ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I
, CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION TO THE
BODY
, Definitions
Anatomy- The structure of the body
Physiology- The function of the body
“ACTOOO”
Levels of structural complexity
Smallest-> Largest
1. Atoms and molecules,
2. Cells
3. Tissue
4. Organs
5. Organ System
6. Organisms
Homeostasis: Optimal Functioning
A steady internal state essential for healthy life which is
maintained by negative feedback. (Unhealthy atoms=unhealthy
cells etc)
, ANATOMICAL POSITIONS
Directional terms:
Superior: Nearer to (or at) the top
Inferior: Nearer to (or at) the bottom
Anterior/ Ventral: Nearer to (or at) the front
Posterior/ Dorsal: Nearer to (or at) the back
Medial: Towards the medial line
Lateral: Away from the medial line
- Ipsilateral: Same side of medial line
- Contralateral: Opposite side of medial line
Proximal: Near the beginning of; close to the point of
attachment
Distal: Near the end of; away from the point of attachment
Superficial: Nearer to (or at) the surface
Deep: Further below the surface
, CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION TO THE
BODY
, Definitions
Anatomy- The structure of the body
Physiology- The function of the body
“ACTOOO”
Levels of structural complexity
Smallest-> Largest
1. Atoms and molecules,
2. Cells
3. Tissue
4. Organs
5. Organ System
6. Organisms
Homeostasis: Optimal Functioning
A steady internal state essential for healthy life which is
maintained by negative feedback. (Unhealthy atoms=unhealthy
cells etc)
, ANATOMICAL POSITIONS
Directional terms:
Superior: Nearer to (or at) the top
Inferior: Nearer to (or at) the bottom
Anterior/ Ventral: Nearer to (or at) the front
Posterior/ Dorsal: Nearer to (or at) the back
Medial: Towards the medial line
Lateral: Away from the medial line
- Ipsilateral: Same side of medial line
- Contralateral: Opposite side of medial line
Proximal: Near the beginning of; close to the point of
attachment
Distal: Near the end of; away from the point of attachment
Superficial: Nearer to (or at) the surface
Deep: Further below the surface
