bonds between specific complementary base
pairs that carries genetic information. The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose.

Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) - ANSWER-Short, single stranded polynucleotide that
transfers genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes. Ribosomes are formed
from RNA and proteins. The pentose sugar in RNA is ribose

Nucleotides - ANSWER-The monomers that make up polynucleotides (DNA and
RNA). Formed from a pentose, a nitrogen-containing organic base and a
phosphate group.

Adenine - ANSWER-A nitrogen-containing base found in DNA and RNA that is
complementary to thymine

Cytosine - ANSWER-A nitrogen-containing base found in DNA and RNA that is
complementary to guanine

Guanine - ANSWER-A nitrogen-containing base found in DNA and RNA that is
complementary to cytosine

Thymine - ANSWER-A nitrogen-containing base found in DNA only that is
complementary to adenine

Uracil - ANSWER-A nitrogen-containing base found in RNA that is
complementary to adenine and takes the place of thymine in the complementary
RNA base sequence

Purines - ANSWER-Adenine and guanine. Have a double ring shape. Pair with
pyrimidines