Bio 252 Exam 4 Questions And Answers With Verified
Study Solutions
, Bio 252 Exam 4 Questions And Answers With Verified Study
Solutions
1. What organs compose the urinary system, and what are their functions?
Answer: The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. The kidneys
form the urine and account for the other functions attributed to the urinary system. The ureters carry
the urine away from kidneys to the urinary bladder, which is a temporary reservoir for the urine. The
urethra is a tubular structure that carries the urine from the urinary bladder to the outside.
2. What are the general functions of the urinary system?
Answer: The urinary system's function is to filter blood and create urine as a waste by-product. The
organs of the urinary system include the kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder and urethra. The body
takes nutrients from food and converts them to energy.
3. What are the structural and functional differences between cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons?
Answer: Juxtamedullary nephron is a microscopic structural and functional unit of the kidney
with a long loop of Henle. Cortical nephrons have a short loop of Henle, which penetrates
only the outer renal medulla. Juxtamedullary nephrons have a long loop of Henle extending
deep into the renal medulla.
4. How does blood to, through, and away from the nephron?
Answer: The blood is at very high pressure and flows through the arterioles into tiny knot of vessels
called the Glomerulus. These are located in the nephrons. From the glomerulus the blood pressure
drops and the blood flows into arterioles which coil around the nephrons. These in turn connect to a
series of small veins.
5. What are the mechanism of glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion, and water
conservation?
Answer: The formation of urine is a homeostatic mechanism that maintains the composition and
volume of blood plasma within normal limits. In the production of urine, nephrons perform three basic
functions, which are regulating the concentration of solutes, such as nutrients and ions, in blood
plasma, and this also regulates blood pH, regulating the concentration of water in blood plasma, which
in turn helps regulate blood pressure and removing metabolic wastes and excess substances from the
blood plasma.
Study Solutions
, Bio 252 Exam 4 Questions And Answers With Verified Study
Solutions
1. What organs compose the urinary system, and what are their functions?
Answer: The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. The kidneys
form the urine and account for the other functions attributed to the urinary system. The ureters carry
the urine away from kidneys to the urinary bladder, which is a temporary reservoir for the urine. The
urethra is a tubular structure that carries the urine from the urinary bladder to the outside.
2. What are the general functions of the urinary system?
Answer: The urinary system's function is to filter blood and create urine as a waste by-product. The
organs of the urinary system include the kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder and urethra. The body
takes nutrients from food and converts them to energy.
3. What are the structural and functional differences between cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons?
Answer: Juxtamedullary nephron is a microscopic structural and functional unit of the kidney
with a long loop of Henle. Cortical nephrons have a short loop of Henle, which penetrates
only the outer renal medulla. Juxtamedullary nephrons have a long loop of Henle extending
deep into the renal medulla.
4. How does blood to, through, and away from the nephron?
Answer: The blood is at very high pressure and flows through the arterioles into tiny knot of vessels
called the Glomerulus. These are located in the nephrons. From the glomerulus the blood pressure
drops and the blood flows into arterioles which coil around the nephrons. These in turn connect to a
series of small veins.
5. What are the mechanism of glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion, and water
conservation?
Answer: The formation of urine is a homeostatic mechanism that maintains the composition and
volume of blood plasma within normal limits. In the production of urine, nephrons perform three basic
functions, which are regulating the concentration of solutes, such as nutrients and ions, in blood
plasma, and this also regulates blood pH, regulating the concentration of water in blood plasma, which
in turn helps regulate blood pressure and removing metabolic wastes and excess substances from the
blood plasma.
