Forensics Unit 2 Test
Locard's Exchange Principle - correct answer--every contact leaves a trace
-when two objects come into contact, there is an exchange of materials
-when this happens during the commission of a crime, the cross-transfer of evidence can
connect the suspect to his or her victim
physical evidence - correct answer-encompasses any/all objects that can
-establish that a crime has been committed
-provide a link between
1. a crime and its victim
2. a crime and its perpetrator
-its presence must be first recognized at the crime scene
at the crime scene - correct answer-forensic science begins...
investigators must... - correct answer-recognize and properly preserve evidence for
laboratory examination
techniques of crime scene investigation are... - correct answer-not difficult to master and lie
within the bounds of comprehension of the average police officer
first officer to arrive at the scene - correct answer-is responsible for securing crime scene
first priority of first officer - correct answer--obtaining medical assistance if needed
-arresting the perpetrator
securing the crime scene - correct answer--as soon as possible, exclude all unauthorized
personnel from the scene
-preliminary exam must begin once crime scene is secured
recording methods - correct answer-photography, sketches, and notes
-ideally all 3 should be employed
-personnel/budget limitations may limit utilization of photography at every crime site
recording of crime scene - correct answer-must begin once the scene is secured
-limited amount of time to work crime site in untouched state
-opportunity to permanently record scene in original state must not be lost
records of crime scene - correct answer--useful during subsequent investigation
-required for presentation at a trial
(to document the condition of the crime site)
(to delineate location of physical evidence)
photography - correct answer--crime scene in unaltered condition
-objects must not be moved until they've been photographed from all necessary angles
, -as items are discovered, they're photographed to show their location relative to entire crime
scene
-after overviews are taken, do close-ups to record details of object itself
-when size of an item is important, insert a measuring scale as point of reference
sketches - correct answer--once photos are taken
rough sketch - correct answer--draft representation of crime scene
-all essential info
-measurements
-drawn at crime scene
-shows all recovered items of physical evidence and important features of crime scene
finished sketch - correct answer--precise rendering of the crime scene
-usually drawn to scale
-not normally completed at crime scene
-drawn with care and concern for aesthetic appearance
notes - correct answer--a constant activity throughout processing of crime scene
-detailed written description of scene with location of items of physical evidence recorded
-this written record may be the only source of info. for refreshing one's memory
notes must identify - correct answer--the time an item of physical evidence was discovered
-by whom is was discovered
-how/by whom it was packaged and marked
-disposition of item after it was collected
preliminary exam - correct answer-lead investigator will start evaluating the area
-boundaries of scene must be determined
-establishment of perpetrator's path of entry/exit
-initial walk through of scene
-to gain overview of situation
-to develop strategy for systematic examination and documentation of entire crime scene
-done before processing crime scene for physical evidence
systematic search for evidence - correct answer--trained field evidence technicians (police
agencies)
-forensic scientist assistance not needed except in major crimes or when evidence is
complex; involvement starts when evidence is submitted to crime lab
search pattern - correct answer-will depend on
-size and locale of the scene
-number of collectors participating in the search
-actions of suspect(s) and victim(s) at scene
supervisor/coordinator - correct answer-without proper control: chaotic search, needless
duplication of efforts and missed evidence
Locard's Exchange Principle - correct answer--every contact leaves a trace
-when two objects come into contact, there is an exchange of materials
-when this happens during the commission of a crime, the cross-transfer of evidence can
connect the suspect to his or her victim
physical evidence - correct answer-encompasses any/all objects that can
-establish that a crime has been committed
-provide a link between
1. a crime and its victim
2. a crime and its perpetrator
-its presence must be first recognized at the crime scene
at the crime scene - correct answer-forensic science begins...
investigators must... - correct answer-recognize and properly preserve evidence for
laboratory examination
techniques of crime scene investigation are... - correct answer-not difficult to master and lie
within the bounds of comprehension of the average police officer
first officer to arrive at the scene - correct answer-is responsible for securing crime scene
first priority of first officer - correct answer--obtaining medical assistance if needed
-arresting the perpetrator
securing the crime scene - correct answer--as soon as possible, exclude all unauthorized
personnel from the scene
-preliminary exam must begin once crime scene is secured
recording methods - correct answer-photography, sketches, and notes
-ideally all 3 should be employed
-personnel/budget limitations may limit utilization of photography at every crime site
recording of crime scene - correct answer-must begin once the scene is secured
-limited amount of time to work crime site in untouched state
-opportunity to permanently record scene in original state must not be lost
records of crime scene - correct answer--useful during subsequent investigation
-required for presentation at a trial
(to document the condition of the crime site)
(to delineate location of physical evidence)
photography - correct answer--crime scene in unaltered condition
-objects must not be moved until they've been photographed from all necessary angles
, -as items are discovered, they're photographed to show their location relative to entire crime
scene
-after overviews are taken, do close-ups to record details of object itself
-when size of an item is important, insert a measuring scale as point of reference
sketches - correct answer--once photos are taken
rough sketch - correct answer--draft representation of crime scene
-all essential info
-measurements
-drawn at crime scene
-shows all recovered items of physical evidence and important features of crime scene
finished sketch - correct answer--precise rendering of the crime scene
-usually drawn to scale
-not normally completed at crime scene
-drawn with care and concern for aesthetic appearance
notes - correct answer--a constant activity throughout processing of crime scene
-detailed written description of scene with location of items of physical evidence recorded
-this written record may be the only source of info. for refreshing one's memory
notes must identify - correct answer--the time an item of physical evidence was discovered
-by whom is was discovered
-how/by whom it was packaged and marked
-disposition of item after it was collected
preliminary exam - correct answer-lead investigator will start evaluating the area
-boundaries of scene must be determined
-establishment of perpetrator's path of entry/exit
-initial walk through of scene
-to gain overview of situation
-to develop strategy for systematic examination and documentation of entire crime scene
-done before processing crime scene for physical evidence
systematic search for evidence - correct answer--trained field evidence technicians (police
agencies)
-forensic scientist assistance not needed except in major crimes or when evidence is
complex; involvement starts when evidence is submitted to crime lab
search pattern - correct answer-will depend on
-size and locale of the scene
-number of collectors participating in the search
-actions of suspect(s) and victim(s) at scene
supervisor/coordinator - correct answer-without proper control: chaotic search, needless
duplication of efforts and missed evidence
