Study Guide D115 OA
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gaping
1. Conductive hearing loss involves the
inner ear
middle ear
5th cranial nerve
8th cranial nerve: middle ear and is usually the result of one of the following:
blockage of the ear canal, a hole in the ear drum, problems with three small bones
in the ear, or fluid in the space between the ear drum and cochlea
2. A 30-day-old infant presents to the emergency room with decreased oral
intake, decreased urine output, and a fever of 101.8. The infant is admitted for
further evaluation with a workup to include a blood culture, a urine culture, a
spinal tap, and a chest X-ray.
Which issue of innate immunity, as it relates to neonates, is of concern?
dysfunctional chemotactic factor response
excess collectin and collectin like protein
relative deficiency of factor b
high levels of mannose: relative deficiency of factor B
3. 12-year-old African American patient presents with unilateral eye swelling
and lower lip swelling. The patient's parent reports that the swelling is sponta-
neous and resolves over several days. The patient does not have complaints
of fever, hives, or vomiting. Serum lab results show hyperactivation of three
plasma protein systems. The APRN suspects hereditary angioedema.
C1 esterase inhibitor
Plasminogen
Bradykinin
Hageman factor: C1 esterase inhibitor
4. angioedema: painless swelling under the skin, triggered by an allergy to animal
dander, pollen, drugs, venom, food, or medication.
5. The parent of a child diagnosed with Down syndrome expresses concerns
about the child's recurrent respiratory tract infections to an advanced practice
registered nurse (APRN). The infections have occurred regularly since birth.
What should the APRN tell the parent is the underlying cause of this illness?
Hyperthyroidism causes an increased risk of infection.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease causes aspiration of thin fluids.
Short stature causes poor lung development.
Hypertonia causes airway restriction.: Gastroesophageal reflux disease causes
aspiration of thin fluids.
6. A 36-year-old patient is being seen by an advanced practice registered
nurse (APRN) in a primary care clinic for the first time. The patient reports
feeling depressed due to a major life change. Additional symptoms include
, Study Guide D115 OA
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gaping
weight gain, sedentary activity, and insomnia. The APRN plans on providing
the patient with several exercises to reduce the physiological effect of stress.
· It increases protein synthesis.
· It increases smooth muscle contraction.
· It decreases glucose uptake: It decreases glucose uptake
7. Turner syndrome: Single X chromosome. Short stature, wide spaced nipples,
sparse body hair, normal IQ. All females.
8. Klinefelter syndrome: Individuals w at least two X chromosomes and a Y chro-
mosome in each cell. XXY chromosome. Have male appearance, Usually sterile,
and half develop female like breasts. Testes are small, body hair sparse, voice is
somewhat high pitched, stature elevated, and moderate metal impairment may be
present.
9. Prader-Willi syndrome: Chromosome 15 long arm deletion. INHERITED FROM
THE FATHER with features that include short stature, hypotonia, small hands and
feet, obesity, mild to moderate intellectual disability, and hypogonadism
10. Angelman syndrome: Chromosome 15 long arm deletion.
INHERITED FROM MOTHER which is characterized by severe intellectual disability,
seizures, and an ataxic gait
11. A patient presents to the hospital complaining of blurred vision, muscle
weaknesses, impaired gait, and fatigue lasting more than 24 hours. The patient
has a history of smoking and vitamin D deficiency. Extensive diagnostic
testing and a comprehensive neurological assessment reveals a diagnosis of
multiple sclerosis.
Which pathological mechanism will support this diagnosis?
A loss of myelin sheaths, causing a disruption of nerve conduction
Demyelination caused by antibody and cell-mediated immunologic reaction of
the peripheral nerves
A defect in nerve impulse transmission at the neuromuscular junction
Degeneration of the neuromuscular junction and the upper and lower motor
neurons: A loss of myelin sheaths, causing a disruption of nerve conduction
Multiple Sclerosis- is a potentially disabling disease of the brain and spinal cord
(central nervous system). In MS, the immune system attacks the protective sheath
(myelin) that covers nerve fibers and causes communication problems between your
brain and the rest of your body.
12. A child presents to a clinic with a white pupillary reflex noted in the right
eye. The child is constantly crying and rubbing her eyes. An advanced practice
registered nurse (APRN) performs a complete ophthalmologic examination
and orders several diagnostic tests. Based on the findings, a diagnosis of
, Study Guide D115 OA
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gaping
retinoblastoma is confirmed.
Mutations of a gene on chromosome 13q14 lead to neoplastic proliferation of
cells
Invasion of astrocytomas of the brain structure destroys normal defenses
Deficiency of hexosaminidase causes accumulation enzymes that damage the
brain
Autosomal dominant linked to genes results in mutations on chromosome
21: Mutations of a gene on chromosome 13q14 lead to neoplastic proliferation of
cells
13. A patient is seeing an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) in an
occupational health setting. The patient has been referred by employee as-
sistance for reckless and self-destructive behaviors and a violent incident at
work regarding a fellow employee. The APRN suspects post-traumatic stress
disorder (PTSD).
Which diagnostic cluster of PTSD is the patient exhibiting?
Arousal
Reexperiencing
Negative cognitions
Avoidance: Arousal
14. A 45-year-old male patient with altered testosterone levels needs treat-
ment. An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is aware that three
factors affect hormone target cell responses when determining a treatment
approach.
Which factor should be considered by the APRN?
Change of target cell sensitivity
Affinity of receptor for the hormones
Limited number of target cell receptors
Limited concentration of organs: Affinity of receptor for the hormones
15. A patient is being admitted to an ICU after a traumatic brain injury. During
the first few hours, the patient develops polydipsia, and his urinary catheter is
draining large volumes of dilute urine. An advanced practice registered nurse
(APRN) runs some tests, and the serum lab values show hypernatremia and
hyperosmolarity.
Which diagnosis should the APRN identify for this patient?
Hyperpituitarism
Hypopituitarism
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
Diabetes insipidus: Diabetes insipidus
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gaping
1. Conductive hearing loss involves the
inner ear
middle ear
5th cranial nerve
8th cranial nerve: middle ear and is usually the result of one of the following:
blockage of the ear canal, a hole in the ear drum, problems with three small bones
in the ear, or fluid in the space between the ear drum and cochlea
2. A 30-day-old infant presents to the emergency room with decreased oral
intake, decreased urine output, and a fever of 101.8. The infant is admitted for
further evaluation with a workup to include a blood culture, a urine culture, a
spinal tap, and a chest X-ray.
Which issue of innate immunity, as it relates to neonates, is of concern?
dysfunctional chemotactic factor response
excess collectin and collectin like protein
relative deficiency of factor b
high levels of mannose: relative deficiency of factor B
3. 12-year-old African American patient presents with unilateral eye swelling
and lower lip swelling. The patient's parent reports that the swelling is sponta-
neous and resolves over several days. The patient does not have complaints
of fever, hives, or vomiting. Serum lab results show hyperactivation of three
plasma protein systems. The APRN suspects hereditary angioedema.
C1 esterase inhibitor
Plasminogen
Bradykinin
Hageman factor: C1 esterase inhibitor
4. angioedema: painless swelling under the skin, triggered by an allergy to animal
dander, pollen, drugs, venom, food, or medication.
5. The parent of a child diagnosed with Down syndrome expresses concerns
about the child's recurrent respiratory tract infections to an advanced practice
registered nurse (APRN). The infections have occurred regularly since birth.
What should the APRN tell the parent is the underlying cause of this illness?
Hyperthyroidism causes an increased risk of infection.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease causes aspiration of thin fluids.
Short stature causes poor lung development.
Hypertonia causes airway restriction.: Gastroesophageal reflux disease causes
aspiration of thin fluids.
6. A 36-year-old patient is being seen by an advanced practice registered
nurse (APRN) in a primary care clinic for the first time. The patient reports
feeling depressed due to a major life change. Additional symptoms include
, Study Guide D115 OA
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gaping
weight gain, sedentary activity, and insomnia. The APRN plans on providing
the patient with several exercises to reduce the physiological effect of stress.
· It increases protein synthesis.
· It increases smooth muscle contraction.
· It decreases glucose uptake: It decreases glucose uptake
7. Turner syndrome: Single X chromosome. Short stature, wide spaced nipples,
sparse body hair, normal IQ. All females.
8. Klinefelter syndrome: Individuals w at least two X chromosomes and a Y chro-
mosome in each cell. XXY chromosome. Have male appearance, Usually sterile,
and half develop female like breasts. Testes are small, body hair sparse, voice is
somewhat high pitched, stature elevated, and moderate metal impairment may be
present.
9. Prader-Willi syndrome: Chromosome 15 long arm deletion. INHERITED FROM
THE FATHER with features that include short stature, hypotonia, small hands and
feet, obesity, mild to moderate intellectual disability, and hypogonadism
10. Angelman syndrome: Chromosome 15 long arm deletion.
INHERITED FROM MOTHER which is characterized by severe intellectual disability,
seizures, and an ataxic gait
11. A patient presents to the hospital complaining of blurred vision, muscle
weaknesses, impaired gait, and fatigue lasting more than 24 hours. The patient
has a history of smoking and vitamin D deficiency. Extensive diagnostic
testing and a comprehensive neurological assessment reveals a diagnosis of
multiple sclerosis.
Which pathological mechanism will support this diagnosis?
A loss of myelin sheaths, causing a disruption of nerve conduction
Demyelination caused by antibody and cell-mediated immunologic reaction of
the peripheral nerves
A defect in nerve impulse transmission at the neuromuscular junction
Degeneration of the neuromuscular junction and the upper and lower motor
neurons: A loss of myelin sheaths, causing a disruption of nerve conduction
Multiple Sclerosis- is a potentially disabling disease of the brain and spinal cord
(central nervous system). In MS, the immune system attacks the protective sheath
(myelin) that covers nerve fibers and causes communication problems between your
brain and the rest of your body.
12. A child presents to a clinic with a white pupillary reflex noted in the right
eye. The child is constantly crying and rubbing her eyes. An advanced practice
registered nurse (APRN) performs a complete ophthalmologic examination
and orders several diagnostic tests. Based on the findings, a diagnosis of
, Study Guide D115 OA
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gaping
retinoblastoma is confirmed.
Mutations of a gene on chromosome 13q14 lead to neoplastic proliferation of
cells
Invasion of astrocytomas of the brain structure destroys normal defenses
Deficiency of hexosaminidase causes accumulation enzymes that damage the
brain
Autosomal dominant linked to genes results in mutations on chromosome
21: Mutations of a gene on chromosome 13q14 lead to neoplastic proliferation of
cells
13. A patient is seeing an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) in an
occupational health setting. The patient has been referred by employee as-
sistance for reckless and self-destructive behaviors and a violent incident at
work regarding a fellow employee. The APRN suspects post-traumatic stress
disorder (PTSD).
Which diagnostic cluster of PTSD is the patient exhibiting?
Arousal
Reexperiencing
Negative cognitions
Avoidance: Arousal
14. A 45-year-old male patient with altered testosterone levels needs treat-
ment. An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is aware that three
factors affect hormone target cell responses when determining a treatment
approach.
Which factor should be considered by the APRN?
Change of target cell sensitivity
Affinity of receptor for the hormones
Limited number of target cell receptors
Limited concentration of organs: Affinity of receptor for the hormones
15. A patient is being admitted to an ICU after a traumatic brain injury. During
the first few hours, the patient develops polydipsia, and his urinary catheter is
draining large volumes of dilute urine. An advanced practice registered nurse
(APRN) runs some tests, and the serum lab values show hypernatremia and
hyperosmolarity.
Which diagnosis should the APRN identify for this patient?
Hyperpituitarism
Hypopituitarism
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
Diabetes insipidus: Diabetes insipidus
