MICRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY With the renaissance, a few renowned universities deve
CHAPTER II education was introduced largely by the British. Travel for educatio
16th century. Under the Elizabeth I, your men seeking positions in
INFORMATION SHEET 2: The History of Tourism and Hospitality
travel to the continent to widen their education. This practice was g
Learning Outcomes:
in the lower social scale. In time, it become recognized that the
1. Describe the history of the tourism and hospitality industry
should be completed by a “Grand Tour” of the cultural centers of
2. Explain the origin of tourism and hospitality in the Philippines
for three years.
3. Identify the factors that favor the growth of tourism and hospitality
The term was used as early as 1670. While apparently educ
2.1 History of Tourism Industry social. Pleasure-seeking young men of leisure traveled predominantl
to enjoy the cultures and social life in Europe, with Venice, Flore
Early Tourism attractions. By the end of the 18th century, the practice had becom
Travel and exploration are basic to human nature. Man has traveled since the earliest upper class o society.
times although the term tourism was used only the 19th century. “Tourism is derived from the As young men sought intellectual improvement in the co
Hebrew word Torah which means studying, learning or searching. Tourism can trace its remedy for their illnesses in “SPAS’ or medicinal baths. The term
ancestry in the Old Testament. Noah with his Ark must have been the first large scale operator Walloon word “ESPA” meaning fountain. Turnbridge Wells in Ke
even though his passengers were mostly animals. There are numerous references to caravans famous as a spa in the 1660s. Travelers immersed themselves in the
and traders in the Old Testament. Chapter 26 and 27 of the book of Ezekiel describe trade and Soon, an entertainment was added and dozens of watering p
commerce in ancient Tyre and recount the travels abroad made by merchants. Bath in England, Baden-Baden in Germany, Baden in Austria, B
Early tourism has two forms: travel for business such as trading and religious travel. Lucca in Italy, and Karslbad amd Marienbad in Bohemia became f
Throughout history, merchants have traveled intensively in order to trade with other nations 19th centuries.
and tribes. The invention of money, writing and the wheels by the Sumerians facilitated travel
and exchange of goods. The early Phoenicians toured the Mediterranean as traders. Both the Tourism during the Industrial Revolution
Greeks and the Romans were well-known traders and as their respective empires increased, The industrial revolution brought about major changes in the
travel becomes necessary. At this time, there was also travel for private purpose. Examples are development. It brought about not only technological changes,
the Olympic Games held in 776. changes that made travel desirable as a recreational activity.
BC by the Greeks as well as the travel by rich Romans for enjoyment and to visit The increase in productivity, regular employment, and growi
friends and relatives. The Roman traveller was largely aided by improvement in people the motivation and opportunity to go on holiday. The emerg
communications, first class roads, and inns. By employing relays of horses, distances of 100 higher incomes and growing education into annual holidays
miles or more could be covered in one day. In between distances of six miles were mutations responsibilities and the crowded city environment, they traveled to t
or stables where horses could be changed. They are the equivalent of the present gasoline for their holidays. This led to the creation of working-class res
stations. centers.
Tourism in Medieval Period Modern Tourism
During the medieval period travel declined. Travel, derived from the word travail Tourism in the 19th Century
become burdensome, dangerous and demanding during this time. After the decline of Roman Two technological developments in the early part of the 19th
Empire in the 5th century, roads were not maintained and they become unsafe. Thieves on the growth
inflicted harm on those who dared travel. no one during this time traveled for pleasure. of tourism. These were the introduction of railway and the develop
Crusaders and pilgrims were only the ones who traveled. railroads created not only more business by providing reliable and
also more competition as various private companies invested
Tourism during the Renaissance and Elizabethan Eras
, entertainment facilities. Thus tourism was transformed from a small business catering to the After the post war recovery years, there was increase i
elite into the start of a mass market that is, travel by a large number of individuals. Travelers switched to the use of private cars and this change affect
The use of steam power provided the increased mobility needed by the tourism services. An increased in discretionary income and leisure time, whi
business. Steamers on the major rivers provided reliable and inexpensive transportation that into increased recreation and travel.
led to the popular dy-trip cruises and the growth of coastal resorts near large industrial towns. As business and trade prospered in the develop countr
As tourism became organized in the later years of the 19th century, the organization of travel flourished, leading to the demand not only for individual travel o
became an established institution. The first and most famous of these was Thomas Cook. His 1970s have also seen the emergence of new patterns in tourism.
first excursion train trip was between Leicester and Loughborough in 1841 with 570 As economic powers have shifted between countries, new to
passengers at a round-trip fare of one shilling. The success of this venture encouraged him to such as the oil-rich Arab countries and Japan arouse. Europe, as wel
arrange similar excursions using chartered trains. In 1866, he organized the first American based countries of Asia, have benefited from the influx. The Philipp
tour. In 1874, he introduced “circular notes” which were accepted by banks, hotels, shops and Malaysia, and Indonesia have strengthened their tourist attractions to
restaurants.
These were in effect the travelers’ checks. Other tour companies which appeared in 2.2 History of the Hospitality Industry
Britain at this time were Dean and Dawson in 1871, the Polytechnic Touring Association in Ancient Period
1872, and Frames in 1881. In the United Staes, American Express was founded by Henry The Sumerians
Weels and William Fargo. As the 19th century drew to a close, photography and guidebooks The recorded history of the hospitality industry began with
became popular. A huge variety of guide books which dealt with both local and overseas travel people who lived in Mesopotamia near the Persian Gulf at about 40
were sold to tourists. area was fertile, several Sumerian have become prosperous, as w
cattle breeders. The Sumerian farmers were able to produce such a
Tourism in the 20th Century were able to sell their surplus grain to people in other parts o th
At the beginning of the 20th century, pleasure travel continued to expand, encouraged invented the money and writing as a means to record and settle their
by the increasing wealth, curiosity, and outgoing attitudes of the people as well as the Politically, the Sumerians organized themselves into cit
increasing ease of such movement. covered a large geographic area, Sumerian required the services o
World War I brought about many changes, which influenced the volume of tourism. drinks, and shelter. Hence, local Sumerian taverns were establish
Early post-war prosperity, coupled with large scale migration, boosted the demand for hospitality business. It is most likely that the hospitality industry
international travel. Interest in foreign travel was further enhanced by the first-hand experience 5,000 years ago in BC.
of foreign countries. New form of mass communication stimulated curiosity about other
countries. In addition to the influence of posters and press, the cinema, radio, and television Empires: 3200 BC to 476 AD
widened knowledge and interest in travel. From 3200 BC to 476 AD, three significant empires flouris
World War II also led to increased interest in travel. The war had introduced and Roman. This period is known to historians as the Empire E
combatants not only to new countries, but also to new continents generating new friendships develop hospitality services for increasing numbers of travelers.
and in interest in different culture. Another outcome of war was the progress in aircraft Egyptian Empire
technology. Air travel had become more comfortable, safer, faster and cheaper in comparison The Egyptian developed slowly over several thousand ye
with other forms of transport. With the introduction of the Boeing 707 jets in 1958, the age of groups had been united under one government ruled by a “phara
air travel for the masses arrived, hastening the declined of sea travel. Improvements in air King.
transport not only encouraged greater transcontinental travel, but were also instrumental in the The famous tombs for the pharaohs became tourist attra
growth of international travel in the 1960s and 1970s. The earth literally shrank for the tourist, traveled long distances to see. In addition to travelling to see the py
bringing distant exotic islands closer and replacing week-long sea voyages with few hours of attend religious festivals. The ancient Egyptians were the first that
air travel.
CHAPTER II education was introduced largely by the British. Travel for educatio
16th century. Under the Elizabeth I, your men seeking positions in
INFORMATION SHEET 2: The History of Tourism and Hospitality
travel to the continent to widen their education. This practice was g
Learning Outcomes:
in the lower social scale. In time, it become recognized that the
1. Describe the history of the tourism and hospitality industry
should be completed by a “Grand Tour” of the cultural centers of
2. Explain the origin of tourism and hospitality in the Philippines
for three years.
3. Identify the factors that favor the growth of tourism and hospitality
The term was used as early as 1670. While apparently educ
2.1 History of Tourism Industry social. Pleasure-seeking young men of leisure traveled predominantl
to enjoy the cultures and social life in Europe, with Venice, Flore
Early Tourism attractions. By the end of the 18th century, the practice had becom
Travel and exploration are basic to human nature. Man has traveled since the earliest upper class o society.
times although the term tourism was used only the 19th century. “Tourism is derived from the As young men sought intellectual improvement in the co
Hebrew word Torah which means studying, learning or searching. Tourism can trace its remedy for their illnesses in “SPAS’ or medicinal baths. The term
ancestry in the Old Testament. Noah with his Ark must have been the first large scale operator Walloon word “ESPA” meaning fountain. Turnbridge Wells in Ke
even though his passengers were mostly animals. There are numerous references to caravans famous as a spa in the 1660s. Travelers immersed themselves in the
and traders in the Old Testament. Chapter 26 and 27 of the book of Ezekiel describe trade and Soon, an entertainment was added and dozens of watering p
commerce in ancient Tyre and recount the travels abroad made by merchants. Bath in England, Baden-Baden in Germany, Baden in Austria, B
Early tourism has two forms: travel for business such as trading and religious travel. Lucca in Italy, and Karslbad amd Marienbad in Bohemia became f
Throughout history, merchants have traveled intensively in order to trade with other nations 19th centuries.
and tribes. The invention of money, writing and the wheels by the Sumerians facilitated travel
and exchange of goods. The early Phoenicians toured the Mediterranean as traders. Both the Tourism during the Industrial Revolution
Greeks and the Romans were well-known traders and as their respective empires increased, The industrial revolution brought about major changes in the
travel becomes necessary. At this time, there was also travel for private purpose. Examples are development. It brought about not only technological changes,
the Olympic Games held in 776. changes that made travel desirable as a recreational activity.
BC by the Greeks as well as the travel by rich Romans for enjoyment and to visit The increase in productivity, regular employment, and growi
friends and relatives. The Roman traveller was largely aided by improvement in people the motivation and opportunity to go on holiday. The emerg
communications, first class roads, and inns. By employing relays of horses, distances of 100 higher incomes and growing education into annual holidays
miles or more could be covered in one day. In between distances of six miles were mutations responsibilities and the crowded city environment, they traveled to t
or stables where horses could be changed. They are the equivalent of the present gasoline for their holidays. This led to the creation of working-class res
stations. centers.
Tourism in Medieval Period Modern Tourism
During the medieval period travel declined. Travel, derived from the word travail Tourism in the 19th Century
become burdensome, dangerous and demanding during this time. After the decline of Roman Two technological developments in the early part of the 19th
Empire in the 5th century, roads were not maintained and they become unsafe. Thieves on the growth
inflicted harm on those who dared travel. no one during this time traveled for pleasure. of tourism. These were the introduction of railway and the develop
Crusaders and pilgrims were only the ones who traveled. railroads created not only more business by providing reliable and
also more competition as various private companies invested
Tourism during the Renaissance and Elizabethan Eras
, entertainment facilities. Thus tourism was transformed from a small business catering to the After the post war recovery years, there was increase i
elite into the start of a mass market that is, travel by a large number of individuals. Travelers switched to the use of private cars and this change affect
The use of steam power provided the increased mobility needed by the tourism services. An increased in discretionary income and leisure time, whi
business. Steamers on the major rivers provided reliable and inexpensive transportation that into increased recreation and travel.
led to the popular dy-trip cruises and the growth of coastal resorts near large industrial towns. As business and trade prospered in the develop countr
As tourism became organized in the later years of the 19th century, the organization of travel flourished, leading to the demand not only for individual travel o
became an established institution. The first and most famous of these was Thomas Cook. His 1970s have also seen the emergence of new patterns in tourism.
first excursion train trip was between Leicester and Loughborough in 1841 with 570 As economic powers have shifted between countries, new to
passengers at a round-trip fare of one shilling. The success of this venture encouraged him to such as the oil-rich Arab countries and Japan arouse. Europe, as wel
arrange similar excursions using chartered trains. In 1866, he organized the first American based countries of Asia, have benefited from the influx. The Philipp
tour. In 1874, he introduced “circular notes” which were accepted by banks, hotels, shops and Malaysia, and Indonesia have strengthened their tourist attractions to
restaurants.
These were in effect the travelers’ checks. Other tour companies which appeared in 2.2 History of the Hospitality Industry
Britain at this time were Dean and Dawson in 1871, the Polytechnic Touring Association in Ancient Period
1872, and Frames in 1881. In the United Staes, American Express was founded by Henry The Sumerians
Weels and William Fargo. As the 19th century drew to a close, photography and guidebooks The recorded history of the hospitality industry began with
became popular. A huge variety of guide books which dealt with both local and overseas travel people who lived in Mesopotamia near the Persian Gulf at about 40
were sold to tourists. area was fertile, several Sumerian have become prosperous, as w
cattle breeders. The Sumerian farmers were able to produce such a
Tourism in the 20th Century were able to sell their surplus grain to people in other parts o th
At the beginning of the 20th century, pleasure travel continued to expand, encouraged invented the money and writing as a means to record and settle their
by the increasing wealth, curiosity, and outgoing attitudes of the people as well as the Politically, the Sumerians organized themselves into cit
increasing ease of such movement. covered a large geographic area, Sumerian required the services o
World War I brought about many changes, which influenced the volume of tourism. drinks, and shelter. Hence, local Sumerian taverns were establish
Early post-war prosperity, coupled with large scale migration, boosted the demand for hospitality business. It is most likely that the hospitality industry
international travel. Interest in foreign travel was further enhanced by the first-hand experience 5,000 years ago in BC.
of foreign countries. New form of mass communication stimulated curiosity about other
countries. In addition to the influence of posters and press, the cinema, radio, and television Empires: 3200 BC to 476 AD
widened knowledge and interest in travel. From 3200 BC to 476 AD, three significant empires flouris
World War II also led to increased interest in travel. The war had introduced and Roman. This period is known to historians as the Empire E
combatants not only to new countries, but also to new continents generating new friendships develop hospitality services for increasing numbers of travelers.
and in interest in different culture. Another outcome of war was the progress in aircraft Egyptian Empire
technology. Air travel had become more comfortable, safer, faster and cheaper in comparison The Egyptian developed slowly over several thousand ye
with other forms of transport. With the introduction of the Boeing 707 jets in 1958, the age of groups had been united under one government ruled by a “phara
air travel for the masses arrived, hastening the declined of sea travel. Improvements in air King.
transport not only encouraged greater transcontinental travel, but were also instrumental in the The famous tombs for the pharaohs became tourist attra
growth of international travel in the 1960s and 1970s. The earth literally shrank for the tourist, traveled long distances to see. In addition to travelling to see the py
bringing distant exotic islands closer and replacing week-long sea voyages with few hours of attend religious festivals. The ancient Egyptians were the first that
air travel.
