ATI NUTRITION 2023 NGN QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
b Vitamin C Function - tissue building, metabolism, iron absorption
Foods- citrus fruit juices, tomato, green leafy vegetables, peppers
Deficiency of vitamin c- scurvy (symptoms)- bleeding, joint pain, swollen gums, increase intake during
times of stress and illness
Smokers need more vitamin C
Water soluble vitamins - Vitamin c, b-complex, thiamin b1 riboflavin b2, niacin b3 pyridoxine b6,
pantothenic acid, biotin, folate, cobalmin b12
Fat soluble vitamins - Vitamins A, D, E, K
Fat soluble vitamins have risk of toxicity since they are stored in the body for a long time
Conditions that impair absorption of fat soluble vitamins - cystic fibrosis, celiac disease, crohn's disease
Carbohydrates - Should make up 45-85% of calories
Function in body- energy, regulate fat/protein, metabolism, and are important for cardiac and cns
functioning
Glycogen - Stored carbohydrates energy in the liver and muscles released in between meals to maintain
blood glucose levels
Carbs provide 4calories/gram of energy
Recoiled fiber intake - 25g for women
38g for men
Protein - Should make up 10-35% of calories
Function- supports tissue building metabolism immune function maintain nitrogen balance important for
wound healing
Complete proteins - Contain sufficient amount of 9 essential amino acids ( animal sources, soy)
Incomplete proteins - Plant sources can be combined to make a complete protein
Proteins provide 4cal/gram of energy
Examples of protein energy malnutrition- kwasshiorkor- little protein
Marasmus- inadequacy of all nutrients
, Lipids/fats - Fats should make up 20-35% of calories less then 10 should come from saturated fat with a
goal of less then 7%
Function- stored energy for the body provides passing and insulation for hormone production and
absorption of fat soluble vitamin
Cholesterol should be limited to 200-300 mg a day
Fats provides 9cal/g of energy
Vitamin E - Antioxidant- protect cell from damage
Food- fat containing food examples veg oil, nuts, dark green vegetables whole grain
Deficiency- rare- muscle pain weakness poor balance
Vitamin D deficiency - Helps with absorption of calcium and phosphorus bone mineralization
Food/source- sunlight, fortified milk, fatty fish, eggs
Deficiency- rickets bone loss
B complex vitamins - metabolism, energy, nerve functioning
Foods- Meat milk enriched grains whole grains legumes green leafy vegetables
Deficiency of thiamin - Berberi, common in those with alcohol use disorder
Deficiency of riboflavin - Cheilosis( cracking of corner of mouth) (glossitis- smooth swollen red tongue)
Deficiency of folate - Result in neural tube defects in utero
Deficiency of cobalmin - Pernicious anemia, affects strict vegan and those lacking intrinsic factor (need
for absorption of B12
Vitamin A - Vision health , skeletal and soft tissue development and strength
Foods- oranges yellow fruits and veggies carrots apricots cantaloupe fatty fish eggs liver dairy products
Deficiency- vision issues xerothalemia- dry thickened conjunctiva and cornea
Calcium (9-10.5) - Bone teeth formation nerve and muscle function clotting blood pressure
Food- dairy product dark green veg fortified food
Hypercalcemia constipation decreased deep tendon reflexes kidney stones lethargy
Hypocalcemia- positive chvostek and trosseau sign muscle spasm tingling lips and fingers
Chloride 98-106 - Digestion maintaining intercellular fluid and extracellular fluid
Food- salt
Hyperchloremia- nausea vomiting
Hyopchloremia- muscle cramps gi upset
AND ANSWERS
b Vitamin C Function - tissue building, metabolism, iron absorption
Foods- citrus fruit juices, tomato, green leafy vegetables, peppers
Deficiency of vitamin c- scurvy (symptoms)- bleeding, joint pain, swollen gums, increase intake during
times of stress and illness
Smokers need more vitamin C
Water soluble vitamins - Vitamin c, b-complex, thiamin b1 riboflavin b2, niacin b3 pyridoxine b6,
pantothenic acid, biotin, folate, cobalmin b12
Fat soluble vitamins - Vitamins A, D, E, K
Fat soluble vitamins have risk of toxicity since they are stored in the body for a long time
Conditions that impair absorption of fat soluble vitamins - cystic fibrosis, celiac disease, crohn's disease
Carbohydrates - Should make up 45-85% of calories
Function in body- energy, regulate fat/protein, metabolism, and are important for cardiac and cns
functioning
Glycogen - Stored carbohydrates energy in the liver and muscles released in between meals to maintain
blood glucose levels
Carbs provide 4calories/gram of energy
Recoiled fiber intake - 25g for women
38g for men
Protein - Should make up 10-35% of calories
Function- supports tissue building metabolism immune function maintain nitrogen balance important for
wound healing
Complete proteins - Contain sufficient amount of 9 essential amino acids ( animal sources, soy)
Incomplete proteins - Plant sources can be combined to make a complete protein
Proteins provide 4cal/gram of energy
Examples of protein energy malnutrition- kwasshiorkor- little protein
Marasmus- inadequacy of all nutrients
, Lipids/fats - Fats should make up 20-35% of calories less then 10 should come from saturated fat with a
goal of less then 7%
Function- stored energy for the body provides passing and insulation for hormone production and
absorption of fat soluble vitamin
Cholesterol should be limited to 200-300 mg a day
Fats provides 9cal/g of energy
Vitamin E - Antioxidant- protect cell from damage
Food- fat containing food examples veg oil, nuts, dark green vegetables whole grain
Deficiency- rare- muscle pain weakness poor balance
Vitamin D deficiency - Helps with absorption of calcium and phosphorus bone mineralization
Food/source- sunlight, fortified milk, fatty fish, eggs
Deficiency- rickets bone loss
B complex vitamins - metabolism, energy, nerve functioning
Foods- Meat milk enriched grains whole grains legumes green leafy vegetables
Deficiency of thiamin - Berberi, common in those with alcohol use disorder
Deficiency of riboflavin - Cheilosis( cracking of corner of mouth) (glossitis- smooth swollen red tongue)
Deficiency of folate - Result in neural tube defects in utero
Deficiency of cobalmin - Pernicious anemia, affects strict vegan and those lacking intrinsic factor (need
for absorption of B12
Vitamin A - Vision health , skeletal and soft tissue development and strength
Foods- oranges yellow fruits and veggies carrots apricots cantaloupe fatty fish eggs liver dairy products
Deficiency- vision issues xerothalemia- dry thickened conjunctiva and cornea
Calcium (9-10.5) - Bone teeth formation nerve and muscle function clotting blood pressure
Food- dairy product dark green veg fortified food
Hypercalcemia constipation decreased deep tendon reflexes kidney stones lethargy
Hypocalcemia- positive chvostek and trosseau sign muscle spasm tingling lips and fingers
Chloride 98-106 - Digestion maintaining intercellular fluid and extracellular fluid
Food- salt
Hyperchloremia- nausea vomiting
Hyopchloremia- muscle cramps gi upset
