MDC 4 EXAM 1 LATEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE |
ALREADY GRADED A+ {RASMUSSEN UNIVERSITY
What do you think are the main contributors to MS trauma ? - ANSWER: o Aging of
the nation
o Osteoporosis
o Falls
o Failure to use recommended safety equipment for recreational activities
Fall prevention/home safety - ANSWER: • Hand rails in bathrooms
• Ramps instead of stairs
• Wear rubber sole shoes
• Avoid scatter rugs
• Prevent clutter
• Avoid slippery floors
Health promotion - ANSWER: • Daily sun exposure: 5 minutes per day
• Increase Vitamin D and calcium intake in the diet (dairy products and dark leafy
green vegetables).
• Avoid alcohol.
• Avoid tobacco.
• Limit the intake of carbonated beverages.
• Include weight-bearing exercise at least 3 - 5 times per week.
• Encourage people at high risk to avoid activities that increase jarring, i.e. horseback
riding.
What systems are affected by immobility? - ANSWER: o Cardiovascular (circulatory)
o Musculoskeletal
o Integumentary
o GI/Nutrition
o Psychological
o Respiratory
What systems are significantly affected by immobility - ANSWER: o Cardiovascular
o GI/Nutrition
o Respiratory
Range of Motion (ROM) - ANSWER: Maximum Movement
Active Range of Motion (AROM) - ANSWER: Independent Joint Movement
Passive Range of Motion (PROM) - ANSWER: Dependent Joint Movement
Body mechanics - ANSWER: Coordinated use of the body to safely transfer clients
from place to place. Use lift equipment to protect the care provider from injury.
,Body alignment - ANSWER: Maintaining the body in alignment and balance while
maintaining physiological functioning.
Balance - ANSWER: When the center of gravity is close to the base of support.
Coordination - ANSWER: Muscles work together to provide purposeful movement.
Flexion - ANSWER: Bending the hinge joint at 90 degrees.
Extension - ANSWER: Straightening the hinge joint to 180 degrees.
Abduction - ANSWER: Moving the joint away from the body.
Adduction - ANSWER: Moving the joint toward the body.
Circumduction - ANSWER: Ball and socket joint in a circular motion.
Opposition - ANSWER: Touching the thumb to each finger of the hand.
Hip Replacement Prevention of complications - ANSWER: Abduction pillow: prevents
dislocation of a total hip joint replacement especially for a confused client
Bed positioning (Fowler, high - ANSWER: fowler, supine, prone, etc.)-
o Fowler's- Head of the bed 45 to 60 degrees
o Lateral-Side lying position
o Prone-Lying of the abdomen with head turned to one side
o Sims- Semiprone position
o Supine or dorsal recumbent position- Lying on the back
Purpose of positioning - ANSWER: o Prevent skin breakdown
o Prevent muscle discomfort
o Prevent damage to superficial nerves and blood vessels
o Prevent contractures
Client Transfer Safety - ANSWER: Transfer Board, Mechanical lift, transfer belt,
physical therapy, and dangling
Transfer board - ANSWER: is a board that is placed between the client and the
surface of the chair the client is moving toward. The client then slides the lower body
from one surface to the other.
Mechanical Lift - ANSWER: A transfer sling is placed under the client and a hydraulic
device with belts is attached to the sling. The client is then lifted and moved to
another surface such as a chair.
, Transfer belt - ANSWER: A belt placed around the client's waist to assist the nurse
when transferring the client from one surface to another or when ambulating.
Dangling - ANSWER: This position helps with getting the patient up in a chair, stand
or ambulate.
Effects of Immobility on Musculoskeletal System - ANSWER: o Bone density/mass
loss
o Inflammation- reduced by ice therapy and cold packs, NSAIDS, elevate, and
movement of joints, Heat and Combination of hot and cold.
o Pulmonary embolism
o 21% loss of muscle strength per week
o Osteoporosis
o Impaired balance
o Foot drop
o Altered joint mobility
o Pathological fractures
o Decreased stability
Risk Factors of immobility - ANSWER: Caffeine
Calcium and Vitamin D intake
Carbonated beverages
High phosphorous intake
Protein deficiency
Excessive alcohol intake
Excessive tobacco use
Pulmonary Embolism
Promote Health for immobility - ANSWER: ACTIVE ROM (resistance bands) AND
PASSIVE ROM
Exercise to maintain strength
Effects of Immobility on respiratory system - ANSWER: o Decrease in the depth of
respiration
o Pooling of secretions in the airways
o Decrease ability to effectively cough
o Leads to atelectasis
o Decreases all muscle strengths including the lungs
o Respiratory depth decreases affecting ventilation.
o Increases secretion
o Air passage blockage can lead to atelectasis
o Decrease ventilation capacity in response to exercise.
RISK of immobility on respiratory system - ANSWER: Aspiration Pneumonia
Collapse of air sacs or alveoli (atelectasis)
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE |
ALREADY GRADED A+ {RASMUSSEN UNIVERSITY
What do you think are the main contributors to MS trauma ? - ANSWER: o Aging of
the nation
o Osteoporosis
o Falls
o Failure to use recommended safety equipment for recreational activities
Fall prevention/home safety - ANSWER: • Hand rails in bathrooms
• Ramps instead of stairs
• Wear rubber sole shoes
• Avoid scatter rugs
• Prevent clutter
• Avoid slippery floors
Health promotion - ANSWER: • Daily sun exposure: 5 minutes per day
• Increase Vitamin D and calcium intake in the diet (dairy products and dark leafy
green vegetables).
• Avoid alcohol.
• Avoid tobacco.
• Limit the intake of carbonated beverages.
• Include weight-bearing exercise at least 3 - 5 times per week.
• Encourage people at high risk to avoid activities that increase jarring, i.e. horseback
riding.
What systems are affected by immobility? - ANSWER: o Cardiovascular (circulatory)
o Musculoskeletal
o Integumentary
o GI/Nutrition
o Psychological
o Respiratory
What systems are significantly affected by immobility - ANSWER: o Cardiovascular
o GI/Nutrition
o Respiratory
Range of Motion (ROM) - ANSWER: Maximum Movement
Active Range of Motion (AROM) - ANSWER: Independent Joint Movement
Passive Range of Motion (PROM) - ANSWER: Dependent Joint Movement
Body mechanics - ANSWER: Coordinated use of the body to safely transfer clients
from place to place. Use lift equipment to protect the care provider from injury.
,Body alignment - ANSWER: Maintaining the body in alignment and balance while
maintaining physiological functioning.
Balance - ANSWER: When the center of gravity is close to the base of support.
Coordination - ANSWER: Muscles work together to provide purposeful movement.
Flexion - ANSWER: Bending the hinge joint at 90 degrees.
Extension - ANSWER: Straightening the hinge joint to 180 degrees.
Abduction - ANSWER: Moving the joint away from the body.
Adduction - ANSWER: Moving the joint toward the body.
Circumduction - ANSWER: Ball and socket joint in a circular motion.
Opposition - ANSWER: Touching the thumb to each finger of the hand.
Hip Replacement Prevention of complications - ANSWER: Abduction pillow: prevents
dislocation of a total hip joint replacement especially for a confused client
Bed positioning (Fowler, high - ANSWER: fowler, supine, prone, etc.)-
o Fowler's- Head of the bed 45 to 60 degrees
o Lateral-Side lying position
o Prone-Lying of the abdomen with head turned to one side
o Sims- Semiprone position
o Supine or dorsal recumbent position- Lying on the back
Purpose of positioning - ANSWER: o Prevent skin breakdown
o Prevent muscle discomfort
o Prevent damage to superficial nerves and blood vessels
o Prevent contractures
Client Transfer Safety - ANSWER: Transfer Board, Mechanical lift, transfer belt,
physical therapy, and dangling
Transfer board - ANSWER: is a board that is placed between the client and the
surface of the chair the client is moving toward. The client then slides the lower body
from one surface to the other.
Mechanical Lift - ANSWER: A transfer sling is placed under the client and a hydraulic
device with belts is attached to the sling. The client is then lifted and moved to
another surface such as a chair.
, Transfer belt - ANSWER: A belt placed around the client's waist to assist the nurse
when transferring the client from one surface to another or when ambulating.
Dangling - ANSWER: This position helps with getting the patient up in a chair, stand
or ambulate.
Effects of Immobility on Musculoskeletal System - ANSWER: o Bone density/mass
loss
o Inflammation- reduced by ice therapy and cold packs, NSAIDS, elevate, and
movement of joints, Heat and Combination of hot and cold.
o Pulmonary embolism
o 21% loss of muscle strength per week
o Osteoporosis
o Impaired balance
o Foot drop
o Altered joint mobility
o Pathological fractures
o Decreased stability
Risk Factors of immobility - ANSWER: Caffeine
Calcium and Vitamin D intake
Carbonated beverages
High phosphorous intake
Protein deficiency
Excessive alcohol intake
Excessive tobacco use
Pulmonary Embolism
Promote Health for immobility - ANSWER: ACTIVE ROM (resistance bands) AND
PASSIVE ROM
Exercise to maintain strength
Effects of Immobility on respiratory system - ANSWER: o Decrease in the depth of
respiration
o Pooling of secretions in the airways
o Decrease ability to effectively cough
o Leads to atelectasis
o Decreases all muscle strengths including the lungs
o Respiratory depth decreases affecting ventilation.
o Increases secretion
o Air passage blockage can lead to atelectasis
o Decrease ventilation capacity in response to exercise.
RISK of immobility on respiratory system - ANSWER: Aspiration Pneumonia
Collapse of air sacs or alveoli (atelectasis)
