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u u u u u u u u u u u u
tion Frazier u
Chapter 02: Developmental, Congenital, and Childhood Diseases and Disorders
u u u u u u u u
Frazier and Fuqua: Essentials of Human Diseases and Conditions, 7th Edition
u u u u u u u u u u
MULTIPLEuCHOICE
1. Whichucharacteristicuisutrueuofucongenitaludiseases?
a. Alwaysufatal
b. Geneticuetiology
c. Nongenetic
d. Canubeueitheruphysicaluorumental.
ANS:u D
Congenitaluanomaliesucanubeumentaluoruphysicaluanducanuvaryuwidelyuinuseverity,ufromutrivialuto
ufatal.
REF:u u p.u32 OBJ:u u 1
2. Whichuactionucanubeuuseduasuanuattemptutouhaltuprematureulaboruanduensureuaufetusuisumoreur
eadyutouliveuoutsideutheuuterusuifudelivereduearly?
a. Havingutheumotheruonucompleteubedurest
b. Usingudrugutherapyutouslowuoruhaltucontractions
c. Givingutheumotheruaushortucourseuofusteroidsutouaidufetalulungumaturation
d. Alluofutheuansweruoptions
ANS:u D
Attemptsumayubeumadeutouhaltuprematureulaborubyuhavingutheumotheruonucompleteubedurestuoruus
ingudrugutherapyutouslowuoruhaltucontractions.uTheumotheruisuoftenugivenuaushortucourseuofusteroi
dsutouaidufetalulungumaturation.uManyutimesutheueffortsutouallowutheufetusumoreutimeutougrowuand
umatureuinutheumother’suuterusuareuunsuccessful.
REF:u u p.u37 OBJ:u u 5
3. Theucollapseuofuauseeminglyuhealthyuyounguathleteuduringuaustrenuoususportingueventuoruotherup
erioduofustressfuluexerciseuisuoftenucausedubyuwhichucondition?
a. Patentuductusuarteriosisu(PDA)
b. Hypertrophicucardiomyopathy
c. Respiratoryudistressusyndrome
d. Atrialuseptaludefectu(ASD)
ANS:u B
Tragicallyutheufirstusignuofuhypertrophicucardiomyopathyuisuoftenutheucollapseuofuauseeminglyuhe
althyuyounguathleteuduringuaustrenuoususportingueventuoruotheruperioduofustressfuluexercise.uThisu
collapseucanubeufollowedubyucardiacuarrestucausedubyuaucardiacuarrhythmia.uManyuhaveunousympt
omsuuntilutheucollapse.uItuisupossibleuthatusomeuindividualsuexperienceunousymptoms.
Signsumayubeudiscovereduduringuauphysicaluexamination.uSymptoms,uoftenuignoredubyuyoungup
eople,umayuincludeuchestupain,usyncope,uhypertension,upalpitations,uorushortnessuofubreath.uSo
meureportuexperiencingufatigue,ushortnessuofubreathuwhenulyingudown,uorureducedutoleranceuofua
ctivity.
REF:u u p.u45 OBJ:u u 6
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u u u u u u u u u u u u
tion Frazier u
4. Downusyndrome,uaugeneticusyndrome,uisutheuresultuofutheuchilduhavingu
pairsuof
uchromosomes.
a. 45
b. 46
c. 47
d. 48
ANS:u C
Downusyndromeu(formerlyucalledumongolism)uisuaugeneticusyndromeuinuwhichutheuindividualuh
asu47uchromosomesuinsteaduofutheuusualu46,uresultinguinuaucongenitaluformuofumildutousevereuint
ellectualudevelopmentaludisorderuthatuisuaccompaniedubyucharacteristicufacialufeaturesuandudist
inctiveuphysicaluabnormalities.
REF:u u pp.u45-46 OBJ:u u 6
5. Whichuconditionuisutheumostucommonucrippleruofuchildren?
a. Spinaubifida
b. Muscularudystrophyu(MD)
c. Downusyndrome
d. Cerebralupalsyu(CP)
ANS:u D
Cerebralupalsyuisutheumostucommonucrippleruofuchildren,uisuauconditionuconsistinguofuaugroupuofud
isordersupossiblyuinvolvingutheubrainuandunervoususystemufunctionsuthatudealuwithumovement,ule
arning,uhearing,usight,uanduthinking.uThisudisorderumayubeucongenitaluoruacquireduandubilateraluo
ruunilateraluinutheuformuofuaunonprogressiveuparalysisuthaturesultsufromudamageutoutheucentraluner
voususystemu(CNS).
REF:u u p.u47 OBJ:u u 8
6. Allufemalesuofuchild-
bearinguageucapableuofubecomingupregnantuareuencouragedutoutakeuwhichusupplement?
a. Calcium
b. VitaminuD
c. Folicuacid
d. Iron
ANS:u C
Increaseduintakeuofufolicuaciduisuencourageduinufemalesuplanningutoubecomeupregnantuandudu
ringuearlyustagesuofupregnancy.uBecauseumanyupregnanciesuareuunplanned,uallufemalesuofuchi
ld-
bearinguageucapableuofubecomingupregnantuareuencouragedutoutakeutheurecommendeduamoun
tuofufolicuacidueachuday.
REF:u u p.u49 OBJ:u u 8
7. WhichustatementuisutrueuofuDuchenneuMD?
a. Usuallyutheuresultuofutrauma
b. Progressiveuanducausesucripplinguanduimmobility
c. Affectsumalesuandufemalesuequally
d. Isunotuaugeneticucondition
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u u u u u u u u u u u u
tion Frazier u
ANS:u B
MDuisuauprogressiveudegenerationuanduweakeninguofutheuskeletalumusclesuinuwhichumuscleufiber
suareuabnormallyuvulnerableutouinjury.uThereuareuseveralutypesuofutheudisease,ubutualluareurare.uTh
eumostucommonuandubest-
knownutypeuisuDuchenneuMD,uwhichuisudiagnosedusoonuafterubirthuoruduringuearlyuchildhood,uus
uallyubeforeutheuageuofu5uyears.uMDuinitiallyuaffectsutheumusclesuofutheushoulders,uhips,uthighs,ua
nducalvesuofutheulegs,ucausingutheucharacteristicuwaddlingugaituandutoeuwalking.uAffectedumuscle
susometimesulookulargeruthanunormalubecauseufatureplacesuatrophiedumuscle.uTheuchildualsoumayu
haveulordosisuoruotheruspinaludeformities.uInuaddition,utheuchilduhasudifficultyuclimbingustairsuand
urunning,utendsutoufallueasily,uanduhasudifficultyugettinguup.uAsutheudiseaseuprogresses,uituinvolves
uallutheumuscles,ucausingucripplinguanduimmobilityu(seeuFig.u2.13).uContracturesutypicallyudevel
op,uandutheuchildubecomesuincreasinglyususceptibleutouseriousupulmonaryuinfectionsusuchuasupne
umonia.uAlso,uchildrenuwithuDuchenneuMDuoftenuareuimpairedumentally.
REF:u u p.u48 OBJ:u u 8
8. Whichuconditionuisualsoureferredutouasuhyalineumembraneudisease?
a. Bronchomalacia
b. Infanturespiratoryudistressusyndromeu(IRDS)
c. Retinopathyuofuprematurityu(ROP)
d. Necrotizinguenterocolitisu(NEC)
ANS:u B
IRDS,uoruhyalineumembraneudisease,uisusimilarutouadulturespiratoryudistressusyndromeuinuthatuth
eupatientusuffersuacuteuhypoxemiaucausedubyuinfiltratesuwithinutheualveoli.
REF:u u p.u39 OBJ:u u 4
9. Theusymptomsuandusignsuofuanemiauinclude
a. pallor,uweakness,ufatigability,uandulistlessness.
b. anuabnormalureductionuofuredublooducellsu(RBCs).
c. tachycardia,ujaundice,uandumentalusluggishness.
d. Alluofutheuansweruoptions
ANS:u D
AnemiauisuanuabnormalureductionuinutheuconcentrationuofuRBCsuoruinutheuhemoglobinucontentuof
ucirculatingublood.uPallor,uweakness,ufatigability,uandulistlessnessuareunoteduinitiallyuinutheuane
micuchilduoruinfant.uPalpitations,utachycardia,ucardiacuenlargement,ujaundice,uandumentalusluggi
shnessuareusymptomsuofusevereuanemia.
REF:u u p.u90 OBJ:u u 25
10. Childhooduimmunizationsuareuimportantubecause
a. theyuareuneededutouobtainuaupassport.
b. theyuhelpupreventucolds.
c. theyupreventuepidemicsuofuseriousucontagiousudiseases.
d. Alluofutheuansweruoptions
ANS:u C
mynursytest.store
u u u u u u u u u u u u
tion Frazier u
Chapter 02: Developmental, Congenital, and Childhood Diseases and Disorders
u u u u u u u u
Frazier and Fuqua: Essentials of Human Diseases and Conditions, 7th Edition
u u u u u u u u u u
MULTIPLEuCHOICE
1. Whichucharacteristicuisutrueuofucongenitaludiseases?
a. Alwaysufatal
b. Geneticuetiology
c. Nongenetic
d. Canubeueitheruphysicaluorumental.
ANS:u D
Congenitaluanomaliesucanubeumentaluoruphysicaluanducanuvaryuwidelyuinuseverity,ufromutrivialuto
ufatal.
REF:u u p.u32 OBJ:u u 1
2. Whichuactionucanubeuuseduasuanuattemptutouhaltuprematureulaboruanduensureuaufetusuisumoreur
eadyutouliveuoutsideutheuuterusuifudelivereduearly?
a. Havingutheumotheruonucompleteubedurest
b. Usingudrugutherapyutouslowuoruhaltucontractions
c. Givingutheumotheruaushortucourseuofusteroidsutouaidufetalulungumaturation
d. Alluofutheuansweruoptions
ANS:u D
Attemptsumayubeumadeutouhaltuprematureulaborubyuhavingutheumotheruonucompleteubedurestuoruus
ingudrugutherapyutouslowuoruhaltucontractions.uTheumotheruisuoftenugivenuaushortucourseuofusteroi
dsutouaidufetalulungumaturation.uManyutimesutheueffortsutouallowutheufetusumoreutimeutougrowuand
umatureuinutheumother’suuterusuareuunsuccessful.
REF:u u p.u37 OBJ:u u 5
3. Theucollapseuofuauseeminglyuhealthyuyounguathleteuduringuaustrenuoususportingueventuoruotherup
erioduofustressfuluexerciseuisuoftenucausedubyuwhichucondition?
a. Patentuductusuarteriosisu(PDA)
b. Hypertrophicucardiomyopathy
c. Respiratoryudistressusyndrome
d. Atrialuseptaludefectu(ASD)
ANS:u B
Tragicallyutheufirstusignuofuhypertrophicucardiomyopathyuisuoftenutheucollapseuofuauseeminglyuhe
althyuyounguathleteuduringuaustrenuoususportingueventuoruotheruperioduofustressfuluexercise.uThisu
collapseucanubeufollowedubyucardiacuarrestucausedubyuaucardiacuarrhythmia.uManyuhaveunousympt
omsuuntilutheucollapse.uItuisupossibleuthatusomeuindividualsuexperienceunousymptoms.
Signsumayubeudiscovereduduringuauphysicaluexamination.uSymptoms,uoftenuignoredubyuyoungup
eople,umayuincludeuchestupain,usyncope,uhypertension,upalpitations,uorushortnessuofubreath.uSo
meureportuexperiencingufatigue,ushortnessuofubreathuwhenulyingudown,uorureducedutoleranceuofua
ctivity.
REF:u u p.u45 OBJ:u u 6
mynursytest.store
,DOWNLOAD THE Test Bank for Essentials of Human Diseases and Conditions 7th Edi
u u u u u u u u u u u u
tion Frazier u
4. Downusyndrome,uaugeneticusyndrome,uisutheuresultuofutheuchilduhavingu
pairsuof
uchromosomes.
a. 45
b. 46
c. 47
d. 48
ANS:u C
Downusyndromeu(formerlyucalledumongolism)uisuaugeneticusyndromeuinuwhichutheuindividualuh
asu47uchromosomesuinsteaduofutheuusualu46,uresultinguinuaucongenitaluformuofumildutousevereuint
ellectualudevelopmentaludisorderuthatuisuaccompaniedubyucharacteristicufacialufeaturesuandudist
inctiveuphysicaluabnormalities.
REF:u u pp.u45-46 OBJ:u u 6
5. Whichuconditionuisutheumostucommonucrippleruofuchildren?
a. Spinaubifida
b. Muscularudystrophyu(MD)
c. Downusyndrome
d. Cerebralupalsyu(CP)
ANS:u D
Cerebralupalsyuisutheumostucommonucrippleruofuchildren,uisuauconditionuconsistinguofuaugroupuofud
isordersupossiblyuinvolvingutheubrainuandunervoususystemufunctionsuthatudealuwithumovement,ule
arning,uhearing,usight,uanduthinking.uThisudisorderumayubeucongenitaluoruacquireduandubilateraluo
ruunilateraluinutheuformuofuaunonprogressiveuparalysisuthaturesultsufromudamageutoutheucentraluner
voususystemu(CNS).
REF:u u p.u47 OBJ:u u 8
6. Allufemalesuofuchild-
bearinguageucapableuofubecomingupregnantuareuencouragedutoutakeuwhichusupplement?
a. Calcium
b. VitaminuD
c. Folicuacid
d. Iron
ANS:u C
Increaseduintakeuofufolicuaciduisuencourageduinufemalesuplanningutoubecomeupregnantuandudu
ringuearlyustagesuofupregnancy.uBecauseumanyupregnanciesuareuunplanned,uallufemalesuofuchi
ld-
bearinguageucapableuofubecomingupregnantuareuencouragedutoutakeutheurecommendeduamoun
tuofufolicuacidueachuday.
REF:u u p.u49 OBJ:u u 8
7. WhichustatementuisutrueuofuDuchenneuMD?
a. Usuallyutheuresultuofutrauma
b. Progressiveuanducausesucripplinguanduimmobility
c. Affectsumalesuandufemalesuequally
d. Isunotuaugeneticucondition
mynursytest.store
, DOWNLOAD THE Test Bank for Essentials of Human Diseases and Conditions 7th Edi
u u u u u u u u u u u u
tion Frazier u
ANS:u B
MDuisuauprogressiveudegenerationuanduweakeninguofutheuskeletalumusclesuinuwhichumuscleufiber
suareuabnormallyuvulnerableutouinjury.uThereuareuseveralutypesuofutheudisease,ubutualluareurare.uTh
eumostucommonuandubest-
knownutypeuisuDuchenneuMD,uwhichuisudiagnosedusoonuafterubirthuoruduringuearlyuchildhood,uus
uallyubeforeutheuageuofu5uyears.uMDuinitiallyuaffectsutheumusclesuofutheushoulders,uhips,uthighs,ua
nducalvesuofutheulegs,ucausingutheucharacteristicuwaddlingugaituandutoeuwalking.uAffectedumuscle
susometimesulookulargeruthanunormalubecauseufatureplacesuatrophiedumuscle.uTheuchildualsoumayu
haveulordosisuoruotheruspinaludeformities.uInuaddition,utheuchilduhasudifficultyuclimbingustairsuand
urunning,utendsutoufallueasily,uanduhasudifficultyugettinguup.uAsutheudiseaseuprogresses,uituinvolves
uallutheumuscles,ucausingucripplinguanduimmobilityu(seeuFig.u2.13).uContracturesutypicallyudevel
op,uandutheuchildubecomesuincreasinglyususceptibleutouseriousupulmonaryuinfectionsusuchuasupne
umonia.uAlso,uchildrenuwithuDuchenneuMDuoftenuareuimpairedumentally.
REF:u u p.u48 OBJ:u u 8
8. Whichuconditionuisualsoureferredutouasuhyalineumembraneudisease?
a. Bronchomalacia
b. Infanturespiratoryudistressusyndromeu(IRDS)
c. Retinopathyuofuprematurityu(ROP)
d. Necrotizinguenterocolitisu(NEC)
ANS:u B
IRDS,uoruhyalineumembraneudisease,uisusimilarutouadulturespiratoryudistressusyndromeuinuthatuth
eupatientusuffersuacuteuhypoxemiaucausedubyuinfiltratesuwithinutheualveoli.
REF:u u p.u39 OBJ:u u 4
9. Theusymptomsuandusignsuofuanemiauinclude
a. pallor,uweakness,ufatigability,uandulistlessness.
b. anuabnormalureductionuofuredublooducellsu(RBCs).
c. tachycardia,ujaundice,uandumentalusluggishness.
d. Alluofutheuansweruoptions
ANS:u D
AnemiauisuanuabnormalureductionuinutheuconcentrationuofuRBCsuoruinutheuhemoglobinucontentuof
ucirculatingublood.uPallor,uweakness,ufatigability,uandulistlessnessuareunoteduinitiallyuinutheuane
micuchilduoruinfant.uPalpitations,utachycardia,ucardiacuenlargement,ujaundice,uandumentalusluggi
shnessuareusymptomsuofusevereuanemia.
REF:u u p.u90 OBJ:u u 25
10. Childhooduimmunizationsuareuimportantubecause
a. theyuareuneededutouobtainuaupassport.
b. theyuhelpupreventucolds.
c. theyupreventuepidemicsuofuseriousucontagiousudiseases.
d. Alluofutheuansweruoptions
ANS:u C
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