PLTW BIOMED FINAL EXAM 2024 NEWEST EXAM 2
VERSIONS (VERSION A AND B) COMPLETE 400
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS (100%
CORRECT) /ALREADY GRADED A+
anemia - ANSWER: a condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells
blood plasma - ANSWER: pale yellow fluid portion of whole blood that consists of
water and dissolved consituents
erythrocytes - ANSWER: aka red blood cells, hemoglobin-carrying cells that carry
oxygen to the tissues and are responsible for the red color of the vertebrate blood
leukocytes - ANSWER: aka white blood cells, colorless, lack of hemoglobin, and help
prevent infection
hematocrit - ANSWER: percent of the volume of whole blood that is composed of red
blood cells as determined by separation of red blood cells from the plasma
sickle cell disease - ANSWER: homozygous gene hemoglobin S, destruction of red
blood cells by episodic blocking and dis form the shape of cells
thrombocytes - ANSWER: aka platelets, assists in blood clotting by adhering to other
platelets and damaged epithelium
formula for hematocrit - ANSWER: blood cells divided by total, times 100
amino acid - ANSWER: an organic monomer which serves as a building block of
proteins
anticodon - ANSWER: a triplet nucleotide bases in tRNA that identifies the amino
acid carried and binds to a complementary codon in mRNA during protein synthesis
codon - ANSWER: a three-nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA that specifies a
particular amino acid or termination signal, basic unit of a genetic code
hydrophilic - ANSWER: having an affinity for water
hydrophobic - ANSWER: having an aversion for water, tending to coalesce and form
droplets in water
messenger RNA - ANSWER: a type of RNA synthesized from DNA and attached to
ribosomes in the cytoplasm; it specifies the primary structure of a protein
, mutation - ANSWER: a rare change in the DNA of a gene, ultimately creating genetic
diversity
nucleotide - ANSWER: building block of a nucleic acid, consisting of a five-carbon
sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group
protein - ANSWER: a three dimensional polymer made of monomers of amino acids
protein synthesis - ANSWER: the creation of a protein from a DNA template
ribonucleic acid RNA - ANSWER: type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide
monomers with a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases: adenine, cytosine,
guanine, and uracil. single stranded, functions in protein synthesis and as the
genome of some viruses
ribosome - ANSWER: a cell organelle that functions as the site of protein synthesis in
the cytoplasm, consists of ribosomal RNA and protein molecules
transcription - ANSWER: the synthesis of RNA on a DNA template
translation - ANSWER: the synthesis of a polypeptide using the genetic information
encoded in an mRNA molecule, there is a change of language from nucleotides to
amino acids
transfer RNA - ANSWER: an RNA molecule that functions as an interpreter between
nucleic acid and protein language by picking up specific amino acids and recognizing
the appropriate codons in the mRNA
allele - ANSWER: any of the alternative forms of a gene that may occur at a given
locus
autosome - ANSWER: a chromosome that is not directly involved on determining sex,
as opposed to a sex chromosome
chromosme - ANSWER: any of the usually linear bodies in the cell nucleus thy
contain the genetic material
dominant trait - ANSWER: a genetic trait is considered dominant if it is expressed in a
persons who has only one copy of the gene associated with the trait
gene - ANSWER: a discrete unit of hereditary information
genetic material - ANSWER: molecules responsible for heredity and variation of
organisms
genotype - ANSWER: all or part of the genetic constitution of an individual of group
VERSIONS (VERSION A AND B) COMPLETE 400
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS (100%
CORRECT) /ALREADY GRADED A+
anemia - ANSWER: a condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells
blood plasma - ANSWER: pale yellow fluid portion of whole blood that consists of
water and dissolved consituents
erythrocytes - ANSWER: aka red blood cells, hemoglobin-carrying cells that carry
oxygen to the tissues and are responsible for the red color of the vertebrate blood
leukocytes - ANSWER: aka white blood cells, colorless, lack of hemoglobin, and help
prevent infection
hematocrit - ANSWER: percent of the volume of whole blood that is composed of red
blood cells as determined by separation of red blood cells from the plasma
sickle cell disease - ANSWER: homozygous gene hemoglobin S, destruction of red
blood cells by episodic blocking and dis form the shape of cells
thrombocytes - ANSWER: aka platelets, assists in blood clotting by adhering to other
platelets and damaged epithelium
formula for hematocrit - ANSWER: blood cells divided by total, times 100
amino acid - ANSWER: an organic monomer which serves as a building block of
proteins
anticodon - ANSWER: a triplet nucleotide bases in tRNA that identifies the amino
acid carried and binds to a complementary codon in mRNA during protein synthesis
codon - ANSWER: a three-nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA that specifies a
particular amino acid or termination signal, basic unit of a genetic code
hydrophilic - ANSWER: having an affinity for water
hydrophobic - ANSWER: having an aversion for water, tending to coalesce and form
droplets in water
messenger RNA - ANSWER: a type of RNA synthesized from DNA and attached to
ribosomes in the cytoplasm; it specifies the primary structure of a protein
, mutation - ANSWER: a rare change in the DNA of a gene, ultimately creating genetic
diversity
nucleotide - ANSWER: building block of a nucleic acid, consisting of a five-carbon
sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group
protein - ANSWER: a three dimensional polymer made of monomers of amino acids
protein synthesis - ANSWER: the creation of a protein from a DNA template
ribonucleic acid RNA - ANSWER: type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide
monomers with a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases: adenine, cytosine,
guanine, and uracil. single stranded, functions in protein synthesis and as the
genome of some viruses
ribosome - ANSWER: a cell organelle that functions as the site of protein synthesis in
the cytoplasm, consists of ribosomal RNA and protein molecules
transcription - ANSWER: the synthesis of RNA on a DNA template
translation - ANSWER: the synthesis of a polypeptide using the genetic information
encoded in an mRNA molecule, there is a change of language from nucleotides to
amino acids
transfer RNA - ANSWER: an RNA molecule that functions as an interpreter between
nucleic acid and protein language by picking up specific amino acids and recognizing
the appropriate codons in the mRNA
allele - ANSWER: any of the alternative forms of a gene that may occur at a given
locus
autosome - ANSWER: a chromosome that is not directly involved on determining sex,
as opposed to a sex chromosome
chromosme - ANSWER: any of the usually linear bodies in the cell nucleus thy
contain the genetic material
dominant trait - ANSWER: a genetic trait is considered dominant if it is expressed in a
persons who has only one copy of the gene associated with the trait
gene - ANSWER: a discrete unit of hereditary information
genetic material - ANSWER: molecules responsible for heredity and variation of
organisms
genotype - ANSWER: all or part of the genetic constitution of an individual of group
