Exam 1: NR 283: Pathophysiology Exam:NR283/NR283 Week 2:NR 283 Practice
Questions & Answers:NR283 Pathophysiology Week 8:athophysiology Week 5
NR28
Which of the following is the most common cause of cellular injury?
A. Hypoxia
B. Chemical injury from drugs
C. Free radical-induced injury
D. Chemical injury from pollutants - ANSWER:A. Hypoxia
Which type of necrosis best describes death of a cell from hypoxia, generally as a result of ischemia in
the lower extremities?
A. Fat
B. Coagulative
C. Liquefactive
D. Gangrenous - ANSWER:D. Gangrenous
Which statement is TRUE with regard to cellular change due to aging?
A. The cellular changes are reversible.
B. DNA becomes less susceptible to injurious stimuli.
C. The cellular changes proceed slowly and in small increments.
D. Lipid, calcium, and plasma proteins are less likely to be deposited in vessel walls. - ANSWER:C. The
cellular changes proceed slowly and in small increments.
Which term best describes an allele with an observable effect?
A. Carrier
B. Dominant
C. Recessive
D. Homozygous - ANSWER:B. Dominant
,Infusion of ______________ intravenous solutions promotes movement of water into cells, thus making
the cells swell.
A. Isotonic
B. Hypertonic
C. Hypotonic - ANSWER:B. Hypertonic
Which electrolyte is the main intracellular electrolyte?
A. Potassium
B. Sodium
C. Calcium
D. Magnesium - ANSWER:A. Potassium
Which patient is at the highest risk for developing hyponatremia?
A. Older adult male with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
B. Older adult female with congestive heart failure
C. Young adult female with systemic lupus erythemoatosus
D. Young adult male with fever, severe vomiting and diarrhea - ANSWER:D. Young adult male with fever,
severe vomiting and diarrhea
The most common cause of hyperkalemia is ___________ and ____________.
A. Excessive intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
B. Decreased intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
C. Excessive intake of K, body is excreting too much of it.
D. Decreased intake of K, body is excreting too much of it. - ANSWER:A. Excessive intake of K, body's
inability to excrete it
Hyperkalemia is present when the level of potassium in the blood is higher than ______mEq/L.
A. 3.1
B. 4.1
, C. 5.1
D. 6.1 - ANSWER:C. 5.1
1.The nurse practitioner anticipates which of the following clients would be most at risk to develop
hyperkalemia? The client:
A. Just diagnosed with cirrhosis.
B. Who has had diarrhea for the last four days.
C. With chronic renal failure.
D. With intestinal and nasogastric suctioning. - ANSWER:C. With chronic renal failure.
1The nurse understands that a client with albuminuria has edema caused by a:
A. Fall in plasma colloidal osmotic pressure
B. Fall in tissue hydrostatic pressure
C. Rise in tissue colloidal osmotic pressure
D. Rise in plasma hydrostatic pressure - ANSWER:A. Fall in plasma colloidal osmotic pressure
A client with COPD is admitted to the hospital with an exacerbation of the disease. Arterial blood gas
results are pH 7.30 PCO2 51 and HCO3 25. How would the nurse interpret these?
A. Respiratory acidosis, uncompensated.
B. Respiratory acidosis, partially compensated.
C. Respiratory alkalosis, partially compensated.
D. Metabolic acidosis, partially compensated. - ANSWER:A. Respiratory acidosis, uncompensated.
A client has come to the office with a history of vomiting for 3 days. Which of the following ABG results
would the nurse practitioner expect?
A. pH 7.3, PaCO2 50, HCO3 27
B. pH 7.34, PaC02 50 HCO3 28
C. pH 7.47, PaCO2 30, HCO3 23
D. pH 7.47, PaCO2 43, HCO3 28 - ANSWER:D. pH 7.47, PaCO2 43, HCO3 28
Questions & Answers:NR283 Pathophysiology Week 8:athophysiology Week 5
NR28
Which of the following is the most common cause of cellular injury?
A. Hypoxia
B. Chemical injury from drugs
C. Free radical-induced injury
D. Chemical injury from pollutants - ANSWER:A. Hypoxia
Which type of necrosis best describes death of a cell from hypoxia, generally as a result of ischemia in
the lower extremities?
A. Fat
B. Coagulative
C. Liquefactive
D. Gangrenous - ANSWER:D. Gangrenous
Which statement is TRUE with regard to cellular change due to aging?
A. The cellular changes are reversible.
B. DNA becomes less susceptible to injurious stimuli.
C. The cellular changes proceed slowly and in small increments.
D. Lipid, calcium, and plasma proteins are less likely to be deposited in vessel walls. - ANSWER:C. The
cellular changes proceed slowly and in small increments.
Which term best describes an allele with an observable effect?
A. Carrier
B. Dominant
C. Recessive
D. Homozygous - ANSWER:B. Dominant
,Infusion of ______________ intravenous solutions promotes movement of water into cells, thus making
the cells swell.
A. Isotonic
B. Hypertonic
C. Hypotonic - ANSWER:B. Hypertonic
Which electrolyte is the main intracellular electrolyte?
A. Potassium
B. Sodium
C. Calcium
D. Magnesium - ANSWER:A. Potassium
Which patient is at the highest risk for developing hyponatremia?
A. Older adult male with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
B. Older adult female with congestive heart failure
C. Young adult female with systemic lupus erythemoatosus
D. Young adult male with fever, severe vomiting and diarrhea - ANSWER:D. Young adult male with fever,
severe vomiting and diarrhea
The most common cause of hyperkalemia is ___________ and ____________.
A. Excessive intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
B. Decreased intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
C. Excessive intake of K, body is excreting too much of it.
D. Decreased intake of K, body is excreting too much of it. - ANSWER:A. Excessive intake of K, body's
inability to excrete it
Hyperkalemia is present when the level of potassium in the blood is higher than ______mEq/L.
A. 3.1
B. 4.1
, C. 5.1
D. 6.1 - ANSWER:C. 5.1
1.The nurse practitioner anticipates which of the following clients would be most at risk to develop
hyperkalemia? The client:
A. Just diagnosed with cirrhosis.
B. Who has had diarrhea for the last four days.
C. With chronic renal failure.
D. With intestinal and nasogastric suctioning. - ANSWER:C. With chronic renal failure.
1The nurse understands that a client with albuminuria has edema caused by a:
A. Fall in plasma colloidal osmotic pressure
B. Fall in tissue hydrostatic pressure
C. Rise in tissue colloidal osmotic pressure
D. Rise in plasma hydrostatic pressure - ANSWER:A. Fall in plasma colloidal osmotic pressure
A client with COPD is admitted to the hospital with an exacerbation of the disease. Arterial blood gas
results are pH 7.30 PCO2 51 and HCO3 25. How would the nurse interpret these?
A. Respiratory acidosis, uncompensated.
B. Respiratory acidosis, partially compensated.
C. Respiratory alkalosis, partially compensated.
D. Metabolic acidosis, partially compensated. - ANSWER:A. Respiratory acidosis, uncompensated.
A client has come to the office with a history of vomiting for 3 days. Which of the following ABG results
would the nurse practitioner expect?
A. pH 7.3, PaCO2 50, HCO3 27
B. pH 7.34, PaC02 50 HCO3 28
C. pH 7.47, PaCO2 30, HCO3 23
D. pH 7.47, PaCO2 43, HCO3 28 - ANSWER:D. pH 7.47, PaCO2 43, HCO3 28
