Exam 2)NUR 426 Exam 2: Practice Questions & Answers
During the first 12 hours after a kidney transplant, fluids are replaced on a 1:1 ration (T/F) - ANSWER:T
Your patient is 15 hours post op from a kidney transplant. When emptying their foley, you note a output
of 600 mL of urine. How many mL of fluid should you replace in your patient?
A. 600 mL
B. 100 mL per hour; output has no significance on fluid replacement
C. 300 mL
D. 1200 mL - ANSWER:C
Once a patient receives their new organ, immune suppression therapy is no longer needed as the body
will acclimate to the new organ (T/F) - ANSWER:F
Individuals after transplant need a dedicated caregiver to ensure proper healing and reduce the risk of
rejecting the organ (T/F) - ANSWER:T
Your patient is 6 hours post op from a kidney transplant. When emptying out their foley you notice that
they have 800 mL of output. How much fluids would you give the patient for replacement?
A. 400 mL
B. 1200 mL
C. 200 mL/ hr, output does not need to be assessed for replacement
D. 800 mL - ANSWER:D
What are the purposes of dialysis? (SATA)
1. dialysis can be used to correct drug overdoses
2. dialysis corrects fluid and electrolyte imbalance
3. dialysis removes waste products
4. dialysis cures kidney disease - ANSWER:1, 2, 3
Which of the following is true about Continous Renal Replacement (CRRT)? (SATA)
1. it is indicated for hemodynamically unstable patients
,2. hypotension is a common side effect
3. a trained ICU nurse can run it
4. anticoagulation is needed to prevent clotting - ANSWER:1, 3, 4
The nurse is caring for a patient undergoing peritoneal dialysis. What findings should the nurse report to
the primary health provider that would indicate peritonitis?
A. abdominal pain
B. hyperkalemia
C. oliguria
D. hyponatremia - ANSWER:A
A patient with chronic kidney disease is prescribed regular peritoneal dialysis (PD). What should the
nurse inform the patient while teaching about PD?
A. avoid protein drinks
B. take potassium replacements
C. restrict fluid intake
D. avoid a high protein diet - ANSWER:B
A patient with chronic kidney disease is advised to undergo peritoneal dialysis (PD). What advantages of
PD over hemodialysis (HD) should the nurse explain to the patient? (SATA)
1. The procedure is simple
2. It can be performed at home
3. There is no risk of infection
4. A special water system is needed/ required
5. The equipment setup is simple - ANSWER:1, 2, 5
Which of the following is a contraindication for using CRRT on a patient?
A. If the patient has any type of acid-base imbalance
B. If the patient is unable to tolerate rapid removal of fluid
C. If the patient has life threatening manifestations of uremia
,D. If the patient has a large amount of uremia toxins and hypervolemia - ANSWER:C
Before beginning hemodialysis, the nurse weighs the patient and then compares this weight to the
patients last postdialysis weight. What is the purpose of this assessment?
A. To ensure the patient is drinking enough water
B. To ensure that the patient is eating a proper diet
C. There is no particular reason for this assessment
D. To determine the amount of fluid to remove from the patient - ANSWER:D
Which of the following is true regarding arteriovenous fistulas (AVF)?
A. It is created with the arm as an anastomosis of an artery and a vein
B. The arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) may be used the same day as it is placed
C. It is made by attaching a synthetic material to form a bridge between the artery and the vein
D. If a bruit is heard at the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) site, it is no longer functional. - ANSWER:A
A patient has end-stage kidney disease and is receiving hemodialysis. During dialysis the patient
complains of nausea and a headache and appears confused. On examination, the nurse discovers that
the patient's BP is very low. What is the priority action by the nurse?
A. Transfuse 1 unit PRBC
B. Avoid excess coagulation
C. Infuse 0.9% saline solution
D. Infuse hypertonic glucose solution - ANSWER:C
The dialysis nurse is administering hemodialysis to a patient with chronic kidney failure. For what
common complication should the nurse carefully monitor in this patient?
A. Pneumonia
B. Hypotension
C. Hernia
D. Lower back pain - ANSWER:B
, Several different whole and partial organs can be transplanted. The least common single organ
transplant is?
A. Heart
B. Kidney
C. Lung
D. Intestines - ANSWER:D
Organ transplant is a treatment option for any client experiencing end-organ failure. However, only a
small amount of these patients ever receive a new organ. The nurse knows that this is due to which
limiting factor?
A. Donor Organs
B. High mortality Rate
C. Lack of caregiver support
D. HLA incompatibility - ANSWER:A
What accurately describes rejection after transplantation?
A. Chronic rejection can be reversed
B. First line treatment for rejection is plasmapheresis
C. Hyperacute reaction is prevented by crossmatching before transplantation
D. Acute rejection is always treated with sirolimus or tacrolimus - ANSWER:C
In a person having an acute rejection of a transplanted kidney, what would help the nurse understand
the course of events? (SATA)
1. A new transplant should be considered
2. The gold standard for diagnosing acute rejection in kidney transplant is tissue biopsy
3. Repeated episodes of acute rejection can lead to chronic rejection
4. Acute rejection is rare and can be prevented
5. Acute rejection can be treated with monoclonal antibody treatment - ANSWER:2, 3, 5
During the first 12 hours after a kidney transplant, fluids are replaced on a 1:1 ration (T/F) - ANSWER:T
Your patient is 15 hours post op from a kidney transplant. When emptying their foley, you note a output
of 600 mL of urine. How many mL of fluid should you replace in your patient?
A. 600 mL
B. 100 mL per hour; output has no significance on fluid replacement
C. 300 mL
D. 1200 mL - ANSWER:C
Once a patient receives their new organ, immune suppression therapy is no longer needed as the body
will acclimate to the new organ (T/F) - ANSWER:F
Individuals after transplant need a dedicated caregiver to ensure proper healing and reduce the risk of
rejecting the organ (T/F) - ANSWER:T
Your patient is 6 hours post op from a kidney transplant. When emptying out their foley you notice that
they have 800 mL of output. How much fluids would you give the patient for replacement?
A. 400 mL
B. 1200 mL
C. 200 mL/ hr, output does not need to be assessed for replacement
D. 800 mL - ANSWER:D
What are the purposes of dialysis? (SATA)
1. dialysis can be used to correct drug overdoses
2. dialysis corrects fluid and electrolyte imbalance
3. dialysis removes waste products
4. dialysis cures kidney disease - ANSWER:1, 2, 3
Which of the following is true about Continous Renal Replacement (CRRT)? (SATA)
1. it is indicated for hemodynamically unstable patients
,2. hypotension is a common side effect
3. a trained ICU nurse can run it
4. anticoagulation is needed to prevent clotting - ANSWER:1, 3, 4
The nurse is caring for a patient undergoing peritoneal dialysis. What findings should the nurse report to
the primary health provider that would indicate peritonitis?
A. abdominal pain
B. hyperkalemia
C. oliguria
D. hyponatremia - ANSWER:A
A patient with chronic kidney disease is prescribed regular peritoneal dialysis (PD). What should the
nurse inform the patient while teaching about PD?
A. avoid protein drinks
B. take potassium replacements
C. restrict fluid intake
D. avoid a high protein diet - ANSWER:B
A patient with chronic kidney disease is advised to undergo peritoneal dialysis (PD). What advantages of
PD over hemodialysis (HD) should the nurse explain to the patient? (SATA)
1. The procedure is simple
2. It can be performed at home
3. There is no risk of infection
4. A special water system is needed/ required
5. The equipment setup is simple - ANSWER:1, 2, 5
Which of the following is a contraindication for using CRRT on a patient?
A. If the patient has any type of acid-base imbalance
B. If the patient is unable to tolerate rapid removal of fluid
C. If the patient has life threatening manifestations of uremia
,D. If the patient has a large amount of uremia toxins and hypervolemia - ANSWER:C
Before beginning hemodialysis, the nurse weighs the patient and then compares this weight to the
patients last postdialysis weight. What is the purpose of this assessment?
A. To ensure the patient is drinking enough water
B. To ensure that the patient is eating a proper diet
C. There is no particular reason for this assessment
D. To determine the amount of fluid to remove from the patient - ANSWER:D
Which of the following is true regarding arteriovenous fistulas (AVF)?
A. It is created with the arm as an anastomosis of an artery and a vein
B. The arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) may be used the same day as it is placed
C. It is made by attaching a synthetic material to form a bridge between the artery and the vein
D. If a bruit is heard at the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) site, it is no longer functional. - ANSWER:A
A patient has end-stage kidney disease and is receiving hemodialysis. During dialysis the patient
complains of nausea and a headache and appears confused. On examination, the nurse discovers that
the patient's BP is very low. What is the priority action by the nurse?
A. Transfuse 1 unit PRBC
B. Avoid excess coagulation
C. Infuse 0.9% saline solution
D. Infuse hypertonic glucose solution - ANSWER:C
The dialysis nurse is administering hemodialysis to a patient with chronic kidney failure. For what
common complication should the nurse carefully monitor in this patient?
A. Pneumonia
B. Hypotension
C. Hernia
D. Lower back pain - ANSWER:B
, Several different whole and partial organs can be transplanted. The least common single organ
transplant is?
A. Heart
B. Kidney
C. Lung
D. Intestines - ANSWER:D
Organ transplant is a treatment option for any client experiencing end-organ failure. However, only a
small amount of these patients ever receive a new organ. The nurse knows that this is due to which
limiting factor?
A. Donor Organs
B. High mortality Rate
C. Lack of caregiver support
D. HLA incompatibility - ANSWER:A
What accurately describes rejection after transplantation?
A. Chronic rejection can be reversed
B. First line treatment for rejection is plasmapheresis
C. Hyperacute reaction is prevented by crossmatching before transplantation
D. Acute rejection is always treated with sirolimus or tacrolimus - ANSWER:C
In a person having an acute rejection of a transplanted kidney, what would help the nurse understand
the course of events? (SATA)
1. A new transplant should be considered
2. The gold standard for diagnosing acute rejection in kidney transplant is tissue biopsy
3. Repeated episodes of acute rejection can lead to chronic rejection
4. Acute rejection is rare and can be prevented
5. Acute rejection can be treated with monoclonal antibody treatment - ANSWER:2, 3, 5
