NURS 3010 Final questions with correct answers
Define dysphagia and common causes and symptoms/signs Correct
Answer-Difficulty swallowing. Causes: neurologic disorders, head and
neck cancer, tooth loss, xerostomia, muscular weakness of the larynx.
Signs/symptoms: unexplained drop in food intake or repeated episodes
of pneumonia related to aspiration. Reluctant to eat food, very slow
chewing, complaints of food sticking in the throat, holding pockets of
food in the cheeks, painful swallowing, regurgitation, choking or
coughing during attempts to eat.
What dietary modifications will help reduce GERD? Correct Answer-
Decrease esophageal irritation (avoid coffee, strong tea, chocolate,
citrus, spicy foods, smoking and alcohol), Increase lower esophageal
sphincter pressure (adequate intake of lean protein, avoid high-fat meals,
avoid peppermint or spearmint), Decrease reflux frequency and volume
(eat small, frequent meals, consume adequate fiber and water, avoid
eating 3-4 hours before bed), Clear food materials from the esophagus
What are some lifestyle factors that increase the risk for both Hiatal
Hernia and GERD ? Correct Answer-Being overweight
What medical therapy might be recommended to improve immediate
symptoms of GERD? Correct Answer-Proton pump inhibitors,
laparoscopic fundoplication, weight reduction
What dietary modifications are required for patients with celiac disease?
Correct Answer-No gluten, monitored for vitamin/mineral deficiencies
, What is the most likely cause of peptic ulcer disease? Correct Answer-
H. Pylori infection and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use
(ibuprofen and aspirin)
Name the primary medical, dietary, and lifestyle recommendations to
treat peptic ulcer disease? Correct Answer-Drug therapy (antibiotics,
antacids, HCl secretion controllers, proton pump inhibitors, mucosal
protectors)
Adequate rest, relaxation and sleep. Eliminate habits such as smoking
and alcohol use and irritating drugs should be avoided.
Eat a well balanced and healthy diet, increase antioxidants and decrease
foods that cause oxidative stress. Do not eat large meals, avoid irritants
(spicy foods, black pepper, etc), do not smoke.
What is the major risk of leaving peptic ulcers untreated? Correct
Answer-A perforated ulcer can burn a hole in the stomach wall
What are the most effective methods to treat liver disease? (medication?
exercise?, diet?) Correct Answer-Medical treatment is not effective
because the liver is where they would be processed. 4-6 small meals
daily, avoid hepatotoxic substances, individualized adjustments of
macronut's and kcals, fat limited to 30% if steatorrhea is present,
enteral/parenteral nutrition support, vitamin/mineral supplementation.
What causes hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatic encephalopathy? Correct
Answer-Hepatitis: many causes, viruses, bacteria, drugs, alcohol, toxins,
etc.)
Define dysphagia and common causes and symptoms/signs Correct
Answer-Difficulty swallowing. Causes: neurologic disorders, head and
neck cancer, tooth loss, xerostomia, muscular weakness of the larynx.
Signs/symptoms: unexplained drop in food intake or repeated episodes
of pneumonia related to aspiration. Reluctant to eat food, very slow
chewing, complaints of food sticking in the throat, holding pockets of
food in the cheeks, painful swallowing, regurgitation, choking or
coughing during attempts to eat.
What dietary modifications will help reduce GERD? Correct Answer-
Decrease esophageal irritation (avoid coffee, strong tea, chocolate,
citrus, spicy foods, smoking and alcohol), Increase lower esophageal
sphincter pressure (adequate intake of lean protein, avoid high-fat meals,
avoid peppermint or spearmint), Decrease reflux frequency and volume
(eat small, frequent meals, consume adequate fiber and water, avoid
eating 3-4 hours before bed), Clear food materials from the esophagus
What are some lifestyle factors that increase the risk for both Hiatal
Hernia and GERD ? Correct Answer-Being overweight
What medical therapy might be recommended to improve immediate
symptoms of GERD? Correct Answer-Proton pump inhibitors,
laparoscopic fundoplication, weight reduction
What dietary modifications are required for patients with celiac disease?
Correct Answer-No gluten, monitored for vitamin/mineral deficiencies
, What is the most likely cause of peptic ulcer disease? Correct Answer-
H. Pylori infection and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use
(ibuprofen and aspirin)
Name the primary medical, dietary, and lifestyle recommendations to
treat peptic ulcer disease? Correct Answer-Drug therapy (antibiotics,
antacids, HCl secretion controllers, proton pump inhibitors, mucosal
protectors)
Adequate rest, relaxation and sleep. Eliminate habits such as smoking
and alcohol use and irritating drugs should be avoided.
Eat a well balanced and healthy diet, increase antioxidants and decrease
foods that cause oxidative stress. Do not eat large meals, avoid irritants
(spicy foods, black pepper, etc), do not smoke.
What is the major risk of leaving peptic ulcers untreated? Correct
Answer-A perforated ulcer can burn a hole in the stomach wall
What are the most effective methods to treat liver disease? (medication?
exercise?, diet?) Correct Answer-Medical treatment is not effective
because the liver is where they would be processed. 4-6 small meals
daily, avoid hepatotoxic substances, individualized adjustments of
macronut's and kcals, fat limited to 30% if steatorrhea is present,
enteral/parenteral nutrition support, vitamin/mineral supplementation.
What causes hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatic encephalopathy? Correct
Answer-Hepatitis: many causes, viruses, bacteria, drugs, alcohol, toxins,
etc.)
