PBSI 336 - Exam One Review | Questions and Answers
2024( not all answered)
Branches/definitions of pharamcology ** Answ** pharmacology: drugs
psychopharmacology: drugs on behavior and psychological function,
neuropharmacology: drugs on brain function
neuropsychopharmacology: drugs on brain, behavior and psychological function
What is a psychoactive drug? ** Answ** a chemical substance that alters
perceptions and mood, or consciousness
Different ways to classify psychoactive drugs ** Answ** source (natural, synthetic,
semisynthetic), behavioral/psychological effects (including medical/therapeutic use),
pharmacological action, chemical structure, legal status
Natural examples: ** Answ** ephedrine (Ephedra plant), opium (unripe seed pods),
cocaine (coca plant leaves)
Semisynthetic examples ** Answ** heroin, LSD
Synthetic examples ** Answ** methadone, amphetamine, MDMA
Current U.S. use of most illicit drugs 1. most common drug? 2. % of people using? 3.
Ages? ** Answ** 13% of the U.S. pop has used illicit drugs (mostly marijuana). Most
common in 18-20yr olds and secondly 21-25yr olds
Alcohol use rates? ** Answ** In U.S. ages 12+: 138.5mil alcohol users, 61.6mil
binge alcohol users, 17.7mil heavy alcohol users
What is binge or heavy drinking? ** Answ** binge drinking: 5 or more drinks for men,
4 or more drinks for women // heavy drinking: 5 or more binge days out of last 30 days
Current drug use trends among college and high school students ** Answ** daily
marijuana use is increasing; binge alcohol use is higher in college students than non
college students. Marijunana vaping is increasing among college students. Nicotine
vaping is increasing among college students. Higher rates in college students than non
college peers. - steady illicit drug use in 12th graders over the years
How do we currently define addiction? How has this changed? ** Answ** addiction
is currently defined by uncontrollable cravings, inability to control drug use, compulsive
drug use, and use despite harm to oneself or others. Used to be grouped in with
physical dependence (body relies on drug to prevent withdrawal) or drug abuse.
For assistance with assignments contact
, DSM-5 criteria for addiction (substance use disorder) ** Answ**
Pharmacokinetics vs. pharmacodynamics ** Answ**
Major factors of pharmacokinetics ** Answ**
define bioavailability ** Answ**
Factors affecting absorption (How?) ** Answ**
Different routes of administration; effects on drug onset, peak, and duration ** Answ**
Factors affecting distribution ** Answ**
Metabolism/biotransformation: phases of metabolism ** Answ**
Metabolism/biotransformation: active vs. inactive metabolites ** Answ**
Metabolism/biotransformation: individual differences ** Answ**
Drug clearance: What is half-life? ** Answ**
Drug clearance: First-order kinetics? ** Answ**
Drug clearance: Zero-order kinetics? ** Answ**
What is a ligand? ** Answ**
Receptor? ** Answ**
Drug-receptor interactions? ** Answ**
Speed of dissociation? ** Answ**
Law of mass action? ** Answ**
Dose response curves (ED50, ED100, TD50, LD50, therapeutic index) ** Answ**
How do you compare potency and efficacy? ** Answ**
What are agonists (full, partial, inverse) ** Answ**
What are antagonists (competitive, noncompetitive)? ** Answ**
How do agonists/antagonists shift the dose-response curve? ** Answ**
For assistance with assignments contact
2024( not all answered)
Branches/definitions of pharamcology ** Answ** pharmacology: drugs
psychopharmacology: drugs on behavior and psychological function,
neuropharmacology: drugs on brain function
neuropsychopharmacology: drugs on brain, behavior and psychological function
What is a psychoactive drug? ** Answ** a chemical substance that alters
perceptions and mood, or consciousness
Different ways to classify psychoactive drugs ** Answ** source (natural, synthetic,
semisynthetic), behavioral/psychological effects (including medical/therapeutic use),
pharmacological action, chemical structure, legal status
Natural examples: ** Answ** ephedrine (Ephedra plant), opium (unripe seed pods),
cocaine (coca plant leaves)
Semisynthetic examples ** Answ** heroin, LSD
Synthetic examples ** Answ** methadone, amphetamine, MDMA
Current U.S. use of most illicit drugs 1. most common drug? 2. % of people using? 3.
Ages? ** Answ** 13% of the U.S. pop has used illicit drugs (mostly marijuana). Most
common in 18-20yr olds and secondly 21-25yr olds
Alcohol use rates? ** Answ** In U.S. ages 12+: 138.5mil alcohol users, 61.6mil
binge alcohol users, 17.7mil heavy alcohol users
What is binge or heavy drinking? ** Answ** binge drinking: 5 or more drinks for men,
4 or more drinks for women // heavy drinking: 5 or more binge days out of last 30 days
Current drug use trends among college and high school students ** Answ** daily
marijuana use is increasing; binge alcohol use is higher in college students than non
college students. Marijunana vaping is increasing among college students. Nicotine
vaping is increasing among college students. Higher rates in college students than non
college peers. - steady illicit drug use in 12th graders over the years
How do we currently define addiction? How has this changed? ** Answ** addiction
is currently defined by uncontrollable cravings, inability to control drug use, compulsive
drug use, and use despite harm to oneself or others. Used to be grouped in with
physical dependence (body relies on drug to prevent withdrawal) or drug abuse.
For assistance with assignments contact
, DSM-5 criteria for addiction (substance use disorder) ** Answ**
Pharmacokinetics vs. pharmacodynamics ** Answ**
Major factors of pharmacokinetics ** Answ**
define bioavailability ** Answ**
Factors affecting absorption (How?) ** Answ**
Different routes of administration; effects on drug onset, peak, and duration ** Answ**
Factors affecting distribution ** Answ**
Metabolism/biotransformation: phases of metabolism ** Answ**
Metabolism/biotransformation: active vs. inactive metabolites ** Answ**
Metabolism/biotransformation: individual differences ** Answ**
Drug clearance: What is half-life? ** Answ**
Drug clearance: First-order kinetics? ** Answ**
Drug clearance: Zero-order kinetics? ** Answ**
What is a ligand? ** Answ**
Receptor? ** Answ**
Drug-receptor interactions? ** Answ**
Speed of dissociation? ** Answ**
Law of mass action? ** Answ**
Dose response curves (ED50, ED100, TD50, LD50, therapeutic index) ** Answ**
How do you compare potency and efficacy? ** Answ**
What are agonists (full, partial, inverse) ** Answ**
What are antagonists (competitive, noncompetitive)? ** Answ**
How do agonists/antagonists shift the dose-response curve? ** Answ**
For assistance with assignments contact
