Test Bank For Berne and Levy Physiology 7th Edition By Bruce
M. Koeppen, MD, PhD and Bruce A. Stanton, PhD
9780323393942 Chapter 1-44 Complete Guide .
How are eukaryotic cells distinguished from prokaryotic cells? - ANSWER: Presence of membrane-
delimited nucleus in eukaryotic cells
Examples of cells within the human body without nucleus - ANSWER: Mature human red blood cells
and cells within the lens of the eye
An aqueous solution containing numerous organic molecules, ions, cytoskeletal elements, and a
number of organelles - ANSWER: Cytoplasm
Separates the intracellular contents from the extracellular environment - ANSWER: Plasma membrane
Important cellular functions of plasma membrane (6) - ANSWER: - Selective transport (carried out by
membrane transport proteins)
- Cell recognition (through cell surface antigens)
- Cell communication (through neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and through signal
transduction pathways)
- Tissue organization
- Membrane-dependent enzymatic activity
- Determination of cell shape by linkage of cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane
The plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells consists of a... - ANSWER: 5-nm-thick lipid bilayer with
associated proteins
Primary function of cytosol - ANSWER: Metabolism, protein synthesis (free ribosomes)
Primary function of cytoskeleton - ANSWER: Cell shape and movement, intracellular transport
Primary function of nucleus - ANSWER: Genome (22 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes), DNA and
RNA synthesis
Primary function of mitochondria - ANSWER: ATP synthesis by oxidative phosphorylation, calcium
storage
Primary function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum - ANSWER: Synthesis of lipids, calcium storage
Primary function of free ribosomes - ANSWER: Translation of mRNA into cytosolic proteins
Primary function of Rough endoplasmic reticulum - ANSWER: Translation of mRNA into membrane
associated proteins or for secretion out of the cell
Primary function of lysosome - ANSWER: Intracellular degradation
Primary function of endosome - ANSWER: Cellular uptake of cholesterol, removal of receptors from
the plasma membrane, uptake of small molecules and water into the cell, internalization of large
particles (e.g., bacteria, cell debris)
Primary function of golgi apparatus - ANSWER: Modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins and
lipids for delivery to other organelles within the cell or for secretion out of the cell
Primary function of proteosome - ANSWER: Degradation of intracellular proteins
M. Koeppen, MD, PhD and Bruce A. Stanton, PhD
9780323393942 Chapter 1-44 Complete Guide .
How are eukaryotic cells distinguished from prokaryotic cells? - ANSWER: Presence of membrane-
delimited nucleus in eukaryotic cells
Examples of cells within the human body without nucleus - ANSWER: Mature human red blood cells
and cells within the lens of the eye
An aqueous solution containing numerous organic molecules, ions, cytoskeletal elements, and a
number of organelles - ANSWER: Cytoplasm
Separates the intracellular contents from the extracellular environment - ANSWER: Plasma membrane
Important cellular functions of plasma membrane (6) - ANSWER: - Selective transport (carried out by
membrane transport proteins)
- Cell recognition (through cell surface antigens)
- Cell communication (through neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and through signal
transduction pathways)
- Tissue organization
- Membrane-dependent enzymatic activity
- Determination of cell shape by linkage of cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane
The plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells consists of a... - ANSWER: 5-nm-thick lipid bilayer with
associated proteins
Primary function of cytosol - ANSWER: Metabolism, protein synthesis (free ribosomes)
Primary function of cytoskeleton - ANSWER: Cell shape and movement, intracellular transport
Primary function of nucleus - ANSWER: Genome (22 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes), DNA and
RNA synthesis
Primary function of mitochondria - ANSWER: ATP synthesis by oxidative phosphorylation, calcium
storage
Primary function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum - ANSWER: Synthesis of lipids, calcium storage
Primary function of free ribosomes - ANSWER: Translation of mRNA into cytosolic proteins
Primary function of Rough endoplasmic reticulum - ANSWER: Translation of mRNA into membrane
associated proteins or for secretion out of the cell
Primary function of lysosome - ANSWER: Intracellular degradation
Primary function of endosome - ANSWER: Cellular uptake of cholesterol, removal of receptors from
the plasma membrane, uptake of small molecules and water into the cell, internalization of large
particles (e.g., bacteria, cell debris)
Primary function of golgi apparatus - ANSWER: Modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins and
lipids for delivery to other organelles within the cell or for secretion out of the cell
Primary function of proteosome - ANSWER: Degradation of intracellular proteins
