MEDICAL SURGICAL MEDICATIONS ANTI HYPETENSIVE
MEDICATIONS 93 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATE 2024 A+ GUARANTEED
1. Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBS)- uses:
Act as antagonists at angiontensin II receptor of vascular smooth muscle, blocking
vasoconstriction and aldosterone-secreting effects and lowering BP.
2. Common Drugs: ARBS are easily recgonized because they end in the
suffix-sartan
Candesartan (Atacand)
Eprosartan (Tevetan)
Irbesartan (Avapro)
Losartan (Cozaar)
Olmesartan (Benicar)
Telmisartan (Micardis)
Valsartan (Diovan)
3. Administration considerations:
Discontinue immediately if pregnancy is detected
2. Use cautiously in pt. with renal or hepatic disease
4. Side/adverse effects:
1. Hypotension and dizziness, tachycardia or bradycardia
2. Cough, GI upset, insomina, nasal congestion and myalgia.
3. Neutropenia and hyperkalemia *
5. Nursing Consideration: 1. Monitor pt.taking diuretics for additive hypotension
2. Regularly assess renal function, potassium level, and WBC with differential.
3. Monitor BP and apical pulse regularly
6. PT. Teaching: Do not discontinue medication abruptly
2. Avoid salt substitutes because of potassium content
,7. Vasartan Dose: Hypertension
PO: (Adults) 80 mg or 160 mg once daily when used as monotherapy in patients
who are not volume depleted; may be ‘ up to 320 mg once daily.
PO: (Children 6-16 yr): 1.3 mg/kg once daily (maximum dose = 40 mg/day); may
be ‘ up to 2.7 mg/kg once daily (maximum dose = 160 mg/day).
Heart Failure
PO: (Adults) 40 mg twice daily, dose may be titrated up to target dose of 160 mg
twice daily, as tolerated.
Post-Myocardial Infarction
PO: (Adults) 20 mg twice daily (may be initiated e 12 hours after myocardial
infarction), dose may be titrated up to target dose of 160 mg twice daily, as
tolerated.
8. Vasartan ( side effect): CNS: dizziness, fatigue, headache
CV: edema, hypotension
EENT: pharyngitis, rhinitis, sinusitis
F and E: hyperkalemia
GI: abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea
GU: impaired renal function
MS: arthralgia, back pain
Misc: ANGIOEDEMA
9. Vasartan (INTERACTION): Additive hypotension with other antihypertensives.
Excessive hypotension may occur with concurrent use of diuretics.
‘ risk of hyperkalemia with concurrent use of potassium supplements, potassium-
containing salt substitutes, or potassium-sparing diuretics.
, ‘ risk of hyperkalemia, renal dysfunction, hypotension, and syncope with concurren
use of ACE inhibitors or aliskiren; avoid concurrent use with aliskiren in patients with
diabetes or CCr <60 mL/min; avoid concurrent use with ACE inhibitors
NSAIDs and selective COX-2 inhibitors may blunt the antihypertensive effect and ‘
the risk of renal dysfunction.
May ‘ levels and may ‘ the risk of lithium toxicity.
10. VASARTAN ASSESSMENT: Assess BP (lying, sitting, standing) and pulse
frequently during initial dosage adjustment and periodically throughout
therapy. Notify health care professional of significant changes.
Monitor frequency of prescription refills to determine compliance.
VERY IMPORTANT Assess patients for signs of angioedema (dyspnea, facial
swelling).
HF: Monitor daily weight and assess patient routinely for resolution of fluid overload
(peripheral edema, rales/crackles, dyspnea, weight gain, jugular venous distention).
Lab Test Considerations: Monitor renal function. May cause increase in BUN and
serum creatinine.
May cause hyperkalemia.
May cause ‘ AST and ALT.
May cause slight “ in hemoglobin and hematocrit, or neutropenia.
11. VASARTA PT TEACHING: VERY IMPORTANT Instruct patient to notify
health
care professional if swelling of face, eyes, lips, or tongue or if difficulty swallowing
or breathing occur.
Caution patient to avoid sudden position changes to decrease orthostatic
hypotension. Use of alcohol, standing for long periods, exercising, and hot
weather may increase orthostatic hypotension.
May cause dizziness. Caution patient to avoid driving or other activities requiring
alertness until response to medication is known.
Instruct patient to notify health care professional of all Rx or OTC medications,
vitamins, or herbal products being taken and to avoid concurrent use of Rx, OTC,
and herbal products, especially NSAIDs and cough, cold, or allergy medications,
without consulting health care professional.
MEDICATIONS 93 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATE 2024 A+ GUARANTEED
1. Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBS)- uses:
Act as antagonists at angiontensin II receptor of vascular smooth muscle, blocking
vasoconstriction and aldosterone-secreting effects and lowering BP.
2. Common Drugs: ARBS are easily recgonized because they end in the
suffix-sartan
Candesartan (Atacand)
Eprosartan (Tevetan)
Irbesartan (Avapro)
Losartan (Cozaar)
Olmesartan (Benicar)
Telmisartan (Micardis)
Valsartan (Diovan)
3. Administration considerations:
Discontinue immediately if pregnancy is detected
2. Use cautiously in pt. with renal or hepatic disease
4. Side/adverse effects:
1. Hypotension and dizziness, tachycardia or bradycardia
2. Cough, GI upset, insomina, nasal congestion and myalgia.
3. Neutropenia and hyperkalemia *
5. Nursing Consideration: 1. Monitor pt.taking diuretics for additive hypotension
2. Regularly assess renal function, potassium level, and WBC with differential.
3. Monitor BP and apical pulse regularly
6. PT. Teaching: Do not discontinue medication abruptly
2. Avoid salt substitutes because of potassium content
,7. Vasartan Dose: Hypertension
PO: (Adults) 80 mg or 160 mg once daily when used as monotherapy in patients
who are not volume depleted; may be ‘ up to 320 mg once daily.
PO: (Children 6-16 yr): 1.3 mg/kg once daily (maximum dose = 40 mg/day); may
be ‘ up to 2.7 mg/kg once daily (maximum dose = 160 mg/day).
Heart Failure
PO: (Adults) 40 mg twice daily, dose may be titrated up to target dose of 160 mg
twice daily, as tolerated.
Post-Myocardial Infarction
PO: (Adults) 20 mg twice daily (may be initiated e 12 hours after myocardial
infarction), dose may be titrated up to target dose of 160 mg twice daily, as
tolerated.
8. Vasartan ( side effect): CNS: dizziness, fatigue, headache
CV: edema, hypotension
EENT: pharyngitis, rhinitis, sinusitis
F and E: hyperkalemia
GI: abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea
GU: impaired renal function
MS: arthralgia, back pain
Misc: ANGIOEDEMA
9. Vasartan (INTERACTION): Additive hypotension with other antihypertensives.
Excessive hypotension may occur with concurrent use of diuretics.
‘ risk of hyperkalemia with concurrent use of potassium supplements, potassium-
containing salt substitutes, or potassium-sparing diuretics.
, ‘ risk of hyperkalemia, renal dysfunction, hypotension, and syncope with concurren
use of ACE inhibitors or aliskiren; avoid concurrent use with aliskiren in patients with
diabetes or CCr <60 mL/min; avoid concurrent use with ACE inhibitors
NSAIDs and selective COX-2 inhibitors may blunt the antihypertensive effect and ‘
the risk of renal dysfunction.
May ‘ levels and may ‘ the risk of lithium toxicity.
10. VASARTAN ASSESSMENT: Assess BP (lying, sitting, standing) and pulse
frequently during initial dosage adjustment and periodically throughout
therapy. Notify health care professional of significant changes.
Monitor frequency of prescription refills to determine compliance.
VERY IMPORTANT Assess patients for signs of angioedema (dyspnea, facial
swelling).
HF: Monitor daily weight and assess patient routinely for resolution of fluid overload
(peripheral edema, rales/crackles, dyspnea, weight gain, jugular venous distention).
Lab Test Considerations: Monitor renal function. May cause increase in BUN and
serum creatinine.
May cause hyperkalemia.
May cause ‘ AST and ALT.
May cause slight “ in hemoglobin and hematocrit, or neutropenia.
11. VASARTA PT TEACHING: VERY IMPORTANT Instruct patient to notify
health
care professional if swelling of face, eyes, lips, or tongue or if difficulty swallowing
or breathing occur.
Caution patient to avoid sudden position changes to decrease orthostatic
hypotension. Use of alcohol, standing for long periods, exercising, and hot
weather may increase orthostatic hypotension.
May cause dizziness. Caution patient to avoid driving or other activities requiring
alertness until response to medication is known.
Instruct patient to notify health care professional of all Rx or OTC medications,
vitamins, or herbal products being taken and to avoid concurrent use of Rx, OTC,
and herbal products, especially NSAIDs and cough, cold, or allergy medications,
without consulting health care professional.
