PNR 205/ PNR205 (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Concepts
of Leadership and Collaboration Review| Questions and
Verified Answers| 100% Correct| Grade A- Fortis
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - ANSWER (level 1) Physiological Needs,
(level 2) Safety and Security,
(level 3) Relationships, Love and Affection,
(level 4) Self Esteem,
(level 5) Self Actualization
Leininger culture care theory- two kinds of care - ANSWER generic(home used in
care- self care. Professional ( provided by specifically trained professionals
leininger :three modes to provide care - ANSWER Preservaton or Maintenance -
Assist those of certain cultures to maintain care values to help them maintain health
or restore health (bloodletting)•
Accommodation or Negotiation-Show alternatives that are safer (Vicks on cheek
instead of nostrils).
Repatterning orRestructuring -Respect cultural differences while maintaining safe
and protective environment(cleansing pads instead of mud on umbilicus)
Peplau Interpersonal Relations theory - ANSWER Four overlapping phases:•
*Orientation - help to recognize problem - helps to develop personal and social
growth•
*Identification - client understands the situation and responds to nurse providing
help•
*Exploitation - client begins to depend on nurse and uses help offered, exploring all
possibilities• *Resolution - dependent behavior is given up and therapeutic
relationship ends
Dorthea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory - ANSWER A general theory that has three
sub theories:•
*Self care: Goal that is directed toward a safer environment for life, health, and well-
being•
*Self-care deficit: Personal care does not meet therapeutic self-care demands•
*Nursing system: Nurses empower the client through their interpersonal relationship
to help meet their self-care demands
Rosenstock'sHealth BeliefTheory - ANSWER Tries to explain why a person will or
won't take action to prevent or detect illness•
*Perceptions vary and may have no basis in reality•
*Beliefs are connected to existing barriers•
*A cue to action is seen as necessary
, critical thinking/ nursing process 1 - ANSWER Data collection::
Entails purposeful, informed, outcome-focused(results-oriented) thinking that
requires careful identification of the problems, issues, and risks involved
what is the most important part of maslow heirarchy of needs - ANSWER
Psychological(oxygen, nutrition, elimination, safety, rest and comfort, hygiene,
activity, sexual.
critical thinking/ nursing process 2 - ANSWER Planning::
Use knowledge to tailor approaches based on circumstances
critical thinking/ nursing process 3 - ANSWER Implementation::
.Logic and intuition, based on knowledge, skills, and experience of the LPN/LVN
• Guided by professional standards
critical thinking/ nursing process 4 - ANSWER Evaluation::
Reevaluating, self-correcting, and striving to improve
Critical Thinking - Scientific Principles - ANSWER Collecting data in an organized
way• Verifying data in an organized way• Arranging data in an organized way
(trending data)• Looking for gaps in information• Analyzing data• Testing it out - is it
purposeful and outcome/goal-oriented
Cognitive Thinking Levels - Examples - ANSWER Knowledge• Recall/Memorization•
Comprehension• Understanding•
Application• Use what you know•
Analysis• Break down complex info into basic parts
Formulating the ClinicalQuestion - ANSWER *Formulated in an objective, concise
manner
*Use professional resources, the latest, most relevant research evidence that
pertains to the clinical question is located
*An expert or panel of experts conducts a systematic review which is a summary of
the results of selected studies
*Guidelines are determined
*Using critical thinking skills, the gathered evidence is combined with clinical
experience and the client's preferences and values for use in a specific clinical
situation
Evidence-BasedPractice -3 Components - ANSWER 1.)Best practices (best
research evidence,
2) Nurse's clinical expertise,
3)patient preferences
QualitativeResearch -Collecting Data 1 - ANSWER Interviews- response to history
and nurse questions
QualitativeResearch -Collecting Data 2 - ANSWER Direct observation- what you
observe as the client responds
of Leadership and Collaboration Review| Questions and
Verified Answers| 100% Correct| Grade A- Fortis
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - ANSWER (level 1) Physiological Needs,
(level 2) Safety and Security,
(level 3) Relationships, Love and Affection,
(level 4) Self Esteem,
(level 5) Self Actualization
Leininger culture care theory- two kinds of care - ANSWER generic(home used in
care- self care. Professional ( provided by specifically trained professionals
leininger :three modes to provide care - ANSWER Preservaton or Maintenance -
Assist those of certain cultures to maintain care values to help them maintain health
or restore health (bloodletting)•
Accommodation or Negotiation-Show alternatives that are safer (Vicks on cheek
instead of nostrils).
Repatterning orRestructuring -Respect cultural differences while maintaining safe
and protective environment(cleansing pads instead of mud on umbilicus)
Peplau Interpersonal Relations theory - ANSWER Four overlapping phases:•
*Orientation - help to recognize problem - helps to develop personal and social
growth•
*Identification - client understands the situation and responds to nurse providing
help•
*Exploitation - client begins to depend on nurse and uses help offered, exploring all
possibilities• *Resolution - dependent behavior is given up and therapeutic
relationship ends
Dorthea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory - ANSWER A general theory that has three
sub theories:•
*Self care: Goal that is directed toward a safer environment for life, health, and well-
being•
*Self-care deficit: Personal care does not meet therapeutic self-care demands•
*Nursing system: Nurses empower the client through their interpersonal relationship
to help meet their self-care demands
Rosenstock'sHealth BeliefTheory - ANSWER Tries to explain why a person will or
won't take action to prevent or detect illness•
*Perceptions vary and may have no basis in reality•
*Beliefs are connected to existing barriers•
*A cue to action is seen as necessary
, critical thinking/ nursing process 1 - ANSWER Data collection::
Entails purposeful, informed, outcome-focused(results-oriented) thinking that
requires careful identification of the problems, issues, and risks involved
what is the most important part of maslow heirarchy of needs - ANSWER
Psychological(oxygen, nutrition, elimination, safety, rest and comfort, hygiene,
activity, sexual.
critical thinking/ nursing process 2 - ANSWER Planning::
Use knowledge to tailor approaches based on circumstances
critical thinking/ nursing process 3 - ANSWER Implementation::
.Logic and intuition, based on knowledge, skills, and experience of the LPN/LVN
• Guided by professional standards
critical thinking/ nursing process 4 - ANSWER Evaluation::
Reevaluating, self-correcting, and striving to improve
Critical Thinking - Scientific Principles - ANSWER Collecting data in an organized
way• Verifying data in an organized way• Arranging data in an organized way
(trending data)• Looking for gaps in information• Analyzing data• Testing it out - is it
purposeful and outcome/goal-oriented
Cognitive Thinking Levels - Examples - ANSWER Knowledge• Recall/Memorization•
Comprehension• Understanding•
Application• Use what you know•
Analysis• Break down complex info into basic parts
Formulating the ClinicalQuestion - ANSWER *Formulated in an objective, concise
manner
*Use professional resources, the latest, most relevant research evidence that
pertains to the clinical question is located
*An expert or panel of experts conducts a systematic review which is a summary of
the results of selected studies
*Guidelines are determined
*Using critical thinking skills, the gathered evidence is combined with clinical
experience and the client's preferences and values for use in a specific clinical
situation
Evidence-BasedPractice -3 Components - ANSWER 1.)Best practices (best
research evidence,
2) Nurse's clinical expertise,
3)patient preferences
QualitativeResearch -Collecting Data 1 - ANSWER Interviews- response to history
and nurse questions
QualitativeResearch -Collecting Data 2 - ANSWER Direct observation- what you
observe as the client responds
