C HAPTER 42: D RUGS U SED TO T REAT
G LAUCOMA AND O THER E YE D ISORDERS
Willihnganz: Clayton’s Basic Pharmacology for Nurses, 19th Ed ition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which action applies to timolol maleate (Timoptic), a beta -adrenergic
blocking agent?
a. Draws aqueous humour from the eye into the circulatory network.
b. Increases the production of aqueous humour.
c. Increases the outflow of aqueous humour.
d. Decreases the production of aqueous humour.
ANS: D
Timolol maleate is a beta -adrenergic blocking agent used to reduce increased
intraocular pressure. the exact mechanism of action of these medications is
unknown, but they are believed to reduce the production of aqueous humour.
Timolol is believed to decrease the production of aqueous humour.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 690 OBJ: 3
NAT: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation CON: Clinical Judgment
2. Which mechanism of action applies to osmotic agents when used to
decrease IOP?
a. Promoting outflow of the aqueous humour into the tear ducts
, b. Increasing plasma osmolarit y and drawing extracellular fluid into the
blood
c. Blocking production of aqueous humour
d. Decreasing viscosit y of the tears and allowing fluid to drain away
from the eye
ANS: B
Osmotic agents elevate the osmotic pressure of the plasma, causing fluid
from the extravascular spaces to be drawn into the blood. the effect on the
eye is reduction of volume of intraocular fluid, which produces a decrease in
IOP. Osmotic agents do not promote flow of aqueous humour into tear ducts,
block production of aqueous humour, or decrease viscosit y of tears.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 685 OBJ: 3
NAT: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrit y
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
CON: Clinical Judgment
3. Which potential serious adverse effect is associated with mannitol
(Osmitrol)?
a. Bradycardia
b. Fluid overload
c. Anaphylaxis
d. Fever
ANS: B
Mannitol, an osmotic agent, acts on blood volume by pul ling fluid from the
tissue spaces into the general circulation (blood). Patients should be assessed
at regularl y scheduled intervals for signs and symptoms of fluid overload,
pulmonary edema, or heart failure. Osmotic agents are not likely to cause
bradycardia, anaphylaxis, or fever.
G LAUCOMA AND O THER E YE D ISORDERS
Willihnganz: Clayton’s Basic Pharmacology for Nurses, 19th Ed ition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which action applies to timolol maleate (Timoptic), a beta -adrenergic
blocking agent?
a. Draws aqueous humour from the eye into the circulatory network.
b. Increases the production of aqueous humour.
c. Increases the outflow of aqueous humour.
d. Decreases the production of aqueous humour.
ANS: D
Timolol maleate is a beta -adrenergic blocking agent used to reduce increased
intraocular pressure. the exact mechanism of action of these medications is
unknown, but they are believed to reduce the production of aqueous humour.
Timolol is believed to decrease the production of aqueous humour.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 690 OBJ: 3
NAT: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and
Maintenance
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation CON: Clinical Judgment
2. Which mechanism of action applies to osmotic agents when used to
decrease IOP?
a. Promoting outflow of the aqueous humour into the tear ducts
, b. Increasing plasma osmolarit y and drawing extracellular fluid into the
blood
c. Blocking production of aqueous humour
d. Decreasing viscosit y of the tears and allowing fluid to drain away
from the eye
ANS: B
Osmotic agents elevate the osmotic pressure of the plasma, causing fluid
from the extravascular spaces to be drawn into the blood. the effect on the
eye is reduction of volume of intraocular fluid, which produces a decrease in
IOP. Osmotic agents do not promote flow of aqueous humour into tear ducts,
block production of aqueous humour, or decrease viscosit y of tears.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 685 OBJ: 3
NAT: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrit y
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
CON: Clinical Judgment
3. Which potential serious adverse effect is associated with mannitol
(Osmitrol)?
a. Bradycardia
b. Fluid overload
c. Anaphylaxis
d. Fever
ANS: B
Mannitol, an osmotic agent, acts on blood volume by pul ling fluid from the
tissue spaces into the general circulation (blood). Patients should be assessed
at regularl y scheduled intervals for signs and symptoms of fluid overload,
pulmonary edema, or heart failure. Osmotic agents are not likely to cause
bradycardia, anaphylaxis, or fever.
