ILTS 305 Prep Exam 2025/2026 – The Most
Comprehensive Guide for Exam Excellence! (Graded A+)
Political Map - shows state/national boundaries and locations of cities (does not include topographic
features)
Physical Map - shows rivers, mountains, forests, lakes, etc. with different features shown in different
colors (water-blue, low elevation - dark green, high elevation - light green/orange, mountains -
brown)
Topographic Map - uses contour lines to show different land features instead of colors
Climatic Map - shows info about what areas receive more rain/snow or dry weather, etc.; uses colors
to depict differing areas
Economic/Resource Map - shows different resources/economic activity prevalent in certain areas
(crops, minerals, etc.); uses symbols and letters to show resources/activity
Road Map - shows roads/highways/railways; detailed and used for directions (more detailed the
more specific you look, ie: country vs. city)
Total Solar Eclipse - Sun, moon, and earth are in a direct line (SME)
Total Lunar Eclipse - Moon and sun on direct opposite sides of earth (MSE)
Partial Lunar Eclipse - Part of the moon enters Earth's shadow
Partial Solar Eclipse - Sun, moon, and Earth not exactly aligned
Annular Solar Eclipse - When Moon is farthest from Earth (moon's shadow appears in front of Sun to
make a ring around the moon)
Simple Circuit Flow Model - positively charged electrons -> light bulb -> negatively charged electrons
along a conductor
, Closed Syllables - Short vowel closed off by one or more consonant (ie: but-ter, back, stuff)
Vowel Consonant e (VCe) Syllables - long vowel, single, letter, e (ie: wake, rude, whale)
Open Syllables - ends with one long vowel without a consonant following it (ie: to-tal, me, bi-ble)
Vowel Team Syllables - includes long, short, or dipthong sounding vowel pair (ie: boil, straw, they,
though)
Vowel-r syllables - sequence of letters ending in a vowel and r and might be followed by more
consonants (ie: per-form, worth, mir-ror)
Consonant le (C-le) syllables - found at ends of words; combined with open syllable (ie: ca-ble, ti-tle)
or closed if doubled consonant (ie: lit-tle, puz-zle)
Simple vs. Complex Syllables - complex contains consonant clusters, simple does not
Plant Cell Wall - Protects and provides structural support for cell, filters molecules passing in and out
of cell during osmosis
Osmosis - passing of material (especially water) through a membrane that won't allow all kinds of
molecules to pass
Cell Membrane - semi-permeable, inside cell wall, allows osmosis to occur (toxins out,
nutrients/minerals in)
Plastids - membrane bound organelles with own dna; store starch and carry out photosynthesis
(leucoplasts, chloroplasts, chromoplasts)
Leucoplasts - store protein, lipids, and starch in non-photosynthetic plant tissues
Chloroplasts - contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis, helps plant absorb light energy from the sun
and transform it into carbon dioxide and water into glucose
Comprehensive Guide for Exam Excellence! (Graded A+)
Political Map - shows state/national boundaries and locations of cities (does not include topographic
features)
Physical Map - shows rivers, mountains, forests, lakes, etc. with different features shown in different
colors (water-blue, low elevation - dark green, high elevation - light green/orange, mountains -
brown)
Topographic Map - uses contour lines to show different land features instead of colors
Climatic Map - shows info about what areas receive more rain/snow or dry weather, etc.; uses colors
to depict differing areas
Economic/Resource Map - shows different resources/economic activity prevalent in certain areas
(crops, minerals, etc.); uses symbols and letters to show resources/activity
Road Map - shows roads/highways/railways; detailed and used for directions (more detailed the
more specific you look, ie: country vs. city)
Total Solar Eclipse - Sun, moon, and earth are in a direct line (SME)
Total Lunar Eclipse - Moon and sun on direct opposite sides of earth (MSE)
Partial Lunar Eclipse - Part of the moon enters Earth's shadow
Partial Solar Eclipse - Sun, moon, and Earth not exactly aligned
Annular Solar Eclipse - When Moon is farthest from Earth (moon's shadow appears in front of Sun to
make a ring around the moon)
Simple Circuit Flow Model - positively charged electrons -> light bulb -> negatively charged electrons
along a conductor
, Closed Syllables - Short vowel closed off by one or more consonant (ie: but-ter, back, stuff)
Vowel Consonant e (VCe) Syllables - long vowel, single, letter, e (ie: wake, rude, whale)
Open Syllables - ends with one long vowel without a consonant following it (ie: to-tal, me, bi-ble)
Vowel Team Syllables - includes long, short, or dipthong sounding vowel pair (ie: boil, straw, they,
though)
Vowel-r syllables - sequence of letters ending in a vowel and r and might be followed by more
consonants (ie: per-form, worth, mir-ror)
Consonant le (C-le) syllables - found at ends of words; combined with open syllable (ie: ca-ble, ti-tle)
or closed if doubled consonant (ie: lit-tle, puz-zle)
Simple vs. Complex Syllables - complex contains consonant clusters, simple does not
Plant Cell Wall - Protects and provides structural support for cell, filters molecules passing in and out
of cell during osmosis
Osmosis - passing of material (especially water) through a membrane that won't allow all kinds of
molecules to pass
Cell Membrane - semi-permeable, inside cell wall, allows osmosis to occur (toxins out,
nutrients/minerals in)
Plastids - membrane bound organelles with own dna; store starch and carry out photosynthesis
(leucoplasts, chloroplasts, chromoplasts)
Leucoplasts - store protein, lipids, and starch in non-photosynthetic plant tissues
Chloroplasts - contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis, helps plant absorb light energy from the sun
and transform it into carbon dioxide and water into glucose
