Neuroscience of Social Behaviour
and Emotional Disorders
Brain regions and a bit more..
(20130035)
Hersendeel / term Functie relevantie
Affective moral Lateral orbital frontal cortex Guilt moral
processing sensitivity
Amygdala Processes emotional Part of limbic
responses (especially fear and system
threat) (reward learning and
processing social cues) Important for
moral decision-
Emotional processing; making;
responding and recognizing integrating
emotionally significant stimuli bottom-up
(direct gaze) emotional
information and
Reactivity (figh/flight), influencing top-
attention, recognition, down cognitive
learning memory processes
Heightened
- Basolateral / cortical-like: activity outgroup
increased in size, fear - Race based
regulation evaluation
- Central-medial / striatal-
like: fear expression
Anterior cingulate Involved in conflict monitoring Moral decision-
cortex and error detection. Emotion making
regulation / decision making Monitoring for
racial bias
Dorsal: involved in cognitive
control and conflict
monitoring, cognitive conflict Both link to
(eerder 2x) (stroop task) uodating
Ventral: processing affective behaviour
and social stimuli, emotional
conflict (emotional stroop
task)
Anterior insula Pain matrix
Anterior medial Self-referential processing,
prefrontal cortex including evaluation of self-
related thoughts and goals
, Anterior temporal Personal identity, name and
biographical information
Anterior temporal Processing semantic memory, Integrating
lobe social cognition complex
information
about people and
concepts >
damaged in
semantic
dementia
Cannon-bard theory Physiological responses and Arousal after
emotional experiences occur experience
simultaneously but
independently
(hypothalamus)
Cognitive Medial pfc, temporal-parietal Helping
mentalizing network junction > moral behaviour individuals think
and judgement about others
mental states
and make moral
decisions
Cortisol ‘stress hormone’ can increase Could also be
during conflict / uncertainty excitement early
stages of love
Diffusion tensor Used to map white matter Uses MRI
imaging (DTI) microstructure. Tracking water scanner >
molecules along acons emitting signals
Grey matter: unmyelinated at multiple
neurons > processing regions angles and over
White matter: myelinated differen time
neurons > connection points :
between regions (fast Connectivity
communication) Directionality
integrity
dopamine Pleasure neurotransmitter. Interaction
Reward system. Feeling between
excitement, motivation oxytocin and
vasopressin
trigger dopamine
production >
reward
Dorsal Anterior Involved in processing When
cingulate cortex emotional pain, conflict, experiencing
monitoring and decision social exclusion,
making. Associated with dACC becomes
emotional discomfort and activated (neural
distress alarm system)
Important bias:
dACC signals PFC
and Emotional Disorders
Brain regions and a bit more..
(20130035)
Hersendeel / term Functie relevantie
Affective moral Lateral orbital frontal cortex Guilt moral
processing sensitivity
Amygdala Processes emotional Part of limbic
responses (especially fear and system
threat) (reward learning and
processing social cues) Important for
moral decision-
Emotional processing; making;
responding and recognizing integrating
emotionally significant stimuli bottom-up
(direct gaze) emotional
information and
Reactivity (figh/flight), influencing top-
attention, recognition, down cognitive
learning memory processes
Heightened
- Basolateral / cortical-like: activity outgroup
increased in size, fear - Race based
regulation evaluation
- Central-medial / striatal-
like: fear expression
Anterior cingulate Involved in conflict monitoring Moral decision-
cortex and error detection. Emotion making
regulation / decision making Monitoring for
racial bias
Dorsal: involved in cognitive
control and conflict
monitoring, cognitive conflict Both link to
(eerder 2x) (stroop task) uodating
Ventral: processing affective behaviour
and social stimuli, emotional
conflict (emotional stroop
task)
Anterior insula Pain matrix
Anterior medial Self-referential processing,
prefrontal cortex including evaluation of self-
related thoughts and goals
, Anterior temporal Personal identity, name and
biographical information
Anterior temporal Processing semantic memory, Integrating
lobe social cognition complex
information
about people and
concepts >
damaged in
semantic
dementia
Cannon-bard theory Physiological responses and Arousal after
emotional experiences occur experience
simultaneously but
independently
(hypothalamus)
Cognitive Medial pfc, temporal-parietal Helping
mentalizing network junction > moral behaviour individuals think
and judgement about others
mental states
and make moral
decisions
Cortisol ‘stress hormone’ can increase Could also be
during conflict / uncertainty excitement early
stages of love
Diffusion tensor Used to map white matter Uses MRI
imaging (DTI) microstructure. Tracking water scanner >
molecules along acons emitting signals
Grey matter: unmyelinated at multiple
neurons > processing regions angles and over
White matter: myelinated differen time
neurons > connection points :
between regions (fast Connectivity
communication) Directionality
integrity
dopamine Pleasure neurotransmitter. Interaction
Reward system. Feeling between
excitement, motivation oxytocin and
vasopressin
trigger dopamine
production >
reward
Dorsal Anterior Involved in processing When
cingulate cortex emotional pain, conflict, experiencing
monitoring and decision social exclusion,
making. Associated with dACC becomes
emotional discomfort and activated (neural
distress alarm system)
Important bias:
dACC signals PFC
