EXPLORING ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY BY ERIN C. AMERMAN
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_bq4ehi
1. HYALINE CARTILAGE TISSUE
(CONNECTIVE TISSUE):
2. ALL TISSUES consist of TWO MAIN COMPONENTS:
_______________________ And _____________________, which consists of a
GELANTINOUS SUBSTANCE called ___________________________ and NU-
MEROUS DIFFERENT _________________________________?: CELLS AND
EXTRACELLUAR MATRIX (ECM)
GROUND SUBSTANCE, PROTEIN FIBERS.
3. NERVOUS TISSUE Is COMPOSED of _____________________________
And TWO TYPES Of CELLS: ____________________ And
_______________________.: EXTRACELLUAR MATRIX
NEURONS AND NEUROGLIAL CELLS
4. COLLAGEN FIBER
(EXTRACELLUAR MATRIX): Cells make many different types of COLLAGEN
FIBERS. Known as TYPE 1, TYPE 2, TYPE 3, ETC. Which are composed of
MULTIPLE ENTWINING.
5. GROUND SUBSTANCE
(EXTRACELLUAR MATRIX): A gelatinous material that contains WATER, IONS,
NUTRIENTS, and LARGE POLYSACCHARIDES. As well as PROTEOGLYCONS.
6. ELASTIC FIBER
(EXTRACELLUAR MATRIX): Composed of the protein ELASTIN. Elastic fibers
ALLOW a tissue to be STRETCHED. The tissue returns to its ORIGINAL SHAPE
and SIZE when stretching is removed.
7. RETICULAR FIBER
(EXTRACELLUAR MATRIX): Special type of COLLAGEN FIBER. Composed of
COLLAGEN PROTEINS. The THIN structure of RETICULAR FIBERS ALLOW them
to INTERWEAVE to form "NETS" That supports BLOOD VESSELS, NERVES, AND
OTHER STRUCTURES.
8. SIMPLE EPITHELIAL TISSUE: ONE LAYER of CELLS.
9. STRATIFIED EPITHELIAL TISSUE: TWO or MORE CELL LAYERS.
10. PSEUDOSTRATIFIED EPITHELIAL TISSUE: ONE LAYER of CELLS. Looks as
if it has many
(PSEUDO- FALSE) .
11. SIMPLE SQUAMOUS CELL (EPITHELIUM TISSUE): FLAT CELLS with a cen-
trally located FLATTNED NUCELUS. We often FIND them in places where sub-
1/8
, EXPLORING ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY BY ERIN C. AMERMAN
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_bq4ehi
stances have to cross the EPITHELIUM QUICKLY. Such as the AIR SACS OF THE
LUNGS.
12. SIMPLE CUBOIDAL CELL (EPITHELIAL TISSUE): Are SHORT and have a
SPHERICAL, CENTRAL NUCLEUS. FOUND in LINING GLANDS such as the
THYROID GLAND, CERTAIN RESPIRATORY PASSAGES and in the KIDNEYS.
13. SIMPLE COLUMNAR CELL (EPITHELIAL TISSUE): SPHERICAL NUCLEI
generally located NEAR the BASE of the CELL. These CELLS line certain RES-
PIRATORY PASSAGES and much of the DIGESTIVE TRACT. The PLASMA MEM-
BRANES of SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIAL CELLS often contain CILIA or are
FOLDED into MICROVILLI.
14. BASEMENT MEMBRANE (EPITHELIAL TISSUE): BASAL LAMINA and LAM-
INA RETICULARIS
15. LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE (CT)
(CONNECTIVE TISSUE): The PRIMARY ELEMENT is GROUND SUBSTANCE.
Which gives it a "LOOSE" APPERANCE on a slide. All 3 TYPES OF PROTEIN
FIBERS are scattered in LOOSE CT. LOOSE CT is FOUND as part of the BASE-
MENT MEMBRANE and in the WALLS of HOLLOW ORGANS.
16. DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
(CONNECTIVE TISSUE): Consists PRIMARILY of COLLAGEN FIBERS arranged
in PARALLEL BUNDLES with LITTLE GROUND SUBSTANCES and FEW CELLS.
It is EXCEPTIONALLY STRONG and MAKES UP STRUCTURES that REQUIRE
TENSILE STRENGHT in a SINGLE PLACE, such as TENDONS and LIGAMENTS.
17. CARTILAGE
(CONNECTIVE TISSUE): Is a TOUGH but FLEXIBLE TISSUE that is RESISTANT
to TENSION, TWISTING and COMPRESSIVE FORCES. It CONSISTS of CELLS
called CHONDROCYTES.
18. BONE
(CONNECTIVE TISSUE): BONE TISSUE also called OSSEOUS TISSUE. CON-
SISTS of BONE CELLS called OSTEOCYTES encased in an ECM that CONTAINS
COLLAGEN FIBERS and CALCIUM HYDROXYAPATITE CRYSTALS.
19. BLOOD
(CONNECTIVE TISSUE): CONSISTS of a LIQUID ECM called PLASMA. With-
in which we FIND CELLS called ERYTHROCYTES (RED BLOOD CELLS) and
LEUKOCYTES (WHITE BLOOD CELLS) and CELLULAR FRAGMENTS called
PLATELETS.
20. STRIATED
(MUSCLE TISSUE): STRIPED, LONG, and TUBULAR in APPERANCE. The STRI-
TATIONS result from the ARRANGEMENTS of PROTEINS WITHIN the MUSCLE
FIBER called MYOFILAMENTS.
2/8
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_bq4ehi
1. HYALINE CARTILAGE TISSUE
(CONNECTIVE TISSUE):
2. ALL TISSUES consist of TWO MAIN COMPONENTS:
_______________________ And _____________________, which consists of a
GELANTINOUS SUBSTANCE called ___________________________ and NU-
MEROUS DIFFERENT _________________________________?: CELLS AND
EXTRACELLUAR MATRIX (ECM)
GROUND SUBSTANCE, PROTEIN FIBERS.
3. NERVOUS TISSUE Is COMPOSED of _____________________________
And TWO TYPES Of CELLS: ____________________ And
_______________________.: EXTRACELLUAR MATRIX
NEURONS AND NEUROGLIAL CELLS
4. COLLAGEN FIBER
(EXTRACELLUAR MATRIX): Cells make many different types of COLLAGEN
FIBERS. Known as TYPE 1, TYPE 2, TYPE 3, ETC. Which are composed of
MULTIPLE ENTWINING.
5. GROUND SUBSTANCE
(EXTRACELLUAR MATRIX): A gelatinous material that contains WATER, IONS,
NUTRIENTS, and LARGE POLYSACCHARIDES. As well as PROTEOGLYCONS.
6. ELASTIC FIBER
(EXTRACELLUAR MATRIX): Composed of the protein ELASTIN. Elastic fibers
ALLOW a tissue to be STRETCHED. The tissue returns to its ORIGINAL SHAPE
and SIZE when stretching is removed.
7. RETICULAR FIBER
(EXTRACELLUAR MATRIX): Special type of COLLAGEN FIBER. Composed of
COLLAGEN PROTEINS. The THIN structure of RETICULAR FIBERS ALLOW them
to INTERWEAVE to form "NETS" That supports BLOOD VESSELS, NERVES, AND
OTHER STRUCTURES.
8. SIMPLE EPITHELIAL TISSUE: ONE LAYER of CELLS.
9. STRATIFIED EPITHELIAL TISSUE: TWO or MORE CELL LAYERS.
10. PSEUDOSTRATIFIED EPITHELIAL TISSUE: ONE LAYER of CELLS. Looks as
if it has many
(PSEUDO- FALSE) .
11. SIMPLE SQUAMOUS CELL (EPITHELIUM TISSUE): FLAT CELLS with a cen-
trally located FLATTNED NUCELUS. We often FIND them in places where sub-
1/8
, EXPLORING ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY BY ERIN C. AMERMAN
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_bq4ehi
stances have to cross the EPITHELIUM QUICKLY. Such as the AIR SACS OF THE
LUNGS.
12. SIMPLE CUBOIDAL CELL (EPITHELIAL TISSUE): Are SHORT and have a
SPHERICAL, CENTRAL NUCLEUS. FOUND in LINING GLANDS such as the
THYROID GLAND, CERTAIN RESPIRATORY PASSAGES and in the KIDNEYS.
13. SIMPLE COLUMNAR CELL (EPITHELIAL TISSUE): SPHERICAL NUCLEI
generally located NEAR the BASE of the CELL. These CELLS line certain RES-
PIRATORY PASSAGES and much of the DIGESTIVE TRACT. The PLASMA MEM-
BRANES of SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIAL CELLS often contain CILIA or are
FOLDED into MICROVILLI.
14. BASEMENT MEMBRANE (EPITHELIAL TISSUE): BASAL LAMINA and LAM-
INA RETICULARIS
15. LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE (CT)
(CONNECTIVE TISSUE): The PRIMARY ELEMENT is GROUND SUBSTANCE.
Which gives it a "LOOSE" APPERANCE on a slide. All 3 TYPES OF PROTEIN
FIBERS are scattered in LOOSE CT. LOOSE CT is FOUND as part of the BASE-
MENT MEMBRANE and in the WALLS of HOLLOW ORGANS.
16. DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
(CONNECTIVE TISSUE): Consists PRIMARILY of COLLAGEN FIBERS arranged
in PARALLEL BUNDLES with LITTLE GROUND SUBSTANCES and FEW CELLS.
It is EXCEPTIONALLY STRONG and MAKES UP STRUCTURES that REQUIRE
TENSILE STRENGHT in a SINGLE PLACE, such as TENDONS and LIGAMENTS.
17. CARTILAGE
(CONNECTIVE TISSUE): Is a TOUGH but FLEXIBLE TISSUE that is RESISTANT
to TENSION, TWISTING and COMPRESSIVE FORCES. It CONSISTS of CELLS
called CHONDROCYTES.
18. BONE
(CONNECTIVE TISSUE): BONE TISSUE also called OSSEOUS TISSUE. CON-
SISTS of BONE CELLS called OSTEOCYTES encased in an ECM that CONTAINS
COLLAGEN FIBERS and CALCIUM HYDROXYAPATITE CRYSTALS.
19. BLOOD
(CONNECTIVE TISSUE): CONSISTS of a LIQUID ECM called PLASMA. With-
in which we FIND CELLS called ERYTHROCYTES (RED BLOOD CELLS) and
LEUKOCYTES (WHITE BLOOD CELLS) and CELLULAR FRAGMENTS called
PLATELETS.
20. STRIATED
(MUSCLE TISSUE): STRIPED, LONG, and TUBULAR in APPERANCE. The STRI-
TATIONS result from the ARRANGEMENTS of PROTEINS WITHIN the MUSCLE
FIBER called MYOFILAMENTS.
2/8
