WGU ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1
EXAM Questions with 100% correct
Answers Latest Versions 2025
GRADED A+
Cardiac Muscle Cells - Involuntary, found only in the Heart, branching
chains of cells connected by porous intercalated discs, with single nucleus
and striations. Striated: many myofibrils in orderly arrangement. Self
stimulating: impulse spreads from cell to cell. Under control of nervous and
endocrine systems and various chemicals. Intermediate energy
requirement Intermediate speed of contraction yet contraction spreads
quickly through
tissue due to intercalated discs. Rhythmic contractions
Strength increases with stretching. Doesn't fatigue
Carpal - Wrist
Cartilage - Firm, flexible and smooth connective tissue found at the end of
bones. This tissue protects bones and evenly distributed forces to the
underlying bone.
Caudal - Toward the tail -same as inferior for a human
Cell - Fundamental unit of life, smallest and simplest entity that possesses
all characteristics of life, 2 main types are prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Cell mediated immunity - an immune response that does not involve
antibodies, but rather involves the activation of phagocytes, antigen-
specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in
response to an antigen.
Cellular respiration - Uses oxygen to release energy from nutrients like
,glucose
Central nervous system or CNS - Processes incoming information and
initiates a response and is comprised of the brain and spinal cord
Cephalic - Head
Cephalic - Toward the head -same as superior for a human
Cerebellum - considered part of the hindbrain, highly folded structure in the
back of the brain, behind the pons, concerned with muscular coordination,
special perception, and tactile perception, and some planning and
scheduling tasks.
,Cerebral Cortex - Involved with most conscious activities for living.
Cerebral Lobes - 1. Frontal lobe - motor control of voluntary movements,
control of emotional expressions and moral behavior.
2. Parietal lobe - general senses, taste. 3. Temporal lobe - hearing,
equilibrium, emotion, memory. 4. Occipital lobe -for vision and associated
forms of expression.
5. Limbic lobe -emotions, behavioral expressions, recent memory, smell.
Cerebrospinal fluid - provides additional cushion to the brain and CNS as
well as maintaining the extracellular chemical environment.
Cerebrospinal fluid CSF - is a clear, colorless liquid produced by
ependymal cells lining the ventricles, located primarily between the
arachnoid mater and the pia mater, also transports nutrients and wastes in
the central nervous system
Cerebrum - Controls voluntary movements, coordinates mental activity.
Center for all conscious living.
Cervical - Neck
Cervical Plexus - Plexus of the ventral rami of the 1st 4 cervical spinal
nerves located from C1 to C4 cervical segment in the neck. There is
anastomosis with accessory nerve, hypoglossal nerve and sympathetic
trunk.
Cervix - Narrow inferior region of uterus that separates uterus from vagina.
Allows for flow of menstrual blood and dilates for childbirth
, Clitoris - Collectively known as the vulva of female
Closed Circulatory System - The blood of a closed system always flows
inside vessels.
CNS neuroglia - Examples are astrocytes; oligodendrocytes; microglia, and
ependymal cells.
Cochlea - Location: Temporal bone petrous part. Description:
Coiled membranous tube that resembles a snail's shell, surrounded by
bone, contains three fluid-filled chambers.Comment: Organ of hearing
Contains spiral organ (of Corti) in cochlear duct
Collagen - Collagen is the main structural protein found in bones, muscles,
skin and tendons. It is the main component of connective tissue.
Collecting duct - Function is collection, Accumulates any material that is not
returned to blood in the preceding segments. Secretes or reabsorbs H+,
HCO3+, and K+ ions. Reabsorbs water under the influence of anti-diuretic
hormone. Anything left in the distal end of the collecting duct will be
excreted as urine.
Contralateral relationship - Some of the tracts cross over or decussate
either in the spinal cord or brainstem, and when this occurs, the
relationship between the origin and destination
Control and regulation - Nervous and endocrine systems are main systems
that provide communication and control among the body's organs and
tissues.
EXAM Questions with 100% correct
Answers Latest Versions 2025
GRADED A+
Cardiac Muscle Cells - Involuntary, found only in the Heart, branching
chains of cells connected by porous intercalated discs, with single nucleus
and striations. Striated: many myofibrils in orderly arrangement. Self
stimulating: impulse spreads from cell to cell. Under control of nervous and
endocrine systems and various chemicals. Intermediate energy
requirement Intermediate speed of contraction yet contraction spreads
quickly through
tissue due to intercalated discs. Rhythmic contractions
Strength increases with stretching. Doesn't fatigue
Carpal - Wrist
Cartilage - Firm, flexible and smooth connective tissue found at the end of
bones. This tissue protects bones and evenly distributed forces to the
underlying bone.
Caudal - Toward the tail -same as inferior for a human
Cell - Fundamental unit of life, smallest and simplest entity that possesses
all characteristics of life, 2 main types are prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Cell mediated immunity - an immune response that does not involve
antibodies, but rather involves the activation of phagocytes, antigen-
specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in
response to an antigen.
Cellular respiration - Uses oxygen to release energy from nutrients like
,glucose
Central nervous system or CNS - Processes incoming information and
initiates a response and is comprised of the brain and spinal cord
Cephalic - Head
Cephalic - Toward the head -same as superior for a human
Cerebellum - considered part of the hindbrain, highly folded structure in the
back of the brain, behind the pons, concerned with muscular coordination,
special perception, and tactile perception, and some planning and
scheduling tasks.
,Cerebral Cortex - Involved with most conscious activities for living.
Cerebral Lobes - 1. Frontal lobe - motor control of voluntary movements,
control of emotional expressions and moral behavior.
2. Parietal lobe - general senses, taste. 3. Temporal lobe - hearing,
equilibrium, emotion, memory. 4. Occipital lobe -for vision and associated
forms of expression.
5. Limbic lobe -emotions, behavioral expressions, recent memory, smell.
Cerebrospinal fluid - provides additional cushion to the brain and CNS as
well as maintaining the extracellular chemical environment.
Cerebrospinal fluid CSF - is a clear, colorless liquid produced by
ependymal cells lining the ventricles, located primarily between the
arachnoid mater and the pia mater, also transports nutrients and wastes in
the central nervous system
Cerebrum - Controls voluntary movements, coordinates mental activity.
Center for all conscious living.
Cervical - Neck
Cervical Plexus - Plexus of the ventral rami of the 1st 4 cervical spinal
nerves located from C1 to C4 cervical segment in the neck. There is
anastomosis with accessory nerve, hypoglossal nerve and sympathetic
trunk.
Cervix - Narrow inferior region of uterus that separates uterus from vagina.
Allows for flow of menstrual blood and dilates for childbirth
, Clitoris - Collectively known as the vulva of female
Closed Circulatory System - The blood of a closed system always flows
inside vessels.
CNS neuroglia - Examples are astrocytes; oligodendrocytes; microglia, and
ependymal cells.
Cochlea - Location: Temporal bone petrous part. Description:
Coiled membranous tube that resembles a snail's shell, surrounded by
bone, contains three fluid-filled chambers.Comment: Organ of hearing
Contains spiral organ (of Corti) in cochlear duct
Collagen - Collagen is the main structural protein found in bones, muscles,
skin and tendons. It is the main component of connective tissue.
Collecting duct - Function is collection, Accumulates any material that is not
returned to blood in the preceding segments. Secretes or reabsorbs H+,
HCO3+, and K+ ions. Reabsorbs water under the influence of anti-diuretic
hormone. Anything left in the distal end of the collecting duct will be
excreted as urine.
Contralateral relationship - Some of the tracts cross over or decussate
either in the spinal cord or brainstem, and when this occurs, the
relationship between the origin and destination
Control and regulation - Nervous and endocrine systems are main systems
that provide communication and control among the body's organs and
tissues.
