NHM 101: Essential Test 1 Review and Study Tips
Are lipids water soluble or fat soluble? - correct answer ✔✔fat soluble
Amount of energy provided by lipids - correct answer ✔✔9 kcals/gram of energy
3 Lipid classes - correct answer ✔✔triglycerides, phospholipids, sterols
Sensory properties of lipids in foods - correct answer ✔✔texture, flavor, aroma
Trends of dietary fat in 1960s - correct answer ✔✔high-fat cuts of beef, eggs, whole milk, butter, cheese
Trends of dietary fat in 1970s - correct answer ✔✔chicken, low fat milk, reduction of egg intake and
quantity of butter
Trends of dietary fat in 1980s - correct answer ✔✔emergence of reduced-fat products, low fat cheese,
fat free cookies, baked snack foods
Saturated v unsaturated fat consumption and risk - correct answer ✔✔saturated fats increase health
risk, unsaturated fats decrease health risk
general recommendations for consuming dietary fat sources - correct answer ✔✔eat less saturated fats
and more unsaturated fats
Triglyceride composition - correct answer ✔✔Glycerol backbone and 3 fatty acids
Main difference between saturated v unsaturated fats - correct answer ✔✔unsaturated fats contain
either one or more double bonds in their chemical structure
Monounsaturated v polyunsaturated fats - correct answer ✔✔monounsaturated fats: one double bond
, polyunsaturated fats: multiple double bonds
Omega 3 v Omega 6 fatty acids - correct answer ✔✔Omega 3: carbon-carbon double bond between 3rd
and 4th carbons
Omega 6: carbon-carbon double bond between 6th and 7th carbons
Cis v trans fats - correct answer ✔✔cis: double bond on same side
trans: double bond on opp. side
Hydrogentation definition - correct answer ✔✔addition of hydrogen atoms to the carbon-carbon double
bonds, more saturated
Phospholipid structure and function - correct answer ✔✔glycerol molecule, two fatty acids, and
phosphate group; food application emulsifier
Emulsifier definition - correct answer ✔✔allows water and fat to mix by breaking larger fat globules into
smaller ones
Sterols - correct answer ✔✔multiple chemical rings
Purpose of plant sterols - correct answer ✔✔help reduce cholesterol in the body
Mouth in fat digestion - correct answer ✔✔salivary glands release lipase
Stomach in fat digestion - correct answer ✔✔gastric lipase
Pancreas in fat digestion - correct answer ✔✔pancreatic lipase
Small intestine in fat digestion - correct answer ✔✔Fat digestion products & bile form micelles; diffusion
of fat contents into the small intestine; fatty acids reassembled into TG, and chylomicron to lymph
Are lipids water soluble or fat soluble? - correct answer ✔✔fat soluble
Amount of energy provided by lipids - correct answer ✔✔9 kcals/gram of energy
3 Lipid classes - correct answer ✔✔triglycerides, phospholipids, sterols
Sensory properties of lipids in foods - correct answer ✔✔texture, flavor, aroma
Trends of dietary fat in 1960s - correct answer ✔✔high-fat cuts of beef, eggs, whole milk, butter, cheese
Trends of dietary fat in 1970s - correct answer ✔✔chicken, low fat milk, reduction of egg intake and
quantity of butter
Trends of dietary fat in 1980s - correct answer ✔✔emergence of reduced-fat products, low fat cheese,
fat free cookies, baked snack foods
Saturated v unsaturated fat consumption and risk - correct answer ✔✔saturated fats increase health
risk, unsaturated fats decrease health risk
general recommendations for consuming dietary fat sources - correct answer ✔✔eat less saturated fats
and more unsaturated fats
Triglyceride composition - correct answer ✔✔Glycerol backbone and 3 fatty acids
Main difference between saturated v unsaturated fats - correct answer ✔✔unsaturated fats contain
either one or more double bonds in their chemical structure
Monounsaturated v polyunsaturated fats - correct answer ✔✔monounsaturated fats: one double bond
, polyunsaturated fats: multiple double bonds
Omega 3 v Omega 6 fatty acids - correct answer ✔✔Omega 3: carbon-carbon double bond between 3rd
and 4th carbons
Omega 6: carbon-carbon double bond between 6th and 7th carbons
Cis v trans fats - correct answer ✔✔cis: double bond on same side
trans: double bond on opp. side
Hydrogentation definition - correct answer ✔✔addition of hydrogen atoms to the carbon-carbon double
bonds, more saturated
Phospholipid structure and function - correct answer ✔✔glycerol molecule, two fatty acids, and
phosphate group; food application emulsifier
Emulsifier definition - correct answer ✔✔allows water and fat to mix by breaking larger fat globules into
smaller ones
Sterols - correct answer ✔✔multiple chemical rings
Purpose of plant sterols - correct answer ✔✔help reduce cholesterol in the body
Mouth in fat digestion - correct answer ✔✔salivary glands release lipase
Stomach in fat digestion - correct answer ✔✔gastric lipase
Pancreas in fat digestion - correct answer ✔✔pancreatic lipase
Small intestine in fat digestion - correct answer ✔✔Fat digestion products & bile form micelles; diffusion
of fat contents into the small intestine; fatty acids reassembled into TG, and chylomicron to lymph
