Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023 | 70 Questions with Detailed Answers and Rationales (Verified)

Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023 | 70 Questions with Detailed Answers and Rationales (Verified) | Graded A+ A nurse is teaching a group of parents about childhood immunization. The nurse should identify that infants should receive the first dose of the following immunizations at 12 months of age. A. Human papillomavirus B. Inactivated poliovirus C. Varicella pg.228 D. Hepatitis B. - ansB. Varicella A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a 24-month-old child who has acute lymphocytic leukemia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Obtain rectal temperature every 4 hour B. Place the child in a knee-chest position C. Apply viscous lidocaine to the oral mucosa D. Initiate bleeding precautions - ansD. Initiate bleeding precautions A nurse is assessing a toddler who is 8 hr postoperative following a cardiac catheterization procedure. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? A. Serum glucose 90 mg/dL B. Blood pressure 102/58 mmHg C. Weak pedal pulse distal to the site D. Bilateral cool extremities - ansD. Bilateral cool extremities A nurse is communicating with a child who has hearing loss. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Maintain a neutral facial expression when speaking to the child B. Change positions frequently to maintain the child's attention C. Exaggerate the pronunciation of words D. Use a light touch when initiating conversation - ansC. Exaggerate the pronunciation of words A nurse is planning to administer immunizations to a 2-month-old infant. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to decrease the infant's pain? A. Ask the parent to leave the room during the injections. B. Administer the injections in the deltoid muscle. C. Apply a warm pack to the injection site before administration. D. Administer the injections while the infant is breastfeeding. - ansD. Administer the injection while the infant is breastfeeding A nurse is assessing an infant who has severe dehydration due to gastroenteritis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Hypertension. B. Increased urine output C. Increased respiratory rate D. Capillary refill of 2 seconds - ansC. Increased respiratory rate A nurse at an inpatient facility is planning care for a child with an autism spectrum disorder. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? A. Place the child in a semi-private room. B. Vary daily routes when providing care for the child C. Keep staff with the child brief D. Keep the television on in the child's room for background noise. - ansC. Keep staff with the child brief A nurse evaluates a 4-years child who has cystic fibrosis and has been receiving chest physiotherapy treatments. The nurse should identify which of the following findings is an indication that the therapy has been effective? A. Increased urine output B. Reduced pain C. Increased expectoration D. Increased heart rate. - ansC. Increased expectoration A nurse is preparing to administer immunization to a 3-month-old infant. Which of the following is an appropriate action for the nurse to take to deliver atraumatic care? A. Provide a pacifier coated with an oral sucrose solution prior to the injections. B. Inject the immunizations into the deltoid muscle C. Apply an eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) cream immediately before the injections. - no, 60 minutes beforehand D. Use a 20-gauge needle for the injections. - no, use a 22-25gauge needle, 1/2"-1" long - ansA. Provide a pacifier coated with an oral sucrose solution prior to the injections A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a child who experienced a submersion injury. Which of the following is the priority action for the nurse to take? A. Obtain ABG samples B. Assist with intubation C. Apply warming blankets D. Administer an IV bolus. - ansB. Assist with intubation A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parent of a school age child who has moderate persistent asthma. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. "you should give your child their salmeterol inhaler every 4 hours when they are having an acute episode of wheezing." b. "you should monitor your child's weight weekly while they are receiving inhaled corticosteroids therapy." c. "pulmonary function tests will be performed every 12-24 months to evaluate how your child is responding to therapy." d. "when using the peak expiratory flow meter, record your child's average of three readings." - ansC A nurse is assessing an adolescent who received a sodium polystyrene sulfonate enema. Which of the following findings indicates effectiveness of the medication? a. reports an absence of nausea and vomiting b. reports experiencing an onset of loose stools within 15 minutes of administration c. serum potassium level 4.1 mEq/L d. blood pressure 86/52 mm Hg - ansC A nurse is assessing an infant who has pneumonia. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report the provider? a. nasal flaring b. WBC count 11,300/mm^3 c. diarrhea d. abdominal distension - ansA A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the guardian of a school age child who has undergone a tonsillectomy. Which of the following statements by the guardian indicates an understanding the teaching? a. "my child can resume usual activities since this year just an outpatient surgery." b. "my child will be able to drink the chocolate milkshake I promised to get for them tonight." c. "I will notify the doctor if I notice that my child is swallowing frequently." d. "I will have my child gargle with warm salt water to relieve their sore throat." - ansC A nurse is discussing organ donation with the parents of a school age child who has sustained brain death due to a bicycle crash. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. inform the parents that written consent is required prior to organ donation b. provide written information to the parents about organ donation c. ask the provider to explain misconceptions of organ donation to the parents. d. explore the parents feelings and wishes regarding organ donation - ansD A nurse is caring for a newly admitted school age child who has hypopituitarism. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe? a. Desmopressin b. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone c. Recombinant growth hormone d. Levothyroxine - ansC A nurse is providing discharge teaching to he parents of a 3 month old infant following a cheiloplasty. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. "clean your baby's sutures daily with a mixture of chlorhexidine and water." b. "expect your baby to swallow more than usual over the next few days." c. "inspect your baby's tongue for white patches using a tongue depressor every 8 hours." d. "apply a thin layer of antibiotic ointment on your baby's suture line daily for the next 3 days." - ansD A nurse is caring for a school age child who has peripheral edema. The nurse should identify that which of the following assessments should be performed to confirm peripheral edema? a. palpate the dorsum of the child's feet b. weigh the child daily using the same scale c. assess the child's skin turgor d. observe the child for periorbital swelling - ansA A nurse is caring for a 10 year old child following a head injury. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the child is developing diabetes incipidus? a. urine specific gravity 1.045 b. sodium 155 mEq/L c. blood glucose 45 mg/dL d. urine output 35 mL/hr - ansB A school nurse is providing an in service for faculty about improving education for students who have ADHD. Which of the following statements by a faculty member indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I will plan to increase the amount of homework I assign to students who have ADHD." b. "I will give students who have ADHD the same amount of time as other students to complete tests." c. "I will allow students who have ADHD one rest break throughout the day." d. "I will teach challenging academic subjects to students who have ADHD in the morning." - ansD A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parent of an 18 month old toddler who has dehydration due to acute diarrhea. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I will offer my child small amounts of fruit juice frequently." b. "I will avoid giving my child solid foods until the diarrhea has stopped." c. "I will monitor my child's number of wet diapers." d. "I will give my child polyethylene glycol daily for 7 days." - ansC